WCDMA RAN
RAN14.0
AQM Feature Parameter
Description
Issue 02
Date 2014-02-28
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2022. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior
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All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective
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Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and
the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be
within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements,
information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees
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The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the
preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and
recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Address: Huawei Industrial Base
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Website: [Link]
Email: support@[Link]
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WCDMA RAN
AQM Feature Parameter Description Contents
Contents
1 About This Document.............................................................................................................1
1.1 Scope........................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 General Statements................................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.3 Change History......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Differences Between Base Station Types........................................................................................................................ 2
2 Technical Description..............................................................................................................4
3 Engineering Guidelines.......................................................................................................... 6
3.1 Requirements............................................................................................................................................................................ 6
3.2 Activation................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.3 Activation Observation.......................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.4 Deactivation.............................................................................................................................................................................. 8
3.5 MML Command Examples................................................................................................................................................... 8
4 Parameters................................................................................................................................ 9
5 Counters.................................................................................................................................. 10
6 Glossary................................................................................................................................... 11
7 Reference Documents...........................................................................................................12
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 1 About This Document
1 About This Document
1.1 Scope
This document describes WRFD-011502 Active Queue Management (AQM),
including its technical principles, related features, network impact, and
engineering guidelines.
1.2 General Statements
Purpose
Feature Parameter Description documents are intended to acquaint readers with:
● The technical principles of features and their related parameters
● The scenarios where these features are used, the benefits they provide, and
the impact they have on networks and functions
● Requirements of the operating environment that must be met before feature
activation
● Parameter configuration required for feature activation, verification of feature
activation, and monitoring of feature performance
NOTE
This document only provides guidance for feature activation. Feature deployment and
feature gains depend on the specifics of the network scenario where the feature is
deployed. To achieve optimal gains, contact Huawei professional service engineers.
Software Interfaces
Any parameters, alarms, counters, or managed objects (MOs) described in Feature
Parameter Description documents apply only to the corresponding software
release. For future software releases, refer to the corresponding updated product
documentation.
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 1 About This Document
1.3 Change History
This section provides information about the changes in different document
versions. There are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
● Feature change
Changes in features and parameters of a specified version as well as the
affected entities
● Editorial change
Changes in wording or addition of information and any related parameters
affected by editorial changes. Editorial change does not specify the affected
entities.
RAN14.0 02 (2014-02-28)
This issue includes the following changes.
Change Type Change Description Parameter
Change
Feature None None
change
Editorial Enhanced the document readability. None
change
RAN14.0 01 (2012-07-20)
Compared with issue 02 (2011-06-30) of RAN13.0, 01 (2012-07-20) of RAN14.0
includes the following changes.
Change Type Change Description Parameter
Change
Feature change None None
Editorial Added the descriptions about how to deploy None
change AQM. For details, see chapter 3 Engineering
Guidelines.
1.4 Differences Between Base Station Types
Feature Support by Macro, Micro, and LampSite Base Stations
Feature Descripti Supported by Base Supporte Supporte Supporte
ID on Station Controller d by d by d by
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 1 About This Document
BSC6900 BSC6910 Macro Micro LampSite
Base Base Base
Station Station Station
WRFD-01 Active Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
1502 Queue
Manage
ment
(AQM)
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 2 Technical Description
2 Technical Description
Active Queue Management (AQM) can actively optimize the management of RLC
queues to reduce the delay of HTTP services in buffer queues.
Currently, most communications systems use Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
to guarantee the reliability of data services. When TCP is applied to the WCDMA
network, one radio bearer (RB) can use multiple TCP connections (multi-thread)
simultaneously and a great number of data packets may wait in the buffer queue,
which leads to a long queuing delay. As a result, the following problems may
occur:
● When a queue is long, the round trip time (RTT) of the synchronization
packet of a new connection is also long, whereas the initial value of the
retransmission timeout (RTO) timer is relatively small. Therefore, the RTT may
be longer than the RTO time, that is, the RTO timer may expire before the
new connection setup.
● When a high-priority traffic stream occupies most of the buffer, it is difficult
for other streams to occupy the required bandwidth. As a result, the
subsequent data packets of the other streams are likely to be discarded due
to buffer overflow.
● When consecutive loss of packets occurs due to buffer overflow, the TCP link
takes a long time to retrieve the earlier data rate. In such a case, the link
cannot be fully used.
In congestion scenarios, AQM optimizes the management of RLC queues by
selectively discarding HTTP service TCP packets and triggering TCP congestion
control to relieve the congestion. In this way, it can improve user experience in
HTTP services.
● The AQM algorithm identifies an HTTP service by the TCP port number
carried in the service packet. The default TCP port number is 80 for HTTP
services.
● The AQM algorithm applies to data transmission in the downlink rather than
the uplink.
● The AQM algorithm does not require support from other NEs.
The AQM feature has no gain or has negative gains in the following scenarios:
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 2 Technical Description
● If both TCP services and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) services are carried
on the bearer, discarding packets can only reduce the traffic of TCP services
but cannot reduce the traffic of UDP services.
