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Python Tuples

A tuple is a collection used to store multiple items in a single variable. Tuples are one of
Python's 4 built-in collection data types (along with List, Set, and Dictionary).

• Key Properties: A tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable (immutable).

• Syntax: Tuples are written with round brackets ().

Python

# Create a Tuple:

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

print(thistuple)

Core Characteristics

Tuple Items

Tuple items have three main characteristics:

1. Ordered: The items have a defined order that will not change.

2. Unchangeable: You cannot change, add, or remove items after the tuple has been
created.

3. Allow Duplicates: Since tuples are indexed, they can contain items with the same value.

Python

# Tuples allow duplicate values:

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "apple", "cherry")

print(thistuple)

Tuple Length

To get the number of items in a tuple, use the len() function.

Python
thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

print(len(thistuple))

# Output: 3

Create Tuple With One Item

This is a common point of confusion. To create a tuple with only one item, you must add a
comma after the item.

Python

# A tuple (note the comma)

thistuple = ("apple",)

print(type(thistuple))

# Output: <class 'tuple'>

# NOT a tuple (this is just a string)

thistuple = ("apple")

print(type(thistuple))

# Output: <class 'str'>

Data Types

Tuple items can be of any data type, and a single tuple can contain a mix of different data
types.

Python

# A tuple with strings, integers and boolean values:

tuple1 = ("abc", 34, True, 40, "male")

The tuple() Constructor

You can also create a tuple using the tuple() constructor. (Note the double round-brackets).

Python

thistuple = tuple(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))

print(thistuple)
 Python Collection Types

• List: Ordered and changeable. Allows duplicate members. []

• Tuple: Ordered and unchangeable. Allows duplicate members. ()

• Set: Unordered and unindexed. No duplicate members. {}

• Dictionary: Ordered (as of Python 3.7) and changeable. No duplicate keys. {key: value}

Accessing Items

Access by Index

Access items by using their index number inside square brackets [].

Note: The first item has index [0].

Python

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

print(thistuple[1])

# Output: "banana"

Negative Indexing

Negative indexing starts from the end. -1 is the last item, -2 is the second-to-last, etc.

Python

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

print(thistuple[-1])

# Output: "cherry"

Range of Indexes (Slicing)

Slicing lets you get a range of items, which returns a new tuple.

The syntax is [start:end].

• The start index is included.

• The end index is excluded.

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "melon", "mango")

# Return the third, fourth, and fifth item:

print(thistuple[2:5])

# Output: ('cherry', 'orange', 'kiwi')

# From the beginning to index 4 (not included):

print(thistuple[:4])

# Output: ('apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange')

# From index 2 to the end:

print(thistuple[2:])

# Output: ('cherry', 'orange', 'kiwi', 'melon', 'mango')

# Negative range:

print(thistuple[-4:-1])

# Output: ('orange', 'kiwi', 'melon')

Check if Item Exists

Use the in keyword to check if an item is present in a tuple.

Python

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

if "apple" in thistuple:

print("Yes, 'apple' is in the fruits tuple")

Because tuples are immutable, you cannot change them directly.

The Workaround: You must convert the tuple to a list, make your changes, and then convert the
list back into a tuple.

Change Tuple Values

Python

x = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

y = list(x)

y[1] = "kiwi"

x = tuple(y)

print(x)

# Output: ('apple', 'kiwi', 'cherry')

Add Items

1. Convert to a list:

Python

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

y = list(thistuple)

[Link]("orange")

thistuple = tuple(y)

2. Add tuple to a tuple (Concatenation):

You can add two tuples together using the + operator.

Python

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

y = ("orange",) # Note the comma!

thistuple += y
print(thistuple)

# Output: ('apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange')

Remove Items

You cannot remove items from a tuple.

• Use the same list conversion workaround.

• Or, you can delete the tuple completely with the del keyword.

Python

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

del thistuple

# print(thistuple) # This will raise an error because the tuple no longer exists

Unpacking Tuples

Packing is when we assign values to a tuple.

fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

Unpacking is when we extract those values back into variables.

Python

fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

(green, yellow, red) = fruits

print(green) # Output: apple

print(yellow) # Output: banana

print(red) # Output: cherry

Note: The number of variables must match the number of values in the tuple.

Using Asterisk *
If the number of variables is less than the number of values, use an asterisk * on a variable
name. This variable will receive the remaining values as a list.

Python

# Using * on the last variable

fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry", "strawberry", "raspberry")

(green, yellow, *red) = fruits

print(green) # Output: apple

print(yellow) # Output: banana

print(red) # Output: ['cherry', 'strawberry', 'raspberry']

Python

# Using * on a middle variable

fruits = ("apple", "mango", "papaya", "pineapple", "cherry")

(green, *tropic, red) = fruits

print(green) # Output: apple

print(tropic) # Output: ['mango', 'papaya', 'pineapple']

print(red) # Output: cherry

Looping

for Loop

Iterate through the items and print the values.

Python

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

for x in thistuple:

print(x)
Loop Through Index Numbers

You can also loop using range() and len().

Python

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

for i in range(len(thistuple)):

print(thistuple[i])

while Loop

Python

thistuple = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

i=0

while i < len(thistuple):

print(thistuple[i])

i=i+1

Joining & Multiplying

Join Two Tuples (+)

Use the + operator to combine two tuples into a new one.

Python

tuple1 = ("a", "b" , "c")

tuple2 = (1, 2, 3)

tuple3 = tuple1 + tuple2

print(tuple3)

# Output: ('a', 'b', 'c', 1, 2, 3)

Multiply Tuples (*)

Use the * operator to multiply the content of a tuple.

fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")

mytuple = fruits * 2

print(mytuple)

# Output: ('apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'apple', 'banana', 'cherry')

Tuple Methods

Tuples have only two built-in methods because they are immutable.

count()

Returns the number of times a specified value appears in the tuple.

Python

thistuple = (1, 3, 7, 8, 7, 5, 4, 6, 8, 5)

x = [Link](5)

print(x)

# Output: 2

index()

Searches the tuple for a specified value and returns the position of its first occurrence.

Python

thistuple = (1, 3, 7, 8, 7, 5, 4, 6, 8, 5)

x = [Link](8)

print(x)

# Output: 3