Flood Risks and Prevention Strategies
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ScribdTranslationsFlood Risks and Prevention Strategies
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsProfessional School of Accounting
Subject:
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IV
Presented by:
Edison Marcelo Apaza Mamani.
Semestre: IV
Juliaca - 2019
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The term natural disaster refers to the enormous material losses and lives
human, caused by events o natural phenomena coh I see
earthquakesfloodsTsunamis,land slide.
Flooding is called the phenomenon that produces an excess of water, which submerges areas.
of land that are normally found dry. They can occur on flat surfaces in
where the water cannot escape, or it cannot do so quickly enough
to prevent flooding. (INDECI, 2006)
Natural phenomena, such as rain, earthquakes,hurricanes orthe wind turns into
in disaster when they exceed a limit of normality, usually measured through a
parameter.
Some disasters are caused by human activities that disrupt normalcy.
of the environment. Some of these include: environmental pollution,
erroneous and irrational exploitation of renewable natural resources such as forests and
non-renewable land such as minerals, the construction of housing and buildings
in high-risk areas.
Human activity in areas with highprobabilitynatural disasters are known as
[Link]-risk areas without instrumentation or appropriate measures for
Responding to natural disasters or reducing their negative effects are known as zones.
dischargevulnerability.(INDECI, 2011)
Disasters have been classified depending on the disturbing agent that causes it.
origin:
• Geological phenomena: are those in which the dynamics and materials of
interior of the Earth or its surface. Among them are earthquakes, volcanism, the
tsunamis tsunamis y the movements of slopes and soils.
• Hydrometeorological: such as cyclones, floods, hailstorms, rain,
snowfalls, droughts.
• Chemicals: They are those caused by chemical substances such as explosions.
mass poisonings, spillage of contaminating and harmful substances in
waters.
• Sanitary: They are caused by the presence of diseases: epidemics,
endemic diseases and pandemics.
• Socio-organizational: They are caused by large concentrations of people in
shows, marches, rallies, etc
COJELA COMMUNITY OF THE PUSI DISTRICT.
The main problem of this community is that it is located in a flat area and the
sewage systems collapse quickly.
The neighbors demand their new authorities to seek alternatives and solve the
floods that occur continuously during the rainy season
The residents were affected because the waters from the
precipitations entered the roads and even into their homes and businesses. It has been
identified as critical areas the Cojela Community of the District of Pusi, among others
clogged roads in the arteries, and the mud hinder the transit of pedestrians and vehicles.
Causes
They can be:
✓ The flood itself, understood as such the rise of levels
liquids and the generation of high-speed runoff, which originated from
mainly in the magnitude of the storm which was extraordinary in nature.
✓ The existence of highly urbanized areas located on the channels themselves.
and surrounding areas.
✓ The absence of a comprehensive flood risk management should be noted.
as a transcendent cause when analyzing the consequences of
event, mainly regarding the loss of human lives. The lack of
flood risk management was decisive in the lack of implementation
of preventive, corrective, and action measures during the emergency.
✓ The non-existence of a warning system that works correctly.
✓ The evacuation efforts unfolded chaotically and without assistance.
institutional but with the collaboration of the same victims
The main problem when a disaster occurs is that we are not prepared for
confront them, before, during, and after the event:
• Before, because people do not consider the possibility that some disaster could
happen or affect them, even after having suffered for some time, soon nobody
It seems to remember it and does not think that the event may repeat itself later.
• During, because in most cases, the fear and confusion of the moment prevent
that the most appropriate decision is made to protect life and family first
what nothing.
• Afterwards, because in the face of disorder, fear, uncertainty, imbalance and
emotional wear and tear can lead people to make decisions that instead of
benefit them, affect their health and safety more, and because in many situations the
people will need medical, psychological, and economic help in order to get ahead.
the situation.
Preventive measures for rains and floods
During the rainy season, diseases arise that put our health at risk.
Know some measures to take care of your family.
What preventive measures should I follow during the rains?
• Stay alert for announcements from authorities and the measures established by the
Civil Protection Directorate
• Don't risk your life trying to cross water currents.
• Do not throw trash into the water stream
• Locate the temporary shelters and hostels in your municipality.
• If you are in a shelter and show any symptoms or suffer from any
illness, notify the local health team
• Make sure that the water for human consumption is drinkable.
What preventive measures should I follow after the rains?
• Eliminate mosquito breeding sites and apply insecticide in your home.
• If you have a fever or diarrhea, go to the nearest health center.
• Protect yourself from mosquito bites by using repellent or clothing that covers the most.
body parts like long pants and blouses or long-sleeve shirts
• Apply insecticide in your home
How to prevent diseases during this season of rain and heat?
In times of rain and high temperatures, there is a greater risk of contracting certain
diseases. Due to flooding and possible contamination of wells with
drinking water, the population is exposed to ailments such as gastroenteritis,
diarrhea, dehydration, dermatitis, dengue (classic and/or hemorrhagic) and even
respiratory diseases.
To avoid all this, it is necessary for you to take into account the following
recommendations:
• Wash your hands before and after using the bathroom
• Use bathrooms or latrines (proper management of human waste)
• Do not use stagnant water for consumption or hygiene.
• Supervise the proper preparation of food
• Get rid of items that can collect water
• Install mosquito nets on doors and windows
• If possible, use insect repellents
• Make sure that both the yard and the roof of your house are clean and do not accumulate water.
• Remove the grass that may serve as a hiding place for the dengue-transmitting mosquito.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ALVARADO, L (1988). "Slope Protection with Riprap". Chilean Society of
Hydraulic Engineering. National Colloquium - Chile.
HUISA, D (2003). "Analysis of Maximum Floods. Puno- Peru."
INDECI (National Institute of Civil Defense, Peru). 2011. Estimation Manual
of the risk of river flooding. Lima, Peru, 81 p.
INDECI (National Institute of Civil Defense, Peru). 2006. Statistical Compendium
on disaster prevention and management. Lima, Peru, 512 p.–
INDECI (National Institute of Civil Defense, Peru). 2006. Basic manual for the
risk assessment. Lima, Peru, 75 p.