Date : 12-12-2025 STD 10 Maths chapter 8 Total Marks : 35

* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [20]

1. Given sec θ =
13
, Calculate all other trigonometric ratios.
12

Ans. : Let △ABC be a right-angled triangle, right angled at point B.

It is given that:
hypotenuse AC 13
sec θ = = =
side adjacent to ∠θ AB 12

Let AC = 13k and AB = 12k , where k is a positive integer.

Applying pythagoras theorem in △ABC , we obtain:

2 2 2
AC = AB + BC

2 2 2
BC = AC − AB

2 2 2
BC = (13k) − (12k)

2 2 2
BC = 169k − 144k

2 2
BC = 25k

BC = 5k

side opposite to ∠θ BC 5
sin θ = = =
hypotenuse AC 13

side adjacent to ∠θ
AB 12
cos θ = = =
hypotenuse AC 13

side opposite to ∠θ (BC) 5

tan θ = = =
side adjacent to ∠θ (AB) 12

side adjacent to ∠θ
AB 12
cot θ = = =
side opposite to ∠θ BC 5

hypotenuse AC 13
cosec θ = = =
side opposite to ∠θ BC 5

2. If cot
, evaluate
(1+sin θ)(1−sin θ)
θ =
7

8 (1+cos θ)(1−cos θ)
.

Ans. : Given: cot θ =

7

To Evaluate:
(1+sin θ)(1−sin θ)

(1+cos θ)(1−cos θ)

2 2
1− sin θ cos θ
= 2
= 2
1− cos θ sin θ

= cot2θ

Page 1
 2
7
= ( )
8

49
=
64

3. Evaluate: cos 45
∘
∘

∘
sec 30 + cosec30

Ans. : We have
cos(45 )

∘ ∘
sec(30 )+ cosec(30 )

√2
= 2
+2
√3

√2
=
1
2( +1)
√3

1
=
1+√3
2 √2 ( )
√3

√3
=
2 √2(1+ √3)

it is clear that the denominator has an irrational number, we need to rationalize it,
we get
√3 √2(1− √3)
= ×
2 √2(1+ √3) √2(1− √3)

√2(√3−3)
=
2 2
2(2)( 1 −(√3) )

√6−3 √2
=
4(1−3)

√6−3 √2
=
4(−2)

√6−3 √2
=
−8

3 √2 − √6
=
8

4. Evaluate: ∘
sin 30 +tan 45 − cosec60
∘
∘

∘ ∘
∘

sec 30 +cos 60 +cot 45

Ans. : We have
∘ ∘ ∘
sin 30 +tan 45 − cosec60
∘ ∘ ∘
sec 30 +cos 60 +cot 45

after putting values,we get

1 2
+1−
2 √3
= 2 1
+ +1
√3 2

3 2
−
2 √3
= 3 2
+
2 √3

Rationalise it, we get

3 √3−4
=
3 √3+4

3 √3−4 3 √3−4
= ×
3 √3+4 3 √3−4

2
(3 √3−4 )
= 2 2
(3 √3) −(4 )

27+16−24 √3
=
27−16

43−24 √3
=
11

Page 2
5. If tan (A + B) = –
√3 and tan (A - B) = 1
; 0° < A + B ≤ 90°; A > B, then find A and B.
√3

Ans. : We have,
tan (A + B) = √3
–

⇒tan(A+B) = tan 60°

A + B = 60°..........(i)
Again, tan (A - B ) = √3
1

⇒ tan(A-B) = tan 30°

A - B = 30°..........(ii)
Adding, (i) and (ii)
2A = 90°
A=
∘

∴ =45° 90

Putting A=45 in equation (i), o

B = 60° - A = 60° - 45° = 15°

Therefore,
A = 45° and B = 15°.
6. (1 + tan θ + sec θ ) (1 + cotθ – cosecθ ) =
Ans. :

(1 + tan θ + sec θ)(1 + cot θ − cosec θ)

sin θ 1 cos θ 1
= (1 + + ) (1 + − )
cos θ cos θ sin θ sin θ

cos θ+sin θ+1 sin θ+cos θ−1

= ( )( )
cos θ sin θ

2 2
(sin θ+cos θ) −(1 )
=
sin θ cos θ

2 2
sin θ+ cos θ+2 sin θ cos θ−1
=
sin θ cos θ

1+2 sin θ cos θ−1

=
sin θ cos θ

2 sin θ cos θ
=
sin θ cos θ

= 2

Hence, alternative 2 is correct.

