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1. Which of the following is an example of Artificial ecosystem?
a) Forest b) River c) Aquarium d) Lake
2. U.N era of scheduling for sustainable growth is from
a) 2002-11 b) 2003-12 c)2004-13 d) 2005-14
3. Which of the following has the largest population in food chain?
a) Producer b) 1st degree Consumer c)2nd Degree consumers d) Decomposers
4. Which of the following is not comes under SDG’S?
a) Zero hunger b) Political activity c) Education d) Gender equality
5. The number of SDGS are
a) 10 b) 15 c) 17 d) 16
6. According to UN the following are the significant issues of social progress
a) Instruction b) Public Health c) Living standards d) All of these
7. The term Ecology was coined by
a) E.P Odiyum b) A.G Tansley c) Albert Einstein d) A.G. Haeckal
8. Which year did the concept of sustainability first appear?
a) 1992 b) 1978 c)1980 d) 1987
9. An ecosystem consists of
a) Biotic species b) Biotic species and physical factors c) Only insects d) Only
Materials
10. Which of the following is a Producer?
a) Animals b) Human beings c) Plants d) Fish
11. Which of the following is biotic?
a) Forest b) Iron c) Water d) None
12. The First UN conference as Human Environment was held at Stickholm in
a) December 1972 b) June 1972 c) June 1974 d) June 1992
13. To achieve the goal of clean environment, important strategies required are
a) Effective laws c) Active participation of the publics
b) Active participation of NGOS d) Both (a) and (b)
14. Which pyramid is always upright?
a) Energy b) Biomass c) Number d) Food chain
15. Veld type grassland are located at
a) South Africa b) South America c) Australia d) Britain
16. Alge, green plants and photosynthetic bacteria are
a) Autotrophic b) heterotrophic c) Decomposer d) Consumer
17. The term Alpha diversity refers to
a) Genetic diversity c) Species diversity within a community or ecosystem
b) Community and ecosystem diversity d) Diversity among the plants
18. Sustainable Development means
a) Meeting present needs without compromising on future needs
b) Progress of human beings
c) Balance between human needs and the ability of earth to provide the resources
d) All of these
19. Hot spots areas have
a) Low density of biodiversity
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b) Only endangered plants
c) High density of hot springs
d) High density of biodiversity
20. Which of the following type of forest important for watersheds?
a) Genetic diversity
b) Community and ecosystem diversity
c) Species diversity within a community or ecosystem
d) Diversity among the plant
21. Which kind of soil we can find on the surface of thar desert?
a) Rockey b) Moist c) Fertile d) Aeolian
22. Why Rann of KUTCH attracts aquatics birds in monsoon season?
a) Because desert land is converted to forest land
b) Because desert land is converted to snow
c) Because desert land do not convert
d) Because desert land is converted to salt marshes
23. A predator is
a) An animal that is fed upon another animal
b) Animal that feeds upon both plants and animals
c) An animal that feeds upon another animal
d) A primary consumer
24. The ratio between energy flows at different point in a food chain is known as
a) Ecological capacity
b) Ecological efficiency
c) Ecological assimilation
d) Ecological potential
25. Which of the following conceptual spheres of the environment is having the least
storage capacity for matter?
a) Atmosphere b) Lithosphere c) Hydrosphere d) Biosphere
26. Habitat refers to
a) Physical condition of the place where organism live
b) Chemical conditions of the place where organism live
c) Both a & b
d) None of a or b
27. The term ‘Environment’ has been derived from the French word which means to
encircle or surround
a) Environ b) Oikos c) geo d) Aqua
28. Which of the following statements is false?
a) Inorganic nutrients are recycled in an ecosystem
b) Energy ‘flows’ through the ecosystem in the form of carbon-carbon bonds
c) Energy is recycled in an ecosystem
d) Respiration process releases energy
29. A food web consists of
a) A portion of a food chain b) An organism’s position in a food chain
c) Interlocking food chains d) A set of similar consumers
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30. Where can we find both running water as well as stagnant water?
a) Marine ecosystems b) Wetlands c) Coral reefs d) Freshwater
ecosystems
31. Which ecosystem is known as giant permanent pond?
a) Lake Ecosystem b) Pond ecosystem c) Seashore ecosystem d) Marine
ecosystem
32. Which of the following is a producer in an ecosystem
a) Plants and some bacteria capable of producing their own food b) Animals
c) Human beings d) Fish
33. The transfer of energy & nutrients from one feeding group of organization to another
in
a series is called.
a) Energy chain b) Food Chain c) Balanced ecosystem d) Food
Web
34. In an ecosystem, the flow of energy is
a) Bidirectional b) Cyclic c) Unidirectional d)
Multidirectional
35. In an ecosystem biological cycling of materials is maintained by
a) Producer b) Consumer c) Decomposer d) All of
the above
36. What makes desert region to become highly unproductive?
a) Salinity b) Sunlight c) Temperature d) Increase
in the rain
37. How can desert ecosystems be conserved?
a) By minimizing the human activity b) By pouring water to desert area
c) By deforestation d) By killing organisms
38. How the tropical rain forest gets the name?
a) Due to less rain b) Due to heavy rain c) Due to moderate rain d) Due to no rain
required
39. Which type of ecosystem is characterized by high biodiversity, tall trees, and a warm
climate year- round?
