Solution

TEST
Class 12 - Mathematics
2 2 2
(x +1)(x +2) (4x +10)
1. We have, 2
(x +3)(x +4)
2
= 1 − 2
(x +3)(x +4)
2

2
(4x +10)
Let = 2
+
(x +3)(x +4)
2
Ax+B
2
(x +3)
Cx+D
2
(x +4)

2 2 2
4x + 10 = (Ax + B)(x + 4) + (Cx + D)(x + 3)
⇒ 4x2 + 10 = Ax3 + 4Ax + Bx2 + 4B + Cx3 + 3Cx + Dx2 + 3D
⇒ 4x2 + 10 = (A+C)x3 + (B + D)x2 + (4A + 3C)x + (4B + 3D)
Equating the coefficients of x3, x2, x and constant term, we get,
A+C=0
B+D=4
4A + 3C = 0
4B + 3 D = 10
On solving these equations, we get,
A = 0, B = -2, C = 0 and D = 6
Therefore,
2
(4x +10)
−2 6
= +
2 2 2 2
(x +3)(x +4) (x +3) (x +4)

2 2
(x +1)(x +2)
−2 6
2 2
= 1 − ( 2
+ 2
)
(x +3)(x +4) (x +3) (x +4)

2 2
(x +1)(x +2)
∫ dx =
2 2
(x +3)(x +4)

2 6
∫ {1 + 2
− 2
} dx
(x +3) (x +4)

= {1 + 2
2
2
−
2
6
2
}
x +(√3) (x +2 )

= x + 2( √3
1
tan
−1

√3
x
) − 6(
1

2
tan
−1 x

2
)

+ C

= x+ √3
2
tan
−1 x

√3
− 3 tan
−1 x

2
+ C

2. Given function is, x(x +1)

1
n

Multiplying numerator and denominator by xn-1, we get,

n−1 n−1
1 x x
= =
n n−1 n n n
x(x +1) x x(x +1) x (x +1)

Let xn = t
nxn-1dx = dt
Therefore,
n−1
1 x 1
∫ n
dx = ∫ n n
dx =
x(x +1) x (x +1) n

1
∫ dt
t(t+1)

Let 1

t(t+1)
=
A

t
+
(t+1)
B
 1 = A(1 + t) + Bt ...(i)
Substituting t = 0, -1 in equation (i), we get,
A =1 and B = -1
Thus,
1 1 1
= −
t(t+1) t (1+t)

1 1 1 1
∫ n
dx = ∫ { − } dt
x(x +1) n t (1+t)

= 1

n
[log |t| − log |t + 1|] + C

= 1

n
[log|x | − log|x
n n
+ 1|] + C

=
n
1 x
log∣
∣ n
∣ + C
∣
n x +1

3. Let I
(x−3)e
= 3
dx
(x−1)

(x−1)−2
x
= ∫ 3
e dx
(x−1)

(x−1) 2
x
= ∫ e [ − ]dx
3 3
(x−1) (x−1)

x 1 −2
⇒ I = ∫ e [ + ]dx
2 3
(x−1) (x−1)

x ′
[∫ e {f (x) + f (x)} dx]

It is in the form of ∫ e
x
{f (x) + f
′
(x)} dx since here f (x) = 1
2
and f ′
(x) =
d

dx
−2
{(x − 1) }
(x−1)

−3
= −2(x − 1)

=
−2
3
.
(x−1)

x
e
⇒ I = + c
2
(x−1)

⎡
⎢∵
⎣ x ′ x
∫ e {f (x) + f (x)} dx = e f (x) + c

⎥
⎦

4. Let I = e2x sin x

Integrating by parts, we get,
2x
I = sin x ∫ e dx −

d 2x
∫ {( sin x) ∫ e dx} dx
dx

= sin x ⋅
2x 2x
e e
− ∫ cos x ⋅ dx
2 2

=
2x
e sin x 1 2x
− ∫ e cos xdx
2 2

Again, integrating by parts, we get,

 2x
e sin x
I =
2

1 2x
− [cos x ∫ e dx −
2

d 2x
∫ {( cos x) ∫ e dx} dx]
dx

=
2x
e sin x

2x 2x
1 e e
− [cos x ⋅ − ∫ (− sin x) ⋅ dx]
2 2 2

=
2x 2x
e sin x e cos x 1
− − I
2 4 4

2x 2x
1 e sin x e cos x
⇒ I + I = −
4 2 4

2x 2x
5 e sin x e cos x
⇒ I = −
4 2 4

2x 2x
4 e sin x e cos x
⇒ [ − ]
5 2 4

5. Given function is: 1

cos(x+a) cos(x+b)

