week 6 :

+
_

= Vibration of string

fixed = fixed
^

t ←
-
℃

=> Mass of small element : 1x

Am W
-
weight/leught
sy
= .

g
use : 1st order CD : fixe =
fi + fih
. {

^
=> 0' b + 20 1x Q
=
. -

วx
oy
y ( trk 1
} V

>

=>
imtanomee se
θ ← OY
②
OX

=>
Newton 2"d law

Eī
} mān 1m = WAX
⑦
(sm) {
-

+ ↑: Tsino'-Tsino = .
d'y

Tsin (0 +x) - Tsino =

(WSx) o
For the small displacement
=>lim sing
*

TCQO σ -
- W + 02
s
&}- T
θ [ } )

OX

②
Too
OX
-(n 0
)

(
← ~ .
+ า=0x
2

"Hyperbolic
"

Eg .

GV . Eg .: dy K d'y
JTg "thevelucityo
.: K
; where -
= : =
=

O2 W
f ,

"Wave Eg . "
> }@ +←σ→ Y ( A , σ ) ←σ☆
→
BES
{ 2 ] @ ←= L } (t
,
l7 - O #

IG initial displacement
(1)
f(x)
:

ycx
=> =

ICs

2) IC2 : initial velocity =>

Vco , x) = 0Y (0 , X)

ot

FDM for
Hyperbolic Eg .

0y
K2dy
6V . Eq .: =
( K3

Of 2
time index t
e ,

index from
Y"e
=> :

y(t, X) =

space index
, x

giy time (V >

n -1
:

=>

&
·

st time
=
step

x ,time e

Yet
i ith

n+1
y,
=> time : n 1 + (?)

i
ว้
ว้
 1) Use the central diff of for and time
.

space :
point ; n

oy" = Yi -
2y + yim + 0(x)
-

0
2 ' A 2

2) . Use the central diff .

of time : for point i and time n

Öy" = y 2yi - + yi + 0( + -
i At 2

②
{
*
From GV .
Eg
.: 82y =
k d'y
Ot 2

? yin-
( )
^ m +←
yim _
3 yi + yi k
2

yi " + yit ,

R 1X2

set : k 2 st 2/x = C

□
'
-
(
"
yin
n +1 n "
tzyi
)
…
i
-
tc yin 2 yit yii

where c
kek Courant number
=
=

(
> 1
-
=
"diverge"
c =
1 =
Accuracy = ok - (** )
>
-
( =
Accuracy ↓

If use c = 1

u +h

yit for
^^ "

yi yi +
yi, + c 1
;

← -
=
,

"
"
The solution of Hyperbolic Eg .
Using CD-FDM

The FDM
step of
solving
-

Hyperbolic Ea .

From the CD-FDM solution of :

yint yin tayi yit

'
tC ( yin )
"
- " "
tagi t
,

where c = K ? At

1x2 -
(* )

for yints - gi
' "
Cay :
s
tyiin
=

yi -

No . 1 Calculation : Time n =
1 ; +, = 0 (IC)

IC :
yi = f(x) (i sinitial
displacement (

No . 2 : Time n =
2
; tz =
t

, + st

o · time : to imaginary time)

i

yin
·" time
: : t (14) I
i + 7

· : time :
to

Solve y- + +
yi zyi (
∞ iy ayi yien ) @
-
c + +
-

Find yi =?

use the IC : initial

velocity : Vi = by
↑ of i
IC
(ขา

From n 1
vil
=

: by =

f "
{
1st order CD : fi =
fixe-fire
yi vi ^
-
-

yi

∴ yi - yi _ vi ^ [ ast )
-
⑥
↑
ICr
 ③ >
-

@ :

Yif - -

Cyif - vi ^ [ 2 >+ 1 ) +2 y " +

C [yi -
-
2 yityitn }

i yif - viot tyi ( yin zyi tyii }

{
t -

张
If Vi = 0 and c =
-

yP
[ yilntyi ] +n

The solution of time : n =

2

No .
for time : n = 3,4
...
,

yinty yin C ( yin yit ]

"
- " t 2g " t
tayi
-
t
,

where c = K ? At

1x2 -
(# )

for yinth - yi
"

t yi tyit
Can : =
' i
"

- ,
长