7. Prove the given identity, where the angles involved are acute angles for which
the expressions are defined. cos A

1+sin A
+
1+sin A

cos A
= 2 sec A

Ans. : LHS =
cos A

1+sin A
+
1+sin A

cos A

2 2
2 2
cos A+(1+sin A) cos A+1+ sin A+2 sin A
= =
(1+sin A) cos A (1+sin A) cos A

1+1+2 sin A 2 2
= ∵ sin A + cos A = 1
(1+sin A) cos A

2+2 sin A 2(1+sin A)

= =
(1+sin A) cos A (1+sin A) cos A

2 1
= = 2⋅ = 2 sec A = RHS
cos A cos A

Page 3
 8. Prove the given identity, where the angles involved are acute angles for which
the expressions are defined. cos A−sin A+1

cos A+sin A−1

= cosec A + cot A, using the identity

cosec2 A = 1 + cot2 A
Ans. : Taking L.H.S
cos A−sin A+1

cos A+sin A−1

Dividing Numerator and Denominator by sin A

c os A−sin A+1

sin A
=
c os A+sin A−1

sin A

c os A sin A 1
− +
sin A sin A sin A
= c os A sin A 1
+ −
sin A sin A sin A

Using the formula cot θ =

cos θ

sin θ
=
cot A−1+ cosecA

cot A+1− cosecA

Using the identity cosec2A = 1 + cot2A

2 2
cot A−( cosec A− cot A)+ cosecA
=
cot A+1− cosecA

2 2
(cot A+ cosecA)−( cosec A− cot A)
=
cot A+1− cosecA

(cot A+ cosecA)(1− cosecA+cot A)

=
cot A+1− cosecA

= cot A + cosec A
= R.H.S
9. Prove that: sec A (1 - sin A) (sec A + tan A) = 1
Ans. : L.H.S.
= sec A(1 - sin A)(sec A + tan A)
= 1

cosA
(1 - sin A)( cosA
1
+ sinA

cosA
)
(1−sinA)
= ( )
1+sinA

cosA cosA

(1−sin A)(1+sin A)
= cos A×cos A

2 2

.[ Since, (a - b ) (a + b ) = a2 - b2 ]​​
(1 − sin A)
= cos
2
A

2
(1− sin A)
= cos
2
A

= cos A

cos A
2

=1
=RHS
Hence, proved.
10. Prove that: cot A−cos A
=
cosecA−1

cot A+cos A cosecA+1

Ans. : LHS =
cot A−cos A

cot A+cos A

c os A
−cos A
sin A
= c os A
+cos A
sin A

Page 4
 c os A−sin A c os A

sin A
= c os A+sin A c os A

sin A

cos A(1−sin A)
=
cos A(1+sin A)

1−sin A
=
1+sin A

1
−1
sin A
= 1
+1
sin A

=
cosecA−1

cosecA+1
= RHS

* Given section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [15]

11. Prove the given identities, where the angles involved are acute angles for which
the expressions are defined. (sin A + cosec A)2 + (cos A + sec A)2 = 7 + tan2A +
cot2A

Ans. : To prove: (sinA + cosecA)2 + (cosA + secA)2 = 7 + tan2A + cot2A

taking L.H.S
Using the formula (a+b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab to get,
= (sin2A + cosec2A + 2sinA cosecA) + (cos2A + sec2A + 2 cos A sec A)
Since sinθ = cosecθ
1
and cos θ =
1

sec θ

2 2 1 2 2 1
= (sin A + csc A + 2 sin A ) + (cos A + sec A + 2 cos A )
sin A cos A

= sin2A + cosec2A + 2 + cos2A + sec2A + 2

= (sin2A + cos2A) + cosec2A + sec2A + 2 + 2
Using the identities sin2A + cos2A = 1, sec2A = 1 + tan2A and cosec2A = 1 + cot2A to
get
= 1+ 1 + tan2A + 1 + cot2A + 2 + 2
= 1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + tan2A + cot2A
= 7 + tan2A + cot2A
= R.H.S.
Hence proved
12. Prove the given identity, where the angles involved are acute angles for which
the expressions are defined. tan A

1−cot A
+
cot A

1−tan A
= 1 + sec A cosecA[Hint: Write the
expression in terms of sin θ and cos θ ]
Ans. : LHS
= tan A

