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IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY

Answer briefly:

Q. No. 1, 2, 4 and 5 do it your own.

Ans-Praise by family members makes us happy because it encourages us to

excel in life and we get motivated to do better in life. It builds strong bonding
among the members and strengthens our relationship.

E. Answer the following questions.

1. What is the importance of family?

Ans-Family plays an important role in our life as a child learns everything
from family by watching and imitating the members. The child learns to
overcome challenges, solve problems and make decisions. The members
nurture the special talents of the child and teach many values. Their
encouragement and guidance help the child to excel in life.
2. “The family system works like a chain.” Explain it with an example.
Ans-It means the elders help the child to grow up into a good human being. In
turn the child provides support to the elders in the time of need. For example
our parents help us to grow up and when they become old it is our
responsibility to take care of them.
3. What do you mean by “family traditions”? What is the importance of
family traditions in your life?
Ans-The activities that occur regularly and hold special meaning for the
family members is called family traditions. They are an excellent way of
teaching values like respect for our elders, caring and sharing, helping others
and passing the family heritage to the future generations.
4. What steps can the family members take to build strong bonds?
Ans-The steps that the family members can take to build strong bonds are as
follows-
(i)There should be regular interactions among the family members.
(ii)They should spend time together and develop understand.
(iii)The responsibility must be shared by all the members.
(iv)The wishes of each one should be respected, sorrows and joys must be
shared.
(v)The family members should appreciate the special talent of the members
and encourage them to excel.
5. Why is it important to have good communication with your parents?
Ans-It is important to have good communication with your parents because
they guide us overcome difficulties and help us to grow into a good human
being. It develops understanding, trust and strengthens our relationship with
our parents.
VALUE BASED QUESTIONS
Parents have many responsibilities towards their children. List five
responsibilities that children have towards their family. Are your
responsibilities dependant on scoldings and frequent reminders? Explain with
two examples.
Ans-

WORKSHEET-1

Answer the following questions in one sentence.

1) Name the first learning place of a child.

2) Define ‘family tradition’.
3) How does a family system work?
4) Write what a child learns from the members of the family.
5) Mention any two qualities or features that strengthen family relationship.
6) Describe the importance of spending time together with our family
members.
7) Tell what happens when a family member faces a problem.
8) List any two qualities that you admire your mother/father.
9) Define ‘role model’.
10) List any two activities that you enjoy participating in your family.
 HUMAN MIGRATION
D. Answer briefly:
[Link] do you mean by the term ‘migration’?
Ans-Migration is the systematic (regular) movement of people from one place to
another.
[Link] is shifting agriculture?
Ans-The settled life began only after the man became a food producer. He started
growing crops on a piece of land till the land was fertile. Then he would abandon it
and move to a new piece of land. This type of practice of growing crops is known
as shifting agriculture.
[Link] the two types of forced migration.
Ans-The two types of forced migration are natural disaster and man-made disaster.
[Link] the river which river which caused floods in Kashmir in the year
2014.
Ans-The river which caused floods in Kashmir in the year 2014 was Jhelum.
[Link] two things that changed the orthodox thinking of people.
Ans-The things that changed the orthodox thinking of people are education, logical
thinking and contact with other countries.

