Car Motion and Meeting Point Calculations
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ScribdTranslationsSolved Exercises PR2
1. A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly until it reaches a speed of
45 km/h in 8 seconds, then travels at this speed for a certain amount of time;
Finally, the brakes are applied and the car stops in an additional 30 seconds. If the
the total distance traveled is 800 m.
What is the total time spent?
Solución:
V0= 0 VB = 45 km/h Vc= 45km/h V0 = 0
Segment II Section III
Section I X
A B C D
T2 = ? T = 30 s
T=8s
A3 = ?
A1 = ?
X1 X2 X3
D = 800 m
The total time is the sum of the times for each segment, that is:
t T =t 1 +t 2+t 3 (1)
We observe that t1 and t3 are known data, while t2 is unknown; it can be calculated from the
section B-C using:
x2
x 2=v Bt 2→t 2= (2)
vB
x 1+ x2 +x 3=d→x2=d−x 1−x 3 (3)
1
x 1=v0 t+ a1 t 12
2
Since V0 = 0 (the car starts from rest)
1
x 1= a1t 12 ( 4)
2
Finally, the acceleration 'a' is determined by setting up the equation (A-B)
v f =v 0 +a1t 1
vf
v f =a1 t 1 → a 1 = 5
t1
1000 km 1 hour m
Where:vf=v B=45 x x =12.5
h 1 km 3600 s s
We replace data:
m
12.5
vf s1,6m
a 1= = =
t1 8s s2
Substituting the value into equation (4):
1 1 m
x 1= a1t 21= 1.6
2 2 ( s )
2
( 8s2) =51.2m
1
x 3=v 0 t 3+ a3t 32 (6)
2
v f =v 0 +a3t 32(7)
From equation (7), Vf = 0, since the car comes to a stop. And we solve for a3.
−v km m
a 3= 0where:v0=v C =45 =12.5
t3 h s
m
−12.5
s m
a 3= =−0.4
30s s2
The negative sign indicates that the movement is decelerated.
Replacing the values of a3 in equation (6)
1
x 3=v 0 t 3+ a3t 32
2
m( 1 m
x 3=12.5 30
s
)+
seconds
2( s )
−0.4 2 (30s2) =195.0m
We substitute the values of x1 and x3 into equation (3)
x 1+ x2 + x 3=d→x2=d−x 1−x 3
x 2=d −x 1−x 3= ( 800−51.2−195m=553.8m
)
And we take the result to (2)
x2
x 2=v Bt 2→t 2=
vB
553.8m
t 2= =44.3s
m
12.5
s
Finally in equation (1)
t T =t 1 +t 2+t 3= ( 8+44.3+30s=82.3s
)
Where 82.3 seconds is the time taken by the car to cover 800 m.
At a specific moment (t0 = 0), two heavy trucks A and B are moving in the
same direction and speed with velocities of 12 and 5 feet/s respectively, and
2
accelerations of 1 foot/ sand 2 feet/s2respectively. If at that moment truck B is
find 20 feet in front of A.
How much time must pass for both trucks to be side by side?
At what distance from the initial point A does the meeting occur?
Solution:
d XB
V0B
V0A B A
A
XA B
Data:
1 foot
V0A=12 ft/s ; a=A
s2
2 pies
V0B=5 feet/s ; a=B
s2
1
x A=v 0At+ a At 2 (1)
2
1
x B =v 0 Bt+ aBt 2 (2)
2
x A= x B +d (3)
We replace (1) and (2) in (3)
x A= x B +d
1 1
v 0 At + a At 2=v 0 Bt+ a Bt 2 +d
2 2
1
a−at2+ V−Vt+
( 0 Bd=0
2( A B ) 0A )
2
( a−at
A +B2V−Vt+2
) ( 0 Bd =00 A )
2
(2−1) t+2(5−12) t + 2(20) = 0
t 2−14t+ 40=0
Solving the quadratic equation: (GENERAL FORMULA)
−b ± b√2−4ac
x=
2a
− (−14 ) ± √ (−14 ) −4 ( 1 ) ( 40 )
2
x=
2( )
1
t1 = 4 s ; t2 =10 s
Given that both results are positive, we must conclude that there are two points of
meeting:
The first one when A finds B and surpasses him.
The second when B, due to its greater acceleration, increases its speed more rapidly and
find A.
1st meeting point
Equation (1)
1
x A=v 0 At+ a At 2
2
pies( 1 foot
( )
2
x A=12 4s ) + 1 ( 4s ) =56 pies
s 2 s 2
From equation (3)
x A= x B +d
1
x B + d=v 0 B t + a B t 2 +d
2
pies( 1 foot
( )
2
¿5 4 s )+ 2 ( 4 s ) =56 feet
s 2 s 2
2nd meeting point
Equation (1)
1
x A=v 0At+ a At 2
2
pies( 1 foot
( )
2
x A=12 10s )+ 1 ( 10 seconds
) =170 pies
s 2 s 2
From equation (3)
x A= x B +d
1
x B + d=v 0 B t+ a B t 2 +d
2
pies( 1 foot 10 seconds2
¿5
s
10 seconds
)+2
2 ( s2 )
( ) =170 pies
3. From your current address to the University of Los Andes, please provide the distance.
(d=………………m ; km) and the speed at which it normally progresses in its trajectory
(v=…………………s ; h).
Calculate the arrival time at the university or other values, according to your analysis.
(CONDUCT IN CLASS IN A PERSONAL WAY)
4. Using a vehicle as a study object, exemplify and explain; Where is
How is physics applied in a vehicle (systems, subsystems, engine, etc.)?