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R Functions: Apply, Lapply, Sapply Usage

The document explains the use of the apply family of functions in R, including apply, lapply, sapply, and tapply, for manipulating arrays, matrices, and vectors. It provides examples of how to use these functions to perform operations like summing, finding minimums and maximums, and applying custom functions. Additionally, it demonstrates the use of the mapply function for applying a function to multiple arguments.

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6 views2 pages

R Functions: Apply, Lapply, Sapply Usage

The document explains the use of the apply family of functions in R, including apply, lapply, sapply, and tapply, for manipulating arrays, matrices, and vectors. It provides examples of how to use these functions to perform operations like summing, finding minimums and maximums, and applying custom functions. Additionally, it demonstrates the use of the mapply function for applying a function to multiple arguments.

Uploaded by

aasthankalyane
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

apply(X, MARGIN, FUN)

Here:
-x: an array or matrix
-MARGIN: take a value or range between 1 and 2 to define where to
apply the function:
-MARGIN=1`: the manipulation is performed on rows
-MARGIN=2`: the manipulation is performed on columns
-MARGIN=c(1,2)` the manipulation is performed on rows and columns
-FUN: tells which function to apply. Built functions like mean,
median, sum, min, max and even user-defined functions can be
applied>

m1 <- matrix(C<-(1:10),nrow=5, ncol=6)


m1
a_m1 <- apply(m1, 2, sum)
A_m1

lapply(X, FUN)
Arguments:
-X: A vector or an object
-FUN: Function applied to each element of x

movies <- c("SPYDERMAN","BATMAN","VERTIGO","CHINATOWN")


movies_lower <-lapply(movies, tolower)
str(movies_lower)

sapply(X, FUN)
Arguments:
-X: A vector or an object
-FUN: Function applied to each element of x

dt <- cars
lmn_cars <- lapply(dt, min)
smn_cars <- sapply(dt, min)
lmn_cars
smn_cars

lmxcars <- lapply(dt, max)


smxcars <- sapply(dt, max)
lmxcars

avg <- function(x) {


( min(x) + max(x) ) / 2 }

fcars <- sapply(dt, avg)


fcars

below_ave <- function(x) {


ave <- mean(x)
return(x[x < ave])
}
dt_s<- sapply(dt, below_ave)
dt_l<- lapply(dt, below_ave)
identical(dt_s, dt_l)

tapply(X, INDEX, FUN = NULL)


Arguments:
-X: An object, usually a vector
-INDEX: A list containing factor
-FUN: Function applied to each element of x

data(iris)
tapply(iris$[Link], iris$Species, median)

Q1 <- matrix(c(rep(1, 4), rep(2, 4), rep(3, 4), rep(4, 4)),4,4)


print(Q1)
Q2 <- mapply(rep,1:4,4)
print(Q2)

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