E. Answer the following questions.

[Link] highlight the three types of migration.
Ans-Migration is the systematic (regular) movement of people from one place to
another. It is of three types. Such as: -
(a)Voluntary Migration: -When people move from one place to another on their
own wish/choice, it is called voluntary migration. It may be for better jobs,
educational opportunities or to meet their family or relatives in another village,
town, city, state or country.
(b)Forced Migration: -The movement of people, family or large groups of people
due to natural disaster, man-made disaster or demolition of illegal colonies is
called forced migration. It may be for flood, earthquake, tsunami, drought, terrorist
activities etc.
(c)Animal Migration: -Animals migrate with change in seasons. They migrate to
find warmer weather, better food supply or safe place to give birth to their young
ones.
[Link] three hardships that the migrants face.
Ans-The migrants face many problems as they have to move away from their
homes and families to other areas.
(i)The labourers move to cities for better jobs and wages. They have to live without
basic amenities like shelter, sanitation or safe drinking water.
(ii)The condition is worse when they migrate with their families. The
women have to work hard.
(iii)The children do not get education. Many migrants do not get any work and
hence, start begging.
3. ‘Migration brings happiness to many people.’ Explain with two examples.
Ans-Migration brings happiness to many people. They see new places, experience
climate that suits them, learn about new customs, traditions, cuisines, dresses,
dances, music etc.
[Link] you have to migrate to another city. List two preparations that you
will make.
Ans-H. W
[Link] facilities are needed by people in case of a disaster?
Ans-The following facilities are needed by people in case of a disaster-
(i)Basic amenities like food, cloth and shelter
(ii)First-aid box
(iii)Lighter/matchsticks
 DICTATION TEST
1. Migration
2. Shifting agriculture
3. Abandon
4. Voluntary Migration
5. Opportunities
6. Mythology
7. Orthodox
8. Nomads
9. Demolition
10. Authorities
11. Amenities
12. Sanitation
13. Construction
14. Companionship
15. Drought

VARIATION IN SHELTERS
[Link] briefly:

[Link] was the earliest form of shelter?

Ans-Caves were the earliest form of shelter.
[Link] are the walls of huts made of in village?
Ans-The walls of huts are made of mud in village.
[Link] are some houses built with thick walls and flat roofs?
Ans-Some houses are built with thick walls and flat roofs to keep them
cool in summer.
[Link] two advantage of high-rise apartments.
Ans-The two advantages of high-rise apartments are-
(i)They offeraccommodation to many families in less space.
(ii)They are suitable for places where population is increasing very fast.
[Link] is the advantage of Neighbourhood watch plan?
Ans-The advantages of Neighbourhood watch plan are as follows-
(i)It is a wonderful way of crime prevention.
(ii)They ensure safety of residents, especially the elder members and
children.

[Link] the following questions:

[Link] information do we get from Bhimbetka rock shelters?
Ans-(i) Bhimbetka rock shelters of Madhya Pradesh are the ancient
rock shelters with painting.
(ii)They are 700 in number and have around 400 paintings.
(iii)They give us a lot of information about the life, tools and
implements of the early man.
(iv)The discovery of caves has linked us to the pre-historic man.
[Link] the changes that occurred in the life of man when he became
food producer.
Ans-When the man became a food producer, the changes that
occurred in his life were as followed-
(i)he started living a settled life close to the water bodies and needed
water for its crops.
(ii)he started building huts with branches and leaves of the trees.
[Link] three reasons for regional variation in houses.
Ans-Reasons for regional variation in houses are-
(i)landforms
(ii)climate
(iii)availability of materials
(iv)financial assistance
[Link] are the responsibilities of a good neighbour?
Ans-The responsibilities of a good neighbour are-
(i)we should keep the volume of the radio and television low,
especially at night.
(ii)we should not use noisy equipments at night like washing
machine or vaccum cleaner.
(iii)we must inform our neighbours in advance if we are having a
party.
(iv)we can organise a car-pool with neighbours and share parking
space peacefully.
(v)we should always be ready to help our neighbour in case of an
emergency.
VBQ
How will you initiate a Neighbourhood Watch Plan in your society?
What steps are necessary to encourage the people to participate and
follow this plan. List two qualities that you would require to make
the project a great success.
Ans-I would initiate a Neighbourhood Watch Plan by following certain
rules-
(i)arranging awareness programmes in villages, towns, cities etc.
(ii)making them aware of the advantages of Neighbourhood Watch Plan.
(iii)pasting posters or hoardings at the roadside walls, parking places or
market places etc.
The qualities that I would require to make the project a great
success is –
(a) patience, self confidence
(b) hard work, determination
(c) discipline, good communicating skill etc.

