Autonomous University of Santo Domingo

PRIMADA OF AMERICAFounded on October 28, 1538

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTUREEng. Amín bel Hasbún
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTUREArch. Sebastián García

ARQ.-2830 History of Architecture II

Prof. Arch. Francis Bussi – section: 07

BR. Rangelys Y. Classe Baez 100469860

[Link] Morel Carvajal 100520227

THE ROCOCO
DEFINITION AND
Rococo is an artistic movement that originated in France, which is
developed progressively between the years 1720 and 1740. It was characterized by
for its cheerful and provocative style, and the taste for excessive decoration.
It was manifested in painting, architecture, decorative arts, and the
sculpture.

Rococo art developed in the early 18th century, during the period of
transition between the Baroque and Neoclassical art. Although it shares with
the baroque's interest in the profusion of details is distinguished from this
to replace its solemnity and drama with pleasure and
divertimento.

The word rococo comes from the composition of 'rocaille' (stone) and
"shell" (seashell), since in the first designs of the
new style appeared irregular shapes inspired by sea rocks,
algae and shells, very popular in Italy and France during the 17th century. Both
the use of these motifs as the similarity in the achieved effects
they made the term rococo apply to this style.
ORIGINS AND IDEALS
The Rococo architectural style that emerged in France in the early 17th century
it was a kind of response to the Great Style: monumental classicism and the
Baroque style ceremonial, expressed in the architecture and interior of the Palace of
Versailles of Louis XIV and that dominated and influenced all of Europe in the disciplines of:
painting, sculpture, music, furniture design, and architecture.

The art of the 18th century develops amidst great

changes at the philosophical, scientific, and religious level. In the
the Age of Enlightenment numerous emerged in Europe
streams of thought, this variety was manifested in
subjects that until then remained more or less
unified: art, science, and religion. The ideals of the style
Rococo as well as Baroque are based on the consideration
from the ideas of the new enlightened thought, this proposed
the abolition of all preconceived aesthetic ideas, in order to,
from a purely humanistic perspective, redo everything
how much was considered as absolute truth.
HISTORY
Its beginning is usually placed at
death of the French king Louis XIV, who
he had been the highest exponent the
monarchic absolutism, since there the
nobles and the high French bourgeoisie
they were freed from rigidity and formality that
this king had imposed in the court.

As a consequence of that
liberation, the upper classes dedicated themselves
to seek the enjoyment of pleasures of
life. Thus, an artistic style emerged
that, in addition to reflecting these
searches, decorated the palaces with
scenes of home intimacy,
romances, parties, representations
theater, outdoor walks, among
others.
OF THE BAROQUE
AL
The line that separates the
Baroque and Rococo architecture is
very fine regarding ideals
aesthetics that inspire them, without
embargo, one can observe a
great change in the forms of the
constructions y Huh
ornamentation this
transformation responds to
attempt by the architects to
suppress the few influences
religious that still influenced in the
Baroque art. Thus the architecture
Rococo seeks to be an expression
pure of the human being.
 Y
EXTENSION
In the development and extension of
new style within society
Frenchwoman played a key role the
influence of Jeanne Antoinette
Poisson, Marchioness of Pompadour and
lover of the king. His interest in art
that, as an enthusiast, I practiced
advised by François Boucher or
Quentin de LaTour was transmitted to
the wealthy classes of Paris. 1730
it was the period of greatest vitality and
development of Rococo in France, the
style spreads especially thanks to
the French artists and to the
publications of the time.
 WORKS AND HIGHLIGHTS
GERMAIN BOFFRAND François de Cuvilliés

Place Vendôme De
Paris

Cuvilliés Theatre
 JOHANN BALTHASAR

Pilgrimage Church Of
The Fourteen Saints
Helpers
FURNITURE IN THE
During this period, a style called Louis XV was created, in
attention to the dominant aesthetic taste at court. This
style became an international fashion. The
cabinetmaking would be characterized by the use of varnishing and
bronze marquetry. The most commonly used motifs
they were the floral ones, although they were also applied
rock inlays, masks and scenes.

