Unit 1: Basics of Scientific Investigation

1. Which of the following is NOT one of the basic SI units of measurement?

A. Kilogram (kg)

B. Second (s)

C. Ampere (A)

D. Kilometer

2. The steps involved in a scientific investigation usually begin with:

A. Forming a hypothesis

B. Analyzing data

C. Stating the problem/asking a question

D. Drawing a conclusion

3. What is the prefix that represents $10^{-3}$?

A. Centi-

B. Milli-

C. Micro-

D. Kilo-

4. The closeness of a measurement to the true value is called:

A. Precision

B. Accuracy

C. Sensitivity

D. Reliability

5. Which piece of lab equipment is used to measure the volume of a liquid with the highest
precision?

A. Beaker

B. Conical flask
C. Measuring cylinder

D. Burette

Unit 2: Composition of Matter

6. The basic building block of all substances is the:

A. Molecule

B. Cell

C. Atom

D. Compound

7. Which subatomic particle is negatively charged?

A. Proton

B. Neutron

C. Electron

D. Nucleus

8. An element is a substance made up of only one kind of:

A. Molecule

B. Compound

C. Atom

D. Ion

9. Water ($\text{H}_2\text{O}$) is an example of a:

A. Molecule of an element

B. Compound

C. Mixture

D. Atom

10. What is the central part of an atom called?

B. Valence shell

C. Nucleus

D. Atomic mass

Unit 3: Classification of Compounds

11. Which of the following is a general property of an acid?

A. Slippery feel

B. Bitter taste

C. Turns red litmus paper blue

D. Sour taste

12. A substance that turns red litmus paper blue and feels slippery is most likely a:

A. Salt

B. Acid

C. Base

D. Neutral compound

13. The reaction between an acid and a base is called:

A. Oxidation

B. Reduction

C. Neutralization

D. Displacement

14. Organic compounds are primarily defined as containing which element?

A. Oxygen

B. Carbon

C. Nitrogen
D. Sulfur

15. Methane ($\text{CH}_4$) belongs to the group of organic compounds called:

A. Alcohols

B. Hydrocarbons

C. Oxides

D. Carbohydrates

16. Which of the following oxides is an acidic oxide?

A. $\text{MgO}$

B. $\text{CaO}$

C. $\text{SO}_2$

D. $\text{Na}_2\text{O}$

17. What is the product, besides water, of a neutralization reaction?

A. Base

B. Acid

C. Salt

D. Oxide

18. Which precaution should be taken when working with concentrated acids?

A. Smell the acid directly.

B. Add water to the acid.

C. Add acid to water slowly.

D. Work without goggles.

19. Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are called:

A. Carbohydrates

B. Oxides
C. Hydrocarbons

D. Bases

20. A compound with a $\text{pH}$ value of 13 is considered a:

A. Weak acid

B. Strong acid

C. Strong base

D. Neutral substance

Unit 4: Human Body Systems and Health

21. The main function of the respiratory system is:

A. Pumping blood

B. Digestion

C. Gas exchange

D. Supporting the body

22. Which system protects the internal organs, provides shape, and aids movement?

A. Muscular system

B. Integumentary system

C. Skeletal system

D. Circulatory system

23. The integumentary system is primarily composed of the:

A. Bones and joints

B. Brain and nerves

C. Skin, hair, and nails

D. Heart, blood, and vessels

24. Which component of the circulatory system is responsible for transporting oxygen to body
tissues?
A. Platelets

B. White blood cells

C. Plasma

D. Red blood cells

25. Digestion primarily begins in the:

A. Small intestine

B. Large intestine

C. Stomach

D. Mouth

26. The exchange of materials between the blood and body cells occurs in the thin-walled blood
vessels called:

A. Arteries

B. Veins

C. Capillaries

D. Aorta

27. The large muscle beneath the lungs that aids breathing is the:

A. Trachea

B. Bronchi

C. Diaphragm

D. Larynx

28. Which of the following is a major function of the skeletal system?

A. Hormone production

B. Blood cell formation

C. Nutrient absorption

D. $\text{CO}_2$ removal
29. Secondary sexual characteristics in females are typically due to the production of:

A. Testosterone

B. Estrogen

C. Progesterone

D. Insulin

30. The system responsible for breaking down food into smaller absorbable molecules is the:

A. Excretory system

B. Nervous system

C. Digestive system

D. Reproductive system

Unit 5: Ecosystem and Conservation

31. Organisms that produce their own food are called:

A. Consumers

B. Decomposers

C. Producers

D. Heterotrophs

32. The process by which nitrogen gas is converted into compounds usable by plants is called:

A. Photosynthesis

B. Nitrification

C. Nitrogen fixation

D. Decomposition

33. Which of the following is NOT a type of soil?

A. Loam

B. Clay
C. Sand

D. Gravel

34. The primary source of energy for most ecosystems is:

A. Chemical energy

B. Thermal energy

C. Solar energy

D. Geothermal energy

35. A major cause of air pollution is the burning of:

A. Sunlight

B. Wood and charcoal

C. Fossil fuels

D. Water vapor

36. The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth is the:

A. Carbon cycle

B. Water cycle

C. Nitrogen cycle

D. Trophic level

37. Which practice is essential for soil conservation?

A. Deforestation

B. Overgrazing

C. Crop rotation

D. Monoculture

38. The interaction where one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped is
called:

A. Mutualism
B. Parasitism

C. Commensalism

D. Competition

39. All the living and non-living things in a particular area, along with their interactions, form
a(n):

A. Habitat

B. Population

C. Ecosystem

D. Community

40. What is the process by which water vapor in the air turns back into liquid water, forming
clouds?

A. Evaporation

B. Condensation

C. Precipitation

D. Transpiration

Unit 6: The Solar System

41. The largest planet in our solar system is:

A. Earth

B. Mars

C. Jupiter

D. Saturn

42. Which planet is known as the "Red Planet"?

A. Venus

B. Mars

C. Mercury
D. Uranus

43. A small, rocky body that orbits the Sun, mostly found between Mars and Jupiter, is a(n):

A. Comet

B. Asteroid

C. Meteoroid

D. Satellite

44. What makes Earth unique and suitable for life compared to other planets?

A. It has mountains.

B. It is the largest inner planet.

C. It has liquid water on its surface.

D. It has a visible ring system.

45. Which of the following is NOT one of the inner, or terrestrial, planets?

A. Mercury

B. Venus

C. Jupiter

D. Mars

Unit 7: Physical Phenomena in the Surrounding

46. The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another (e.g., from air to water) is
called:

A. Reflection

B. Diffraction

C. Refraction

D. Dispersion

47. Sound travels fastest through which state of matter?

A. Vacuum
B. Gas

C. Liquid

D. Solid

48. Heat transfer through the direct contact of particles, mainly in solids, is called:

A. Convection

B. Radiation

C. Conduction

D. Insulation

49. The region around a magnet where its magnetic force can be felt is called a:

A. Electric field

B. Magnetic pole

C. Magnetic domain

D. Magnetic field

50. Which component of a simple electric circuit controls the flow of current?

A. Source (battery)

B. Connecting wire

C. Load (bulb)

D. Switch