EXTRA QUESTIONS
[Link] do people started living a settled life close to the water
bodies?
Ans- People started living a settled life close to the water bodies as they
needed water for his crops and other domestic activities.
[Link] type of houses are built in hilly areas? Why?
Ans- In hilly areas houses are built with sloping roofs because it helps
the snow and rain to slide off easily without damaging the roof.
[Link] rise apartments are common in cities. Give reasons.
Ans- High rise apartments buildings/flats are common in cities due to –
(i) limited area
(ii) large population
[Link] houses are built in earthquake prone areas. State two
reasons.
Ans- Houses in earthquake prone areas are built with bamboo and
woods –
(i) to minimise the damage to life and property.
(ii) rebuilding of such house is not very difficult.
5. What does community living teaches us?
Ans- Community living teaches us –
(i) to care for others and share facilities like road, electricity, etc.
(ii) to develop qualities like sharing space, understanding team spirit,
cooperation, etc.
(iii) sharing other facilities like water, electricity, roads, markets, etc.
[Link] are the houses made a few feet above the ground level in the
flood prone areas?
Ans- Houses are made a few feet above the ground level in the flood
prone areas –
(i) to keep them dry.
(ii) to keep the inhabitats safe from wild animals.
(iii)to allow the flood water to drain out from in between the stilts
without damaging the house.
 CHAPTER-4
SENSITIVITY TOWARDS OTHERS
D. Answer Briefly:
[Link] facility in school can make physically challenged children more
mobile?
Ans- The facilities that can make physically challenged children more mobile in
school are as follows-
(i)suitable infrastructure taking care of needs of special children
(ii)a positive attitude of the people around them
(iii)adaptive devices and therapeutic service
(iv)lots of love and care
[Link] important quality do parents and teachers of physically challenged
children need?
Ans- The important qualities that parents and teachers of physically children need
are as follows-
(i) patience
(ii) positive attitude/sympathetic attitude
(iii) lots of love and care
(iv) kindness
[Link] one thing that is essential for physically challenged children.
Ans- Physically challenged children need special skills to eat, read, move around,
express themselves and use the toilet which makes them confident and less
dependant on other people.
[Link] do socially deprived children miss?
Ans-Socially deprived children miss the following things-
(i)right to live a decenty life
(ii)opportunities of education
(iii)a life of dignity
[Link] do you do with your old books, clothes and toys?
Ans-Do this answer of your own.
[Link] the following questions:
[Link] are special children? What can make a difference in their lives?
Ans- Special children are those who have disabilities that makes learning and
communication difficult. We can make a difference in their lives by-
(i)intergrating those children with the normal children
(ii)little love and care
(iii)special guidance and training
[Link] between the training of physically challenged children in earlier
times and present times.
Ans-
Earlier times Present times
(i)The parents were unaware about the (i)The parents are well aware about the
training facilities and how to deal with training facilities of such children.
such children.
(ii)No trained teachers and therapists (ii)Specially trained teachers and
were their in earlier times. therapists provides guidance to the
children.
(iii)No suitable infrastructure and (iii)Suitable infrastructure, scientific
scientific make where not there to treat method and machines are used to teach
those children. these children.
[Link] the areas where physically challenged children require special skills.
How are these skills useful to them?
Ans-Physically challenged children requirespecial skills in home and school like-
(i)to eat, read and move around
(ii)to express themselves and use the toilet independently
These skills make them make them more confident and less dependent on
other people.
[Link] is inclusive Education? How does it benefit other students?
Ans-When the physically challenged children learn in the normal schools with
other children, it is called inclusive education. Inclusive education values diversity
and unlocks the potential of physically challenged children. They learn to cross the
hurdle like shyness, hesitation etc.
Benefits of inclusive education to other students-
(i)it helps in forming relationships with special children.
(ii)it develops in understanding the needs of special children.
(iii)it also develops a positive atmosphere in the society which brings happiness in
the life of special children.
[Link] are socially deprived children? Where can you commonly find them?
Ans-The children who are deprived of the right to live a decent life are called
socially deprived children.
(i)they don’t have opportunity of education or a life of dignity.
(ii)most of them are miserable, neglected, poor and need help.
(iii)they belong to the home where parents are unable to earn money due to illness,
unemployment, poverty and illiteracy.
We can commonly find them spending their lives on the streets or in the
slums.
[Link] steps should be taken to improve the condition of socially deprived
children?
Ans-The steps that should be taken to improve the conditions of socially deprived
children are-
(i)ensure that each and every child should get education and achieve a decent
standard of living.
(ii)efforts should be made by giving them free education, books, uniform, food,
shoes and stipends.
(iii)they should be guided with lots of love, care and patience.
(iv)they should be encouraged to go to school daily and to study hard to make a
better future for them for the society.
(v)they should be given mid-day meals in school in order to encourage for study.
7.D you think socially deprived children should be given money? Give two
reasons in support of your answer?
Ans-Do this answer of your own.

