Individual Data Control Charts Guide
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ScribdTranslationsIndividual Data Control Charts Guide
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsIndividual Data and Moving Ranges (Graphs)
When we talk about XBar-R and XBar-S control charts, we take rational subgroups,
whose size is normally 5. As the size of the rational subgroup becomes larger,
increase the sensitivity of the control charts to detect changes in the mean or the
variability.
On some occasions, for practical reasons, it is convenient to take subgroups of size 1, in
In this case, we will work with the X-Rm control chart, for individual data and moving ranges.
If we are sampling some type of liquid, the behavior is generally homogeneous in
as for its properties, so that if we take five samples to form a subgroup
rationally, we would realize that the readings would be practically identical. So, in these
In such cases, it would be sufficient to take a rational subgroup of size 1.
In some cases, production is too low, for example if one product is made per hour, by
day, per week or some long time interval. In that case, it makes no sense to form subgroups
rationales of various products, since during the period when those products were manufactured the
the conditions of the process may have changed, so the sample condition is not met for
it should be a rational subgroup. In this case, it would be appropriate to work with control charts of data.
individuals and mobile ranges.
It has been previously mentioned that there is a relationship between the standard deviation of the variable
original and the mean range, which is given by:
Calculation of Control Limits
We will make use of the two previous equations in the deduction of the control limits of Data
Individuals.
For the control chart of moving ranges, we have that the moving range is a range calculated over
of values, we will remember that for the Range chart, in the post about the XBar control chart-
We had found that the control charts for the range are:
1
So for this case of the mobile range, the equations for the control chart limits of the Range
Mobile, it would remain:
In summary, we have the control charts of Individual Data and Moving Ranges (X-Rm),
would remain. For the Individual Data chart:
And for the Moving Ranges chart:
In the following table there are 40 data points, in it the moving range Rm is calculated, as well as the
averages of the values X and the mean ranges.
2
The mobile range for the value xn is calculated as:
The formulas for calculating control charts are shown below:
For the individual data control chart:
3
And for the control chart of moving ranges:
It can be seen in the constant table for control charts that when the size of the
subgroup is two, as in this case, where the moving range is calculated over two values
consecutive:
With this information, we can calculate the control limits of the X-Rm charts.
The limits for the individual data control chart and the individual data values X,
we would have left:
With this information, we can build the graphs of
control X-Rm.
4
While the limits for the control chart of moving ranges and the values of the ranges
mobiles, it remains as shown:
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Individual Data Exercises and Moving Ranges