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Analyzing Histograms in Statistics Lab

The document outlines a lab exercise focused on histograms, emphasizing skills such as calculating percentages and constructing histograms from data. It includes specific tasks related to spending on education and the distribution of ages of gunfire victims in the U.S. The lab aims to enhance understanding of data representation and analysis through practical examples.

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westsoojan
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4 views3 pages

Analyzing Histograms in Statistics Lab

The document outlines a lab exercise focused on histograms, emphasizing skills such as calculating percentages and constructing histograms from data. It includes specific tasks related to spending on education and the distribution of ages of gunfire victims in the U.S. The lab aims to enhance understanding of data representation and analysis through practical examples.

Uploaded by

westsoojan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Stat 2 Lab #2: Histograms

Learning objectives:
• Using a histogram, calculate the percentage of values in a given interval
• Calculate/compare percentage, counts, and crowding using a histogram
• Construct a histogram from a table of counts, using the density scale

1. Spending on grade school (elementary and high school) education varies among school
districts in the U.S. The histogram below shows data from the U.S. Census Bureau on
how much was spent per student in 2015, including data from 13,306 school districts.
You can assume that the spending is evenly distributed within each interval. (Values on
the y-axis are also shown in parentheses above the bars.)

(a) What is the total area of the bars in this histogram?


5 + 7
0 5 + 9
5
+
25+2 55
. .
. .

&
I w
25
15
50

35 + 15 = 50
3
(b) For _______%
25 of school districts, spending was at least 10 thousand dollars, but less
than 15 thousand dollars.

(c) For _______%


5 of school districts, spending was at least 20 thousand dollars, but less
than 40 thousand dollars.

(d) Compare the rectangle with 15-20 thousand dollars with the rectangle for 20-50
thousand dollars. Which interval has more school districts, or are they the same?
Both intervals have the same number of school districts The of . area
the bars are thi same.
(5)
5
4

0 . 5 + 9 5 .
+ 25 + 7 5.
+ 7 5
.

& /
I - S
&
I w
25
15
3

1 9 x5
.

(1.9) 35 + 15 = 50
2

(1.5)

-
1 x5
1 .
5/3
0
9 5
1

*
0 .

(0.25)
(0.1)
0

0 10 20 30 40 50

Spending per student (thousands of dollars)


2. The table below shows the distribution of the ages of people who died by gunfire in the
U.S. during a particular week. You can assume that the ages are evenly distributed
within each interval. Draw a histogram for these data below, with the density scale on
the y-axis. (Hint: What do you need to calculate before you draw anything?)

Age (years) 15-25 25-35 35-55 55-85


Percent 44 20 16 20

10

I
Now use your histogram to answer these questions.

(a) The height of the bar over the interval 15-25 is (circle one)

&
4.4% per age 4.4% per year 44% 4.4%

(b) Compare the bar over 35-55 with the bar over 55-85. Which has more people?

55 -

85

(c) Compare the bar over 25-35 with the bar over 55-85. Which is more crowded?

25 -

35

(d) If the two bars over 15-25 and 25-35 are combined to create a single bar over 15-35,
the height of the new bar will be _______________.
3125
-

24
(e) _______% of the people were more than 50 years old.

(f) 50% of people are less than ________


28 years old. (In answering this question, you are
calculating the median of the data.)

Common questions

Powered by AI

The interval 25-35 is more crowded as it has a higher percentage density compared to the interval 55-85. Crowding is determined by comparing densities, not just total percentages.

To construct a histogram on a density scale from a table of counts, divide the count for each interval by the total number of observations to get a relative frequency. Then, divide this relative frequency by the interval width to find the density, which determines the height of the bar.

Both intervals have the same number of school districts because the areas of the bars for both intervals are the same, indicating an equal distribution across these regions as per the histogram data.

To compare spending patterns using a histogram, examine the heights and areas of bars for different intervals. Areas reflect the number of districts in each spending range, while bar heights reveal spending intensity per student. Analyze these aspects to evaluate and compare spending distributions across intervals.

The height of the bar over the interval 15-25 is 4.4% per year, since the total percentage for this interval is 44% and the interval spans 10 years.

The total area of the bars in a histogram is equal to the total percentage represented by all intervals. Since the histogram represents 100% of the data, the total area of the bars is 1 when using the density scale.

More than 50% of the people are over 50 years old if the median age falls below 50, depending on the cumulative frequency and distribution of ages across the histogram data.

To calculate the percentage of school districts spending between $10,000 and $15,000, identify the corresponding interval in the histogram and calculate the area under the curve for that interval. Assume spending is evenly distributed across the interval and use the height of the bar and the width of the interval to find the area.

Histograms offer a visual representation of the distribution of data across different intervals, allowing for efficient identification of patterns, trends, and deviations. They help in understanding data crowding, identifying modes, and comparing different data sets effectively.

The height of the new bar over the interval 15-35 would be calculated by averaging the heights of the two individual bars, accounting for their respective interval widths. Since the original heights are based on percentages and years, a computation considering the new total width (20 years) is necessary.

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