VALUE BASED QUESTIONS

[Link] can you help the socially deprived children?
Ans-We can help the socially deprived children in the following
ways-
(i)Efforts should be made by giving them free education, books,
food, uniforms, shoes and stipends.
(ii)They should be guided with lots of love, care and affection.
(iii)We can help the government in mid-day meal scheme for the
socially deprived children.
[Link] five qualities would you need if you were studying
in an inclusive school?
Ans-I will need the following five qualities-
(i)Ensure the adaptive devices and therapeutic services should
be provided.
(ii)Love and care of people around me.
(iii)Suitable infrastructure taking care of our parents.
(IV)A good relationship between my parents and teachers.
(v)Patience and tolerance with my classmates.
[Link] domestic help is only 12 years old. How would you
convince his/her parents and your parents to send the child
to school?
Ans-Do this question’s answer of your own.
SOMETHING TO DO-
[Link] a few organisations that work for the socially
deprived children.
Ans-Organisations that are working for the socially deprived
children are-
(i)CRY- Child Rights and You
(ii)DCI- Defense for Children International
(iii)UNICEF- United Nations International Children’s
Emergency Fund
(iv)Smile Foundation
(v)Say yes to Education
(vi)Kids go Global
(vii)Ministry of Women and Children Welfare

EXTRA QUESTIONS
[Link] is Hellen Keller? How many books she has written?
Ans-Hellen Adams Keller was an American author, political
activist and lecturer. She was the first deaf-blind person to get a
Bachelor of Arts degree. She wrote over 12 books and many
articles. Her famous books are The story of My life, The world I
live in, Light in my Darkness, etc.
[Link] is the purpose of mid-day meal scheme?
Ans-The government has introduced mid-day meal scheme to
encourage the enrolment and to provide nutritious foods to the
socially deprived children.
[Link] is Kailash Satyarthi? Why did he get the Nobel peace
prize?
Ans-Kailash Satyarthi is a childright activist. He was awarded
the Nobel peace prize in 2014 for his great contribution in
making the lives of socially deprived children better. He
founded the Bachpan Bachao Andolan to save the children, child
labour, regulating placement agencies and trafficking.
[Link] is cerebral palsy?
Ans-Cerebral palsy refers to the group of disorders that affects
movement and coordination. In many cases vision, hearing and
sensation are also affected.
5.‘‘Disabled does not mean unable’’- Justify the statement.
Ans-‘‘Disabled does not mean unable’’because-
(i)The disabled children can achieve their goals by recovering
from the disability.
(ii)A lot of love, care, affection and positive attitude of the
people around them can make them function at par the normal
children.
(iii)Trained teachers and therapists can guide them.
(iv)Suitable infrastructure and equal opportunities can lead them
towards success.
(v)Therapeutic services and adaptive devices can help them to
learn new skills.
 CHAPTER-5
COMMUNITY SERVICE
[Link] briefly:
[Link] is community service?
Ans-Help or assistance provided for the benefit of
community is called community service.
[Link] type of community service can you volunteer for?
Ans-Do this question’s answer of your own.
[Link] is the importance of Van Mahostava?
Ans-Van Mahostava is a programme launched by the
government of India to increase the number of trees in our
country. It is celebrated on the first week of July every year to
aware people about the importance of trees in our life. Every
year towards of trees are planted during this festival.
[Link] do trees clean the atmosphere?
Ans-Trees clean the atmosphere by converting carbon dioxide
into oxygen.
[Link] two qualities for community living.
Ans-The qualities for community living are-
(i)Sharing and caring attitude
(ii)To be tolerant and adjustive
(iii)To be helpful and supportive
[Link] the following questions:
[Link] did community service play an important role in
olden times?
Ans-Community service played an important role in olden times
in parts of Indian history and culture. People helped the poor
with money, clothes, food, shelter or look after the sick. Rich
kings took up many projects for the benefit of common people.
[Link] the steps that Ashoka took for the development of
trade.
Ans-The great Mauryan empire Ashoka had taken the following
steps for the development of trade-
(i)He understood the importance of good roads for the progress
of trade as well as pilgrims.
(ii)He arranged to construct rest houses and big wells.
(iii)He also understood the importance of planting trees and the
roads for the comfort of travelers.
[Link] do you mean by water harvesting? What are its
advantages?
Ans-Water harvesting is the technique of collecting, storing,
using rain water for irrigation, drinking and other purposes. Its
advantages are-
(i)It reduces the chances of flood.
(ii)It saves rain water from getting wasted or drained.
(iii)It fulfills domestic requirements and saves water for future
use.
[Link] the changes that have improved the travelling in
modern times.
Ans-Today, different means of transport are available for
convenience of people. Many guest houses, restaurants, night
shelters, motels and hotels provide comfort and safety to the
travelers. Better roads, bridges and flyovers ensure the smooth
movement of vehicles. Faster and more comfortable means of
transport make travelling a pleasure. They may be cars, buses,
trains, aeroplanes or ships.
[Link] 5 benefits of planting trees.
Ans-5 benefits of planting trees are-
(i)Trees provide a green cover to our earth.
(ii)They are the best and most valuable friends.
(iii)Life is not possible without trees.
(iv)They give us innumberable gifts like wood, flowers, fruits,
vegetables, medicines, spices and shade.
(v)The most important gift of trees is they clean the atmosphere
by converting carbon dioxide into oxygen.
 VBQ
[Link] street would you prefer to walk down?
Ans-I would prefer to walk down on the road lined with trees.
[Link] you think protection of environment is responsibility of
the community?
Ans-Yes, protection of environment is the responsibility of the
community.
[Link] can you contribute to make your neighbourhood
clean and green?
Ans-To make my neighbourhood clean and green, I can plant
more and more trees and clean my neighbourhood.