a) Desert ecosystem b) Riverine ecosystem c) Forest ecosystem d) Oceanic
ecosystem
40. Which of the following best defines an ecosystem?
a) A community of organisms interacting with each other only
b) A network of species sharing similar resources
c) A system involving interactions between living organisms and their physical
environment
d) A group of species that live in the same geographic area
41. Which ecosystem is most adapted to extreme temperatures and low water availability?
a) Wetlands b) Forest c) Desert d) Oceanic
42. What is the primary goal of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 1?
a) Achieve universal education b) Eradicate poverty in all its forms
c) Ensure clean water and sanitation d) Combat climate change
43. What is the primary characteristic of wetlands?
a) High salinity b) Frequent flooding and water saturation
c) Sparse vegetation d) Rocky terrain
44. SDG 13 focuses on which critical global issue?
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a) Marine life conservation b) Climate action
c) Gender equality d) Sustainable agriculture
45. SDG 14 focuses on the conservation and sustainable use of:
a) Freshwater resources b) Terrestrial ecosystems
c) Oceans, seas, and marine resources d) Urban environments
46. Which of the following ecosystems plays a crucial role in carbon sequestration?
a) Oceanic ecosystem b) Desert ecosystem c) Riverine ecosystem d) Mountain
ecosystem
47. Which SDG promotes responsible consumption and production patterns?
a) SDG 12 b) SDG 9 c) SDG 5 d) SDG 15
48. Which of the following is the largest source of freshwater on Earth?
a) Rivers b) Glaciers and ice caps c) Groundwater d) Lakes
49. A process from 2012 to 2015 led by the United Nations to define the future global
development framework that would succeed the
a) Millennium Development Goals
b) World Commission on Environment and Development
c) United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
d) Rio de Janeiro
50. There are two main types of actors for implementation of the SDGs:
a) state and non-state actors
b) state actors only
c) there is only one type of actors of implementation
d) none of the above
51. Temporary hardness of water is due to
a) Chloride hardness b) Manganese hardness
c) Calcium Hardnes d) Carbonate hardness
52. What is the permissible range of pH for drinking water as per the Indian standard?
a) 6 to 9 b) 6.5 to 7.5 c) 6 to 8.5 d) 6.5 to 8.5
53. The Government of India enacted the water act in the year.
a) 1970 b) 1974 c) 1975 d)1980
54. Desired concentration of fluoride content in drinking water in mg/L
a) 0.7 – 1.2 b) 0.5 – 2 c) 2-5 d) 1-1.75
55. which of the following of energy is less eco-friendly?
a) Bio-gas b) Wind c) Solar d) Nuclear
56. Solar Energy is an example of
a) Renewable b) Continuous c) non-renewable d) None of
these
[Link] energy can be tapped through
a) Heat Pumps b) Fuel cells c) Petroleum d) Gasifiers
58. Which of the following is an example of Water Borne Diseases
a) Hepatitis - A b) Hepatitis -B c) Hepatitis -C d) Hepatitis
-H
59. Which of the following is conventional source of Energy?
a) Wind Energy b) Solar Energy c) Bio-gas d) None of
these
60. Which of the following is non-point source of water pollution?
a) Factories c) Urban and suburban land
b) Sewage treatment plant d) All of these
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61. When is World Water Day celebrated?
a) January 26th b) June 5th 31. c) September 22 d) March
22
62. ……… is caused by drinking water high in nitrates.
a) Cholera b) Liver problem c) Kidney problem d) Methomoglobinemia
63. Minamata Disease is caused due to
a) Lead b) Arsenic c) Mercury d) Cadmium
64. The process of reducing the fluoride content from water is called as
a) Chlorination c) Fluoridation
b) Defluoridation d) Fanning and Lofting
65. What does MHD stands for in the energy field
a) Magneto Hydro Dynamic
b) Metal Hydrogen Detox
c) Micro Hybrid Drive
d) Metering Head Differential
66. A tide whose difference between high and low tide is greatest
a) Diurnal tide B) Neap tide c) Spring tide d) Ebb tide
67. Which of the turbine can be mounted vertically and horizontally
a) Pelton wheel b)Kaplan turbine c)Gorlov turbine d) Francis
turbine
68. Which country is the largest producer of wind energy?
a) India b) China c) Germany d) USA
69. What is the primary advantage of using solar energy?
a) Low installation cost b) Non-renewable source
c) Zero greenhouse gas emissions d) High maintenance cost
70. Hydrogen is considered a clean energy source because:
a) It is abundant in fossil fuels b) It produces only water as a by-product
c) It is cheaper than coal d) It can only be used in nuclear reactors
71. Which form of energy is stored in fossil fuels?
a) Nuclear Energy b) Thermal Energy
c) Chemical Energy d) Electrical Energy
72. Which gas is the primary contributor to the greenhouse effect?
a) Oxygen b) Carbon dioxide c) Nitrogen d) Argon
73. What is the primary effect of excessive nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus in water
bodies?
a) Acidification b) Eutrophication c) Ozone depletion d) Desertification
74. Which of the following is a major source of water pollution?
a) Agricultural runoff b) Solar energy production
c) Wind energy turbines d) Geothermal power plants
75. Which pollutant is most commonly associated with industrial wastewater?
a) Pesticides b) Heavy metals c) Carbon dioxide d) Methane
76. Open cycle OTEC uses surface water directly to make electricity.
a) Hot b) Warm c) Cool d) Icy
77. What does OTEC stand for?
a) Ocean thermal energy cultivation
b) Ocean thermal energy conversion
c) Ocean techno energy conservation
d) Ocean thermal energy consumption
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78. The major chemical pollutants in photochemical smog are
a) NO, NO2, VOC, O3, PAN
b) NO, NO2, VOC, O2, PAN
c) N2O, NO₂, VOC, O3, PAN
d) NO, N2Os, VOC, O3, PAN
79. The international protocol to protect the Ozone layer is
a) Vienna protocol b) Cartagena protocol
c) Kyoto protocol d) Montreal protocol
80. The 'Miracle Material' that can turn CO2 into liquid fuel is:
a) Propane b) Copper c) Graphene d) Potassium
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