CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHOD AND PROCEDCURE
3.0 Introduction
This chapter will deal with the various research methods as well as the procedures utilized in
the course of carrying out this research. It entails such methods and procedures like research design,
population of the study, sample size and sampling techniques, research instrument, validity of
instrument, reliability of instrument, method of data collection as well as method of data analysis.
3.1 Research Design
This study will adopt descriptive survey research in obtaining first-hand information from the
respondents by collecting of data through the use of questionnaire. To maintain the focus of the
study, relevant information was obtained directly from the people in the study area.
3.2 Population of the Study
The population of a study is the generalization of the group which the research is interested
in gaining information from and upon which subsequent conclusion is made. The target population
of this study comprises of Current Students and Individuals who have recently graduated from office
technology and management programs. The total population is estimated to be approximately 500
students, which includes both undergraduate and postgraduate students.
3.3 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques
The study will adopt a systematic sampling technique. A sample is a portion of a population,
that is, the small group that is observed from a target or total population. Since the population cannot
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be studied in its entirety or at the same time. Thus, the sample size for the study will be 200
respondents selected through the systematic sampling technique from the study population.
3.4 Research Instrument
The basic instrument that will be adopted for this study is the self-structured questionnaire
that will contained a list of carefully selected and ordered items to elicit the required data to answer
the research questions. The questionnaire will be divided into two sections (Section A and B),
Section A will contain the personal data of the respondents such as; sex, age bracket, marital status
and occupation while the Section B will contains a list of twenty (25) items relating to the study.
3.5 Validity of the Instrument
The instrument that will be used is the questionnaire, and submitted to the researcher’s
supervisor for in-depth examination; correction and suggestions which give the research instrument a
face construct and content validity.
3.6 Reliability of Instruments
For the reliability of the research instrument, that is, the questionnaire, the Cronbach Alpha
method will be adopted in which a number of drafted questionnaire will first administered to a set of
respondents aside the targeted population and will be tested using Cronbach Alpha.
3.7 Methods of Data Collection
The questionnaire will be administered to the respondents by the researcher himself and will
be collected immediately after their completion to ensure speedy and accurate return of all
questionnaires.
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3.8 Methods of Data Analysis
The collected data through the questionnaire will be analysed using descriptive statistics. The
personal data of the respondents will be analysed using simple percentage statistical analysis for
demographic characteristic and relevant research questions, the stated research questions will be
analysed using descriptive mean and standard deviation while chi square will be used to test the
hypothesis.
The statistical tool that will be used in the research to analyse collected data is chi-square
(X2). Chi-square will be used to test relationship between hypothesized variables. The result of
statistical analysis of data will be used either to reject or accept the stated hypothesis. The hypothesis
will be tested at 0.5 level of significance. The sample of chi-square formula is X 2=∑ (O-E)
Where O= observed frequency, E= expected frequency, ∑= summation.