1−cot A
+
cot A

1−tan A

= tan A
1
+
tan A

1−tan A
1−
tan A

= tan A
tan A−1
+
1

tan A(1−tan A)
tan A
 2

= tan A

tan A−1
+
tan A(1−tan A)
1

= tan A−1

tan A(tan A−1)

2
(tan A−1)(tan A+tan A+1)
= tan A(tan A−1)

= tan A+tan A+1

tan A

=tan A + 1 + cot A
= sin A

cos A
+
cos A

sin A
+1

2 2

= sin A+ cos A

sin A cos A
+1

= 1

sin A cos A
+1

= sec A cosec A+ 1
= R.H.S
###
L.H.S

tan θ cot θ
= +
1−cot θ 1−tan θ

sin θ c os θ

c os θ sin θ
= c os θ
+ sin θ
1− 1−
sin θ c os θ

sin θ c os θ

c os θ sin θ
= sin θ−c os θ
+ c os θ−sin θ

sin θ c os θ

2 2
sin θ cos θ
= −
cos θ(sin θ−cos θ) sin θ(sin θ−cos θ)

2 2
1 sin θ cos θ
= [ − ]
sin θ−cos θ cos θ sin θ

3
1 sin 3θ−cos θ
= ( )[ ]
sin θ−cos θ sin θ cos θ

2 2
(sin θ−cos θ)(sin θ+ cos θ+sin θ cos θ)
1
= ( )[ ]
sin θ−cos θ sin θ cos θ

(1+sin θ cos θ)
=
(sin θ cos θ)

= sec θ cosec θ + 1

= R.H.S

13. Prove that sin θ−cos θ+1

=
1
, using identity 2
sec θ = 1 + tan θ
2
.
sin θ+cos θ−1 sec θ−tan θ

Ans. : We have to prove that, sin θ−cos θ+1

sin θ+cos θ−1

=
1

sec θ−tan θ
using identity 2 2
sec θ = 1 + tan θ

LHS = sin θ−cos θ+1

sin θ+cos θ−1

=
tan θ−1+sec θ

tan θ+1−sec θ
[ dividing the numerator and denominator by cos θ .]

[ Multiplying and dividing by

(tan θ+sec θ)−1 {(tan θ+sec θ)−1}(tanθ−sec θ)
=
(tan θ−sec θ)+1
=
{(tan θ−sec θ)+1}(tan θ−sec θ)
(tan θ − sec θ) ]
2 2
(tan θ− sec θ)−(tanθ−sec θ)
=
{(tan θ−sec θ)+1}(tan θ−sec θ)
[∵ (a − b)(a + b) = a 2
−b
2
]

=
−1−tan θ+sec θ

(tan θ−sec θ+1)(tan θ−sec θ)

[∵ tan 2
θ − sec
2
θ = −1 ]
 −(tan θ−sec θ+1) −1
= =
(tan θ−sec θ+1)(tan θ−sec θ) tan θ−sec θ

=
1

sec θ−tan θ
=RHS
Hence Proved.
14. Given tan A = 4
, find all other trigonometric ratios of the angle A.
3

Ans. : Let us first draw a right △ ABC

Now, we have given that, tan A = =
BC

AB
4

Therefore, if BC = 4k, then AB = 3k, where k is any positive integer.

Now, by using the Pythagoras Theorem, we have
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 = (4k)2 + (3k)2 = 25k
So, AC = 5k
Now, we can write all the trigonometric ratios using their definitions
BC 4k 4
sin A = = =
AC 5k 5

AB 3k 3
cos A = = =
AC 5k 5

Therefore, cot A = 1

tan A
=
3

4
, cosecA =
1

sin A
=
5

4
and sec A =
1

cos A
=
5

15. In a right triangle ABC, right-angled at B, if tan A = 1, then verify that 2 sin A cos
A = 1.

Ans. : In △ABC, tan A = BC

AB
= 1

i.e., BC = AB

Let AB = BC = k , where k is a positive number.

−−−− −−−−−−
Now, 2
AC = √AB + BC
2

−−−− −−−−− –
2 2
= √(k) + (k) = k√2

Therefore, sin A =
BC

AC
=
1

√2
and cos A =
AB

AC
=
1

√2

So, 2 sin A cos A = 2 (

1

√2
)(
1

√2
) = 1 , which is the required value.

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