Extra Questions
[Link] is Sisandra?
Ans-Sisandra is a tube-like structure, was built in Karnataka on
important road crossings for the comfort of travelers. Smaller
sisandras were built for animals.
[Link] is popular all over the world. Give reasons.
Ans-Bicycle riding is popular all over the world because of
the following reasons-
(i)It makes our body fit
(ii)It saves fuel
(iii)It saves eco-friendly
[Link] Kund.
Ans-A Kund is a well that looks like a saucer with the cup at
the centre. Kunds are mainly found in Gujurat and
Rajasthan to harvest rain water in dry months.

CH-6
LEISURE TIME
[Link] briefly:
[Link] two qualities are required for a martial art practitioner?
Ans-The two qualities are-
(i)physical strength
(ii)skills
(iii)coordination
[Link] two advantages of reading.
Ans-i)It gives us information about people, places, history, culture, etc.
(ii)It enhances knowledge and awareness.
(iii)It develops imagination, expression, etc.
[Link] your favourite game.
Ans-Do this question’s answer of your own.
[Link] two qualities of a sports person.
Ans-The two qualities of a sports person are-
(i)enthusiasm
(ii)self-motivation
(iii)discipline
(iv)team spirit
(v)physical stamina
(vi)mental alertness
[Link] three water sports.
Ans-River rafting, sailing, waterskiing are the three different types of
water sports.
[Link] the following questions:
[Link] Martial Art.
Ans-(i)Martial art is a practice of combat (fight) or self-defence. It needs
physical strength, skill and coordination.
(ii)It has been a part of India’s history and tradition but it now it become
a sport.
(iii)The Indian wrestling – Kushti is a traditional form of Martial Art.
[Link] story telling called an art? How can a story teach us values?
Give examples.
Ans-Story telling is called an art as it involves narrating a story orally.
The narrators use a variety of expression, voice modulation to make the
story interesting. They may use puppets, songs, lights, etc.
A story teaches us humanity, compassion, gratitude, nobility, etc. For
example- stories from Ramayana and Mahabharat teaches us about
historical events and famous personalities.
[Link] does breathing play an important role in improving our
physical and mental health?
Ans-Breathing plays an important role in improving our physical and
mental health in the following ways-
(i)When we inhale, the breath helps our body to absorb oxygen.
(ii)When we exhale, the harmful carbon dioxide is driven out.
(iii)A long deep breathe keeps us mentally and physically fit.
(iv)It helps in maintaining our health in physically and mentally.
[Link] is the importance of Chaupal in the life of villagers?
Ans-Chaupal is important in the life of villagers in the following ways-
(i)Chaupal is a meeting place of villagers since ancient times.
(ii)The village panchas sit to solve the disport and welfare.
(iii)People sit to read newspaper, watch television, share their joys and
sorrows, celebrate festivals etc.
[Link] do outdoor games score over indoor games?
Ans-Outdoor games score over indoor games in the following ways-
(i)It keeps us physically and mentally fit.
(ii)It supplies fresh air to our lungs.
(iii)Everyone enjoys freedom from enclosed rooms.
(iv)It makes us active and feel fresh.
(v)It develops qualities like team spirit, leadership, tolerance, discipline,
etc.
VBQ
Nukkad Natak is an important means of spreading awareness on
important issues. Mention some issues for which you would like to
campaign through a Nukkad Natak. How would you ensure that
your Nukkad Natak is successful in attaining its objective?
Ans-The issues which I would like to campaign through a Nukkad Natak
are-
(i)illiteracy
(ii)stop dowry system
(iii)women empowerment
(iv)save girls
(v)painting trees
(vi)stop pollution
To ensure that my Nukkad Natak is successful, I will take the following
steps-
(i)When people stop believing in superstitious or blind.
(ii)prepare theme agenda etc, beforehand.
(iii)When people will be aware of their social responsibilities.
 DICTATION TEST
1.

CHANGING TRENDS IN OCCUPATION

[Link] briefly:
[Link] two non-agricultural occupations in rural areas.
Ans-Blacksmith and carpenter are the two non-agricultural occupations
in rural areas.
[Link] two occupations that are common in urban areas.
Ans-Computer Scientists, Software Developers, Cloud Architects and
Mobile Engineers are the occupations common in urban areas.
