Understanding Dental Diseases and Treatments
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ScribdTranslationsUnderstanding Dental Diseases and Treatments
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsNATIONAL UNIVERSITY 'SAN LUIS GONZAGA'
Preventive Health and Social Dentistry II
“Conocimiento de las Enfermedades
Bucco-Dental
Caries
Caries is a disease characterized by the
destruction of dental tissue caused by the
acids released by bacteria deposited in the
surface of the teeth. If left untreated, it produces
destruction of the hard tissues of the tooth, and
inflammation and subsequent necrosis (death) of the
dental pulp
Caries - Causative Factors
It is produced from the outside in, in the form of
arrow, and it depends on four factors:
Guest: If there is little dental hygiene.
Time: If left untreated.
Diet: Due to high diets in
carbohydrates.
Bacteria: Certain bacteria
they produce acids and polysaccharides
that cause damage to the tooth.
Caries - Clasificación
Active caries: It is of rapid evolution, it has a
yellowish coloration with a soft and moist appearance.
Chronic caries: It has a slow progression, it has a
dark coloration and hard consistency.
Rampant caries: It evolves very quickly, they are
cavities that affect many teeth, in a short time
they destroy a lot of dental tissue.
Caries - Treatment
It will consist of two fundamental parts:
The first will be the elimination of the infectious agent and
dental tissues affected by the infection.
The second part will be the restoration or rehabilitation
of the tooth. In case of impossibility of restoration,
the extraction of the tooth will be the treatment to be performed.
Bacterial plaque
It is a colorless, sticky movie.
composed of bacteria and
sugars that form and adhere
constantly about our
teeth. It is the main cause of
cavities and disease of
gums can harden and
become tartar if not
withdraw daily.
Plaque - Treatment
Brushing teeth: After each meal, with
a toothpaste that contains fluoride. It is
It's important not to be abrupt.
Use of dental floss: To avoid
the accumulation of
bacteria between the teeth.
Gingivitis
Gingivitis is a bacterial oral disease that
it causes inflammation and bleeding of the gums, caused by
for the food remains that get trapped between
the teeth. It causes periodontal pockets, mobility
dental, excessive and spontaneous bleeding, and loss
of the alveolar bone that supports the teeth, with the
high possibility of losing dental pieces.
Gingivitis - Treatment
The dentist will remove the plaque.
Will teach how to brush correctly.
I will recommend the appropriate toothpaste and the toothbrush.
To relieve pain and discomfort, he/she will prescribe.
medications.
In very advanced cases, surgery may be performed.
Periodontitis
Periodontitis, commonly known as pyorrhea, is a
chronic and irreversible disease that may present with a
initial gingivitis, followed by recession
gingival and bone loss up to, in case it is not
treated, leaving the tooth without bone support.
Features:
Gingival Sulcus Deepening
It is the space between the tooth and the
In a healthy person, this measures
between one and two millimeters of
depth. If it measures more than three
millimeters, there is a deepening
pathological, most of which corresponds to
a periodontal bag.
Characteristics:
2) Redness: a result of inflammation.
3) Increase in volume: caused by edema,
also consecutive to the inflammation caused by
an infection.
4) Loss of the superficial stippling of the gum.
The appearance of the mucosa no longer has that kind of
orange skin that characterized her good health.
5) Bleeding or suppuration. The bleeding is almost
frequent due to congestion but the presence of pus
it is already a sign of infection and progression of the
disease.
6) Pain: it is uncommon, more present in diseases.
Systemic.
7) Gum recession: the tissue retracts and goes
abandoning its function of covering the root of the tooth
and therefore, it leaves it unprotected, neither supports it nor
feeds as necessary, causing sensitivity
dentinaria (pain in response to cold and heat).
Periodontitis - Treatment
Mechanical: scraping, smoothing and
maintenance.
Antibiotic: It must be kept in
tell that the antibiotic of
election must have a broad
activity spectrum that ensures
the coverage of pathogens
aerobic and anaerobic.
Surgical: In severe cases, or of
advanced cases are processed to
raise Flap (of Witman or
Newman).
After
A canker sore is an ulcer or sore.
open and painful in the
mouth. The ulcers are of
white or yellow and
are surrounded by a
área roja y brillante. No
they are cancerous, But if you
they can associate with
Viral processes.
Afta - Causes
Canker sores are a common form of mouth ulcers and
can occur with viral infections. In some
cases, the cause cannot be determined.
These ulcers can also
be linked to problems
with the system
immune system of the body.
After - Treatment
In general, no treatment is necessary, as in
In most cases, canker sores disappear on their own.
solas.
Should not eat hot or spicy foods,
which can cause pain. Mouthwashes
Over-the-counter soothing agents or salt water can help.
Pulpitis
Pulpitis is the inflammation
painful pulp
dental. They provoke
mainly cavities and
dental trauma.
Pulpitis - Classes
Reversible pulpitis
Mild or moderate inflammation of the pulp. It is
capable of returning to the non-inflammatory state
when the stimulus is removed.
Irreversible pulpitis
Persistent inflammation of the pulp. It appears as
a chronic pain, which increases with heat and decreases
with the cold.
Pulpitis - Treatment
The treatment may include:
Oral antibiotics.
In case of being provoked, eliminate the
Irritant agent
Pain medications.
Saltwater mouth rinses
temperate.
Tooth extraction.
Drainage of an abscess, if it existed.
Removal of the damaged nerve and tissue
from the inside of the tooth. (Endodontics)
Pulpal Necrosis
It is the death of the pulp. It can be.
total or partial depending on what
either all the pulp or a part of it
that is involved. Although the
necrosis is a sequel of the
inflammation, it can also
occur due to trauma, where
the pulp is destroyed before
a reaction is developed
inflammatory. As a result, it
causes an ischemic stroke and
cause necrotic pulp
dry gangrene.
Signs and Symptoms:
It is almost always asymptomatic, it can
be associated with episodes of pain
spontaneous or (from the periapex) to the
pressure
In those teeth with pulps
initial necrotics, the pain is caused
by the application of heat due to the increase
from intrapulpal pressure. Usually
It is believed (but with low probability) that
apply heat to the teeth with necrosis of
liquefaction causes thermal expansion of
gas present in the root canal,
that causes pain. In fact, the
application of cold, heat or stimuli
electric to the teeth with pulps
necrotic does not produce response.