Discrete Probability Distribution Explained
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ScribdTranslationsDiscrete Probability Distribution Explained
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsDISCRETE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION.
A random variable is discrete if its value is obtained by simple counting, and normally these values are
integers. If a variable 'X' can take a series of discrete values x1, x2, …,xkwith probabilities P1, P2,
…, Pk, such that: P1+ P2+P3+…….+Pk= 1, then it is said that a distribution has been defined for 'X'
discrete probability; in the same way, a probability function P can be associatedi= f(xi), i=1,2,….,k
that asociieXia probabilityPi.
MATHEMATICAL EXPECTATION E(X)
The mathematical expectation (or expected value) of a random variable 'x' is defined as:
Note: If the probability of X is consideredIas a relative frequency, it has to
E(X) is the average value of 'X'.
Property: E(a Xi + b) = a E(Xi) + b
Example (Problem 383)
A box contains 5 defective nuts and 5 non-defective nuts, from which 2 nuts are extracted.
randomly without replacement. If X is the random variable: number of defective nuts obtained
in extraction, determine the expected value of X.
A) 0.5 B) 1 C) 1,2 D) 1.25 E) 1.5
SOLUTION:
X 0 1 2
P(x) 5 4 5 55 5 5 4
+
10 9 10 910 9 10 9
20 50 20
VE = 0x + 1x + 2x = 1 Key B
90 90 90
368.- A normal die is rolled 10 times, what is the probability of getting at least one
odd number?
A) 0.875 B) 0.9990 C) 0.887 D) 0.675 E) 0.564
369. Given the equiprobable sample space:
S 1,2,3,4,5,6andtheevents:E 2,4,6 ; F 4, 5, 6, find
P E / F.
1 1 2 5
A) B) C) D) E) 1
3 2 3 6
369. If two fair dice are rolled, find the probability that
Two dice show 6, given that at least one die shows a 6.
1 1 1 2 2
A) B) C) D) E)
11 12 9 9 6
369. La probabilidad que el agua pase por cada ducto del circuito es 0,8,
What is the probability that the water does not reach point B?
0.4% B) 0.6% C) 0.8% D) 0.82% E) 0.84%
369. The probability that a scheduled flight does not depart normally.
time is 0.17, the probability that it does not arrive on time is 0.18, the
The probability of leaving and arriving on time is 0.78. Determine the
probability that an airplane:
He arrived on time, since he left on time.
He left on time, since he arrived on time.
Provide as a response the sum of the results.
A) 1.00 B) 1.12 C) 1.25 D) 1.55 E) 1.89
369. A random 10-digit number is chosen whose sum of digits
It is 88. Calculate the probability that it is even.
7 9 6 8 9
A) B) C) D) E)
50 55 65 55 50
369. Two people A and B play by rolling a die, one after the other,
the winner is the one who gets the first "one". Calculate the probability of winning.
To the game, if he starts first.
5 25 3 6 6
A) B) C) D) E)
36 36 11 11 13
369. The probability of at least one accident occurring in 1 km of a
1
the road is . What is the probability of at least one occurring?
3
accident on 3 km of that road?
2 5 6 19 8
A) B) C) D) E)
19 13 27 27 13
369. A building consists of 5 floors with 3 apartments per floor. Determine
the probability that two parents, chosen at random
belong to departments that are at least separated by 3
floors.
A) 0.0857 B) 0.0868 C) 0.0914 D) 0.921 E) 0.953
369. A random variable has the following probability function:
x 1 2 3 4 5
P(x) k 4k k 9k 5k
Determine P x 3 P
x 2
A) 0.35 B) 0.45 C) 0.55 D) 0.75 E) 0.80
Let x be a discrete random variable whose probability distribution
is shown in the following table.
x 0 1 2 3
P(x) 0.3 0.2
If the expected value of x is 1.6; determine P 0 x 3.
A) 0.2 B) 0.5 C) 0.7 D) 0.8 E) 0.9
369. A computer store acquired three computers of one type at
500 dollars each. She will sell them for 1000 dollars each.
The manufacturer committed to reacquiring any computer that is not
sold after a specified period, at 200 dollars each
Let x be the number of computers sold.
SiP 0 0.1 ; P 2 0.3 y P 3 0.4 with h(x) denoting the utility
associated with the sale of x units. Calculate the expected value of h(x).
A) 600 B) 700 C) 750 D) 800 E) 900
369. Let E be the random experiment that consists of tossing a coin.
three times and let X be the random variable that indicates the number of times heads comes up
in the result. Determine the expected value of X.
3 3 3
A) B) C) D) 2 E) 4
8 4 2
From the set of three-digit numbers in the ternary system, one is chosen
at random one of them. If X is the random variable that represents the sum
From the digits of the chosen number, determine the expected value of X.
101 35 5 7 3
A) B) C) D) E)
18 18 2 2 4