Likewise, furniture design started for the

relaxed presence of the nobles in the court, thing
that until then it was not usual. This brought with it the
development of the art of upholstery for furniture.
 AND ARTISTS
HIGHLIGHTS
Painting "The Pleasures of Dance"
by Antoine Watteau
 Girl with
dog, Jean-Honoré
Fragonard.
 Portrait of
Madame Pompadour
Francois Boucher.
 of
John the Baptist Simeon
Chardin.
ARCHITECTURE, CHARACTERISTICS AND
ELEMENTS OF ROCOCO
ARCHITECTURE IN
THE ROCOCO
In architecture, the concept of interior appeared.
as part of the architectural design, both in
the decoration as in the search for
comfort.
The exterior of the buildings became less rigid.
and simpler, setting aside the elements
characteristic of traditional classical orders
to avoid effects of solemnity. Thus, the
facades were flattened and simplified.
However, in the interiors, the ornamentation
began to take very elegant shapes and
refined with the characteristics
rocaille ornamentations and the use of
paintings, tapestries, rugs and furniture
luxurious.
In France, the Rococo was primarily used in
private palaces. In contrast, in Germany,
where it was widely spread, the style applied to
public and private buildings, and even to
religious buildings.
MOST IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF
ROCOCO IN ARCHITECTURE
The focus on the comfort and enjoyment of those who inhabited those spaces.
The use of wavy and curved shapes in ornamentation.
The search for creating cheerful and bright environments, with special attention to
lighting through windows, mirrors, crystal lamps, light colors and the
use of gold and silver in ornamental reliefs.
Ornamental freedom through the use of a wide variety of resources, but
always with the aim of creating light, cheerful, comfortable, and intimate environments.
Decorative arts gained much importance: furniture, tapestries,
lamps, etc.
A broad development of building construction for leisure: pavilions of
hunting, small summer palaces, country cabins, intimate spaces.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCOCO
The name 'rococo' comes from a type of decoration common in the
period, called rocaille, which is made up of seashells, snail shells and
asymmetrical, fanciful, and curvilinear rocks.
I sought to reflect the pleasure of the members of the upper classes of the
society: the aristocracy and the wealthy bourgeoisie.
This gave rise to the emergence of new decorative and pictorial genres.
musicals. For example, in painting, the fête galante, scenes of people
dedicated to courtship; and to fun or country fête, scenes of parties
carried out in gardens.
The grand themes, solemn scenes, and the imposing were replaced.
from the Baroque, the previous style, for fun, sensual, cheerful themes,
refined and outgoing.
MATERIALS
USED
Among the materials used in the
Rococo style features wood
carved, iron, and bronze,
used in construction of
balustrades and portals.

A distinctive element is the gold.

what covers the cold materials
metallic, more acceptable for the
implementation in non-environments
profanes.
ARCHITECTURE IN FRANCE, SPAIN
AND ITALY
ITALY SPAIN
France is the cradle of style and since
here it extends to the rest of Europe,
especially to the Spanish-speaking countries
Germanic where it gains strength
extraordinary, due to the strong
relationships of Frederick II of Prussia with
the Crown of France.
Among the most representatives
we highlight Jean
Courtonne has Robert de Cotte
appointed court architect and
that for 30 years intervened in the
almost all of the works
important changes that were made in
France.
MUSIC IN THE ROCOCO
JEAN PHILIPPE RAMEAU GEORG PHILIPP TELEMANN
THE ROCOCO AND THE
CATHOLIC CHURCH

A critical view of the Rococo in the

contexto eclesiástico fue sostenida a la
Catholic encyclopedia. For the church, the
Rococo style could be likened to Music
profane, opposed to sacred Music.
The lack of simplicity, the exteriority
and the frivolity had the effect of distracting
of recollection and prayer.
Nonetheless, having removed its exteriority more
explicit, the result could be accepted
as in harmony with an environment
dedicated to worship. In the development of
Rococo, we find a decoration
compatible with the sacred aspect of the
churches.
SCULPTURE IN THE
ROCOCO
Antonio Corradini (1688-
1752). He was an Italian painter
who worked in the service of the
court of Charles VI. It was
known for the way in which
he dealt with the garments,
especially the effect of
transparencies. Some of
his most discussed works
The woman with a veil (Faith)
and Modesty, too
called The Veiled Truth.
SCULPTURE IN THE
ROCOCO
Étienne-Maurice Falconet
(France, 1716 - 1791). He was one
of the protected of the
Marquise de Pompadour.
Some art researchers
they study him as a figure of
the transition to neoclassicism.
Among his works stand out:
Menacing Cupid (1757) and
Pygmalion and Galatea (1763)).
decline
In France, Rococo architecture lasted until the late 1980s.
18th century, in contrast to England and North America, where there was not
absolutely rooted. Although attacks on the style began to appear
Since its inception, it was difficult to maintain aesthetic balance. What at
at first it was considered light, cheerful, and elegant, years later it
it became degeneration of art and superficiality.
As if it were a pendulum, over time it triumphed once again.
drawing about color and, under the command of philosophical thought and
politician, art returned to academicism, to moralization and to
state propaganda, more in line with the era of the Enlightenment and the
reason. Thus, neoclassical art was born.