Let I =
cos(x+a) cos(x+b)
1

Multiply and divide by sin (a - b), we get

1 sin(a−b)
I = ⋅ ( )
sin(a−b) cos(x+a) cos(x+b)

=
sin(a−b+x−x)
1
⋅ ( )
sin(a−b) cos(x+a) cos(x+b)

= 1 sin[(x+a)−(x+b)]
⋅ ( )
sin(a−b) cos(x+a) cos(x+b)

As, {sin (A - B) = sin A cos B - cos A sin B}

⇒ I= sin(a−b)
1

sin(x+a)⋅cos(x+b)−cos(x+a)⋅sin(x+b)
⋅ ( )
cos(x+a) cos(x+b)

= sin(a−b)
1

sin(x+a)⋅cos(x+b) cos(x+a)⋅sin(x+b)
⋅ ( − )
cos(x+a) cos(x+b) cos(x+a) cos(x+b)

=
sin(x+a) sin(x+b)
1
⋅ ( − )
sin(a−b) cos(x+a) cos(x+b)

= sin(a−b)
1
⋅ [tan(x + a) − tan(x + b)]

⇒ ∫
cos(x+a) cos(x+b)
1
dx =∫ 1

sin(a−b)
⋅ [tan(x + a) − tan(x + b)]dx

= sin(a−b)
1
{∫ tan(x + a)dx − ∫ tan

(x + b)dx}

= sin(a−b)
1
[− log | cos(x + a)|

− (− log | cos(x + b)|)]

= sin(a−b)
1
[− log | cos(x + a)| + log | cos

(x + b)|]

cos(x+b)
1 ∣ ∣
⇒ I = ⋅ log + c
sin(a−b) ∣ cos(x+a) ∣
6. I = ∫ dx

3
√sin [Link](x+α)

dx
= ∫
sin(x+α)
4
√sin x.
sin x

2
cosec dx
dx
= ∫ = ∫
sin(x+α) sin(x+α)
2
sin x√ √
sin x sin x

2
cosec xdx
= ∫
sin [Link] α+cos [Link] α
√
sin x

2
cos ec 2dx
= ∫
√cos α+cot [Link] α

Put cos α + cot x. sin α = t

2
0 − cosec x. sin αdx = dt

2 −dt
cosec xdx =
sin α

1/2
−1 dt −1 t
∴I = ∫ = × + c
sin α √t sin α 1/2

−2√t
= + c
sin α

−2√cos α+cot x sin α

= + c
sin α

7. According to the question, I

π/4 sin x+cos x
= ∫ dx
0 9+16 sin 2x

π/4 sin x+cos x

⇒ I = ∫ dx
0 9+16(1+sin 2x−1)

π/4 sin x+cos x

⇒ I = ∫ dx
0 9+16[1−(1−sin 2x)]

⇒ I = [∵ 1 = cos
2
x + sin
2
x] and [∵ sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x]
π/4 sin x+cos x
∫ 2
dx
0 2
9+16[ 1−(cos x+sin x−2 sin x cos x) ]

π/4 sin x+cos x

⇒ I = ∫ dx
0 2
9+16[1−(cos x−sin x) ]

put , cosx − sinx = t

⇒ (−sinx − cosx)dx = dt

⇒ (sinx + cosx)dx = −dt

Lower limit , when x = 0, then t = cos 0 - sin 0 = 1

Upper limit , when x = π

4
, then t = cos π

4
− sin
π

4
=
1
−
1
= 0.
√2 √2

0 −dt
∴ I = ∫ 2
1 9+16(1−t )

1 dt
⇒ I = ∫
0 2
9+16(1−t )

1 dt
= ∫ 2
0 25−16t

1 1 dt
= ∫ 2
16 0 5 2
( ) −t
4

1
1 5+4t 1 1 a+x
= 5
[log∣
∣
∣] [∵ ∫
∣ 2 2
dx = log∣
∣
∣ + C]
∣
5−4t a −x 2a a−x
2× ×16 0
4

1 5+4 5
= [log∣
∣
∣ − log∣
∣ ∣ ∣
∣]
40 5−4 5
 1 9 5
= [log( ) − log( )]
40 1 5

1
= (log 9 − log 1)
40

=
1

40
(log 9) [∵ log 1 = 0]
1 2
⇒ I = log(3)
40

n
=
2

40
log 3 [∵ log a = nlog a]
1
∴ I = log 3
20