Wood Working or Carpentry
Trees
Exogenous Endogenous
Conifers Deciduous
Soft woods Hard woods
Fig 1. Cross-section of a tree
7.1.3 Soft wood and hard wood
i. Making, measuring and inspecting tools
ii. Cutting tools
iii. Planing tools
iv. Boring and drilling tools
v. Fixing and striking tools
vi. Holding and miscellaneous tools
i. Making, measuring and inspecting tools
1) Pencil
2) Pencil compass
3) Carpenter’s folding rule
4) Carpenter’s steel rule
5) Straight edge
6) Try square
7) Bevel and mitre square
8) Marking knife
9) The cutting gauge
10) Divider
11) Caliper
12) Trammel
Pencil compass Carpenter’s folding rule
Carpenter’s steel rule
Straight edge
Try square Bevel square
Marking knife
The cutting gauge
Caliper
Trammel
ii. Cutting tools
1) Saw
2) Axe
3) Chisel
Types of Saws
Axe
iii. Planing tools
Rebate plane
iv Boring tools
bradawl plain gimlet
v. Striking tools
Craw hammer Mallet
vi. Holding tools
1) Carpenter’s bench
2) Bench vice
3) Bar Cramp
4) Cramps and screws
vi. Holding tools
Carpenter’s bench Bench vice
vi. Holding tools
Bar Cramp
C-cramp
i. Plain or butt joints ii. Lap joints
1) Straight joint 1) Mortise and tenon joint
2) Corner joint 2) Lap dovetail joint
3) Dowel pin joint 3) T-lap joint
4) Splice joint 4) Corner lap joint
5) Feather joint 5) Cross lap joint
6) Briddle joint
7) Shoulder angle (M&T)
joint
8) Open or through dovetail
joint
i. Plain or butt joints
Straight joint
Mitred corner joint Square corner joint
i. Plain or butt joints
Dowel pin joint
Splice joint
i. Plain or butt joints
Feather or tongue joint
ii. Lap joints
Mortise and tenon joint
ii. Lap joints
Lap dovetail joint
ii. Lap joints
T-lap joint
ii. Lap joints
Corner lap joint
ii. Lap joints
Cross lap joint
ii. Lap joints
Briddle joint
ii. Lap joints
Shoulder angle (M&T) joint
ii. Lap joints
Open or through dovetail joint
1) Making, measuring and laying out
2) Sawing
3) Planing
4) Chiselling
5) Mortising and tenoning
6) Boring
7) Grooving
8) Moulding
9) Rebating
10) Recessing
Grooving
Rebating
i. Making, measuring and inspecting tools
ii. Cutting tools
iii. Planing tools
iv. Boring and drilling tools
v. Fixing and striking tools
vi. Holding and miscellaneous tools
i. Making, measuring and inspecting tools
1) Pencil
2) Pencil compass
3) Carpenter’s folding rule
4) Carpenter’s steel rule
5) Straight edge
6) Try square
7) Bevel and mitre square
8) Marking knife
9) The cutting gauge
10) Divider
11) Caliper
12) Trammel
ii. Cutting tools
1) Saw
2) Axe
3) Chisel
vi. Holding tools
1) Carpenter’s bench
2) Bench vice
3) Bar Cramp
4) Cramps and screws
i. Plain or butt joints ii. Lap joints
1) Straight joint 1) Mortise and tenon joint
2) Corner joint 2) Lap dovetail joint
3) Dowel pin joint 3) T-lap joint
4) Splice joint 4) Corner lap joint
5) Feather joint 5) Cross lap joint
6) Briddle joint
7) Shoulder angle (M&T)
joint
8) Open or through dovetail
joint
1) Making, measuring and laying out
2) Sawing
3) Planing
4) Chiselling
5) Mortising and tenoning
6) Boring
7) Grooving
8) Moulding
9) Rebating
10) Recessing