[Link] one reason of low production of milk.
Ans-In earlier times the farmer and his family looked after the milk
giving animals on their farm. The quality of animals and their feed were
not very good. As a result the production of milk was low.
[Link] three jobs that do not require and educational
qualifications.
Ans-Workers at construction sites, coolies (porters) at railway station
and cleaners are the three jobs which do not need educational
qualifications.
[Link] you consider any work inferior? Give one reason.
Ans-No, I do not consider any work inferior. Because all types of works
(jobs) are necessary in a society. We must respect all of them. No work
is superior or inferior. Work is work. It is absolutely wrong to consider
any work good or bad.
[Link] the following questions:
[Link] has mecanisation brought a change in agriculture sector?
Ans-(i)Use of machines in agriculture brought a great change in
occupation.
(ii)A single machine can do work of many labourers. Many labourers
lost their income.
(iii)However machines and electricity in villages also created new
occupations like tube well diggers, tractor driver, sales man, mechanic,
etc.
[Link] White Revolution. How did it bring change in dairy
farming?
Ans-White Revolution is associated with sharp incense in the milk
production of India. It is known as Operation Flood which was launched
in 1970s by Dr. Verghese Kurien to make India self dependant in milk
production.
It bought many changes in dairy farming like-
(i)It created national milk grid that linked all milk producers with
consumers in over 700 towns and cities.
(ii)The cooperative was given the responsibility and collecting and
supply of milk products.
(iii)It involved many professionals like veterinarian, scientists, dairy
farming, machinery, manufacturers and consultants.
(iv)It also involved the service of many non-professional like dairy
farms, truck drivers.
[Link] three ways in which technology changed our lives.
Ans-Modern Technology has pared the way of multifunctional devices.
(i)Technology has created amazing tasks, techniques, resource materials
and useful information tour fingertips.
(ii)Amazing places took place in the field of agriculture, entertainment,
medrines, astronomy, travel, communication, digital technology, mass-
media, health, care and services, etc.
(iii)Technology has made our lives easier, faster, efficient, better and
more fun.
[Link] is Dignity of Labour? Give an example.
Ans-All types of work (jobs) are necessary in a society and we all
depend upon each other for our needs. We must respect all of them. No
work is inferior or superior. Work is work. It is absolutely wrong to
consider any work as good or bad. The work itself is a dignity.
Our father of the nation Mahatma Gandhi used to do all types of work
on his own even cleaning the toilet. All work are same whether done
with head (inflected work) or hands (manual work).
[Link] Gender Discrimination. In what ways do the women suffer
due to gender discrimination?
Ans-Unequal treatment towards some members of the society on the
basis of gender is known as gender discrimination.
Women suffer due to gender discrimination in the following ways-
(i)Unequal facility in the field of education, health, services, career,
employment, political field, parliaments, sports, defense, forces etc.
(ii)Forced to do household chores only at indoors.
(iii)Complete restriction to go to outdoors.
(iv)Their work is not respected and they are not given the same wages
like that of men.
VBQ
[Link] Cleanliness Drive Campaign has been launched under
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in India to clean dirty streets and remove
overflowing garbage bins.
How can you contribute towards its campaign?
Ans-To success of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan-
(i)I will join in national service scheme.
(ii)I will take active part in this campaign.
(iii)I will mobilise children of my age to come forward and lend their
hand in making India clean.
[Link] want to live in a clean and healthy environment. Which values
do you need to create suitable conditions for fulfilling your dream?
Ans-Yes, I want to live in a clean and healthy environment.
(i)clean, green and safe environment
(ii)protection and love of plants
(iii)forest and cleanness is the value need to create suitable conditions
for fulfilling our dream.