● In congestion scenarios, the AQM algorithm randomly discards service data
packets. As a result, interactive service data packets may be discarded,
affecting user experience of interactive services.
● Discarding packets causes throughput fluctuation. The fluctuation becomes
more obvious when the number of TCP connections is small (for example, one
or two connections).
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 3 Engineering Guidelines
3 Engineering Guidelines
This section describes how to activate, verify, and deactivate the optional feature
WRFD-011502 Active Queue Management (AQM).
This feature is not recommended for new projects (such as new deployment,
reconstruction, and optimization). Contact Huawei technical support if you want
to enable this feature.
3.1 Requirements
● Hardware
None
● Other features
None
● License
For details about how to activate the license, see License Management
Feature Parameter Description.
Feature ID Feature License License NE Sale
Name Control Control s
Item ID Item Name Unit
WRFD-0115 Active LQW1AQM Active BSC6900 Mbp
02 Queue 01 Queue BSC6910 s
Manageme Manageme
nt (AQM) nt (AQM)
(per Mbps)
If RAN Sharing or MOCN is enabled, the licensed resource is allocated among
the primary and secondary operators according to the following method:
Method 5: In RAN Sharing scenarios, the license of a feature is activated for
the primary and secondary operators separately. In MOCN scenarios, the
license of a feature is activated only for the primary operator. The licensed
values can be set by running the SET LICENSE command.
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 3 Engineering Guidelines
3.2 Activation
Run the RNC MML command SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH to turn on the RNC-
level AQM switch. In this step, select the check box DRA_AQM_SWITCH under the
parameter Dynamic resource allocation switch (DraSwitch (BSC6900,
BSC6910)).
3.3 Activation Observation
Step 1 Select UI_FAM_UT_INTRA_MSG in the Message Setting dialog box on the RNC
LMT.
Figure 3-1 Message setting dialog box
Step 2 Initiate UE tracing on the RNC LMT. In the displayed UE Trace dialog box, select
the Debug Mode check box, as shown in Figure 3-2.
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 3 Engineering Guidelines
Figure 3-2 UE trace dialog box
Step 3 Establish a BE service on the UE. Verify the value of the information element (IE)
"ucAqmSwitch" under PdcpSetupInfo contained in the CRLC_SETUP_REQ message
as follows:
● If the value of the IE "ucAqmSwitch" is 1, this feature is activated.
● If the value of the IE "ucAqmSwitch" is 0, this feature is not activated.
----End
3.4 Deactivation
Run the RNC MML command SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH. In this step, deselect
the DRA_AQM_SWITCH check box under the parameter Dynamic resource
allocation switch (DraSwitch (BSC6900, BSC6910)).
3.5 MML Command Examples
//Activating Active Queue Management (AQM)
SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH: DraSwitch=DRA_AQM_SWITCH-1;
//Deactivating Active Queue Management (AQM)
SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH: DraSwitch=DRA_AQM_SWITCH-0;
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 4 Parameters
4 Parameters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of parameter reference match the software
version with which this document is released.
Base station controller parameter reference
● BSC6900 UMTS Parameter Reference: contains the parameters related to the
BSC6900 equipment, transport, and radio access functions.
● BSC6910 UMTS Parameter Reference: contains the parameters related to the
BSC6910 equipment, transport, and radio access functions.
NodeB parameter reference
● Node Parameter Reference: contains base station equipment and transport
parameters.
● NodeBFunction Parameter Reference: contains all parameters related to radio
access functions, including air interface management, access control, mobility
control, and radio resource management.
NOTE
You can find the EXCEL files of parameter reference for the software version on the live
network from the product documentation delivered with that version.
FAQ: How do I find the parameters related to a certain feature from
parameter reference?
Step 1 Open the EXCEL file of parameter reference.
Step 2 On the Parameter List sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text Filters and
choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, WRFD-170201.
Step 3 Click OK. All parameters related to the feature are displayed.
----End
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 5 Counters
5 Counters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of performance counter reference match the
software version with which this document is released.
Base station controller performance counter reference
● BSC6900 UMTS Performance Counter Reference: contains the counters related
to the BSC6900 equipment, transport, and radio access functions.
● BSC6910 UMTS Performance Counter Reference: contains the counters related
to the BSC6910 equipment, transport, and radio access functions.
NodeB performance counter reference
● Node Performance Counter Summary: contains base station equipment and
transport counters.
● NodeBFunction Performance Counter Summary: contains all counters related
to radio access functions, including air interface management, access control,
mobility control, and radio resource management.
NOTE
You can find the EXCEL files of performance counter reference for the software version used
on the live network from the product documentation delivered with that version.
FAQ: How do I find the counters related to a certain feature from
performance counter reference?
Step 1 Open the EXCEL file of performance counter reference.
Step 2 On the Counter Summary(En) sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text
Filters and choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, WRFD-170201.
Step 3 Click OK. All counters related to the feature are displayed.
----End
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 6 Glossary
6 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.
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AQM Feature Parameter Description 7 Reference Documents
7 Reference Documents
License Management Feature Parameter Description
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