Thermodynamics: Ideal Gas Problems
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsThermodynamics: Ideal Gas Problems
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsAlumno: Romero Cubas Germán Smith
PROBLEMS TO SOLVE
19.1 Two moles of ideal gas are heated at constant pressure from T = 27°C to T = 107°C. a) Draw
a PV graph for this process. b) Calculate the work done by the gas.
Six moles of ideal gas are in a cylinder equipped at one end with a movable piston.
the initial temperature of the gas is 27.0°C and the pressure is constant. As part of a design project
machinery, calculate the final temperature of the gas after it has performed 2.40 × 103Job J.
19.6 A gas is subjected to two processes. In the first, the volume remains constant at 0.200 m3 and the
pressure increases from 2.00 *105At 5.00 * 105The second process is a compression to a volume
0.120 m3at a constant pressure of 5.00 * 105a) Represent both processes in a pV graph. b)
Calculate the total work done by the gas during the two processes.
19.7 Work done in a cyclic process. a) In figure 19.7a, consider the closed cycle 1.→3→2
→4→1, which is a cyclical process where the initial and final states are the same. Calculate the total work.
performed by the system in this process and demonstrate that it is equal to the area enclosed by that cycle. b)
What is the relationship between the work done by the process in part a) and the work done if a distance is covered?
the cycle in the opposite direction, 1→4→ 2→3→ 1? Explain your answer.
Figure E19.8 shows a pV diagram for an ideal gas where the absolute temperature at b is
a quarter of the absolute temperature in a. a) What volume does this gas occupy at point b? b) How many
how much work was done by or on the gas in this process? Was the work done by the gas or
about this? c) Did the internal energy of the gas increase or decrease? a b? How do you know? d) Is the heat
entered or left the gas of a b? How do you know?
19.16 A system is taken from state a to b along the three paths shown in figure E19.16. a) Why
Is the work done by the system maximum? And minimum? b) If UbUa, which
trajectory is greater than the absolute value of| heat
| transfer? For this trajectory, does the system
Does it absorb or release heat?
19.18 During an isothermal compression of an ideal gas, it is necessary to extract 335 J of heat from the gas to
maintain a constant temperature. How much work does the gas do during the process?
A cylinder contains 0.250 moles of carbon dioxide (CO2)2gaseous at a temperature of
27.0°C. The cylinder has a frictionless piston, which maintains a constant pressure of 1.00 atm.
about the gas. The gas is heated until its temperature rises to 127.0°C. Suppose that the CO2himself
It can be treated as an ideal gas. a) Draw a pV graph for this process. b) How much work is done by the
gas in this process? c) What is that work done on? d) How much does the internal energy change of the
gas? e) How much heat was supplied to the gas? f) How much work would have been done if the pressure had
side of 0.50 atm?
19.24 Three moles of a monatomic ideal gas expand at a constant pressure of 2.50 atm;
the gas volume changes from 3.20 * 10-2m3a 4.50 * 10-2m3a) Calculate the initial and final temperatures of
{"a":"gas.","b":"Calculate the amount of work done by the gas during expansion.","c":"Determine the amount of heat."}
added to the gas. d) Calculate the change in internal energy of the gas.
19.31 Two moles of carbon monoxide (CO) are at a pressure of 1.2 atm and occupy a volume of
30 liters. Then, the gas is compressed adiabatically to that volume. Assume that the gas has
ideal behavior. How much does its internal energy change? Does the internal energy increase or decrease?
Does the temperature of the gas increase or decrease during the process? Explain your answer.
19.35On a warm summer day, a large mass of air (atmospheric pressure 1.01 * 105Pa) se
heats up with the ground to a temperature of 26.0°C and then starts to rise through the surrounding air
colder. (This can be approximated as an adiabatic process. Why?). Calculate the
temperature of the air mass when it has risen to a level where the atmospheric pressure is only
0.850 * 105Assume that air is an ideal gas with γ = 1.40. (This cooling rate with dry air
ascent, which corresponds approximately to 1°C per 100 m of height, is called gradient
dry adiabatic
19.42 A thermodynamic system is taken from the stateThe state of the figure P19.42 following the
trajectory → → , or the trajectory → → By the trajectory → → the work
The work done by the system is 450 J. Due to the trajectory → → Wes of 120 J. The internal energies
de los cuatro estados que se ilustran en la figura son:Ua= 150 J,Ub= 240 J,Uc= 680 J yUd= 330 J.
Calculate the heat flow Q for each of the four processes: → , → , → y → In each
process, does the system absorb or release heat?
19.46 Three moles of ideal gas go through the cycle → → from figure P19.46. For this gas, Cp=
29.1 J/mol*K. The process → it is carried out at constant pressure, the process → is carried out at volume
constant and the process → it is adiabatic. The temperature of the gas in states a, c, and b is Ta= 300 K
Tc= 492 K and Tb= 600 K. Calcule el trabajo total W del ciclo.