Assignment-4 (Using R Software)
1. One –way ANOVA in R (Weiss Example 16.3, p-722 pdf) Lecture 13 page-10
First arrange the data in an Excel file and save the file as csv (call it energy .csv), t hen in R using
these commands:
[Link]<-[Link]("[Link]", header=TRUE)
attach([Link])
[Link]=aov(consumption~Region, data=[Link])
summary([Link])
Results will be like this
(i) Perform ANOVA using the above R codes
(ii) Test the appropriate hypothesis (at 5% LOS) use both critical value and p-value
approaches.
2. Simple Regression in R
Relation between student’s population and quarterly sales of Pizza (Anderson page 687)
x<-c(2,6,8,8,12,16,20,20,22,26)
y<-c(58,105,88,118,117,137,157,169,149,202)
plot(x,y)
plot(x,y, xlab="Student Population", ylab="Sales")
lm(y~x)
summary(lm(y~x))
(i) Estimate the simple linear regression model using the above R codes.
(ii) Write down the estimated equation.
(iii) Interpret the coefficients.
(iv) Predict the quarterly sales of Pizza when student’s population is 15.
(v) Interpret R squared.
(vi) Test the appropriate hypothesis at 5% LOS (use p-value approach).
3. Multiple regression in R (Orion Car Data)
orion=[Link]([Link](), header=TRUE) # choose [Link] data
orion<-[Link]("[Link]",header=TRUE) ## alternatively used
attach(orion)
head(orion)
model.1=lm(price~age+miles, data=orion)
summary(model.1)
round((summary(model.1)$coefficients), 5) # to preset outcome with 5 decimals (avoid scientific
notation)
(i) Estimate the multiple regression model using the above R codes.
(ii) Write down the estimated equation.
(iii) Interpret all coefficients.
(iv) Predict the car price for 5-year old car with 50,000 miles driven.
(v) Interpret R squared.
(vi) Test the appropriate hypothesis at 5% L.O.S (use p-value approach).
4. Multiple Regression with One Categorical Variable.
Consider the factors such as the number of megapixels, weight (oz.), and overall score ranges
from 0 to 100 of sample of Canon and Nikon cameras used to explain prices.
Observation Brand Price_$ Megapixels Weight _oz Score Brand1
1 Canon 330 10 7 66 1
2 Canon 200 12 5 66 1
3 Canon 300 12 7 65 1
4 Canon 200 10 6 62 1
5 Canon 180 12 5 62 1
6 Canon 200 12 7 61 1
7 Canon 200 14 5 60 1
8 Canon 130 10 7 60 1
9 Canon 130 12 5 59 1
10 Canon 110 16 5 55 1
11 Canon 90 14 5 52 1
12 Canon 100 10 6 51 1
13 Canon 90 12 7 46 1
14 Nikon 270 16 5 65 0
15 Nikon 300 16 7 63 0
16 Nikon 200 14 6 61 0
17 Nikon 400 14 7 59 0
18 Nikon 120 14 5 57 0
19 Nikon 170 16 6 56 0
20 Nikon 150 12 5 56 0
21 Nikon 230 14 6 55 0
22 Nikon 180 12 6 53 0
23 Nikon 130 12 6 53 0
24 Nikon 80 12 7 52 0
25 Nikon 80 14 7 50 0
26 Nikon 100 12 4 46 0
27 Nikon 110 12 5 45 0
28 Nikon 130 14 4 42 0
(i) Estimate the regression model,
(ii) Write down the estimated equation.
(iii) Interpret the coefficients.
(iv) Predict price of Nikon camera of 14 megapixels with a weight of 6 oz and score of 55.
(v) Interpret R squared.
(vi) Test the hypothesis (at 5%) that the average price of Canon is significantly less than
Nikon.
To get the answers of above questions, Run the following R codes
camera1 = [Link]([Link]()) # File must be saved in csv (Select [Link])
attach(camera1)
head(camera1)
[Link]=lm( Price~Megapixels+Weight+Score+Brand1, data=camera1)
summary([Link])
5. Multiple Regression with More Categorical Variables (Data in file [Link])
Consider the data of sales prices of 176 houses to be explained by value of land, value of
improvement (all three variables in $1000) and the city area where the house is located.
(CHEVAL is the base area).
(i) Obtain the estimated regression using R codes.
^
Sales=−16.93+1.594 Land +1.301 Imp−82.97 DAVISISLES+10.187 HUNTERSGREE
−47.28 HYDEPARK
SE 20.33 0.091 0.0468 32.536 22.731 28.396
(ii) Interpret each coefficient.
(iii) Predict the price of a house located in Cheval that has value of land and improvement as
100 and 200 (thousands of dollars).
(iv) Test the hypothesis (at 5%) that average prices in the Hyde park area are significantly less
than Cheval area. (t 0.05, 170 df)
(v) Test the hypothesis (at 5%) that average prices in the Huntersgreen area are significantly
greater than Cheval area. (t 0.05, 170 df)
To get the answers of above questions, Run the following R codes
property = [Link]([Link]()) # File must be saved in csv (Select [Link])
attach(property)
head(property)
[Link]=lm(sales~land+imp+DAV+HUNT+HYD, data=property)
summary([Link])
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) -16.93689 20.33754 -0.833 0.4061
land 1.59419 0.09116 17.489 <2e-16 ***
imp 1.30108 0.04688 27.754 <2e-16 ***
DAV -82.97736 32.53676 -2.550 0.0116 *
HUNT 10.18708 22.73161 0.448 0.6546
HYD -47.28121 28.39076 -1.665 0.0977.
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 111.3 on 170 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.9277, Adjusted R-squared: 0.9256
F-statistic: 436.1 on 5 and 170 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16