DICTATION TEST
1.
 RESPECTING REGIONAL DIFFERENCES
[Link] the following.
[Link] staple of diet of North Indians is wheat. Why?
Ans-The staple diet of North Indians is wheat as-
(i)Wheat is widely cultivated in North India.
(ii)Suitable climate
(iii)Availability of raw materials
[Link] the capital of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Ans-Port Blair is the capital of Andaman and
Nicobar Islands.
[Link] tribal uses a lot of jewellery to adorn their
bodies?
Ans-Jarawas use a lot of jewellery to adorn their
bodies.
[Link] do Rajasthanis celebrate life with?
Ans-Rajasthanis celebrate life with music and dance.
[Link] the traditional communities of Rajasthan.
Ans-The traditional music communities of Rajasthan
are Bhats, Charans, Bhopas and Dholis.
[Link] the following questions.
[Link] habits of people depend upon agriculture of a
place. Give two examples in support of your answer.
Ans-(i)Wheat is widely cultivated in North India. So
it is the staple diet there.
(ii)Rice is cultivated in South India, so people
consume rice there.
[Link] are the important features of the food habits
of the people in Andaman and Nicobar Islands?
Ans-(i)Sea food is quite common there like fish,
prawns, lobsters, etc.
(ii)North Indian and Bengali food is easily found
there. South Indian food is also common there.
(iii)Rice is their staple diet.
(iv)The main crops there are pulses, oilseeds,
vegetables, coconut, areca nut, etc.
(v)Spices like pepper, clove, nutmeg and
cinnamon form an important ingredient of different
food.
[Link] a note on the dance and music of the
Islanders.
Ans- Dance and Music:-
(i)The islanders celebrate most Indian festivals like
Pongal, Onam, Holi, Good Friday etc with dance
and music.
(ii)Nicobari dance is the traditional dance of the
islanders during the ossuary feast or pig festival.
(iii)Andamanese are fond of their traditional music
and dancers move gracefully to the music and songs
of the onges tribe.
[Link] the colourful dresses, dances and music
of Rajasthan.
Ans- Dress-
(i)The dyers of Rajasthan are masters in the art of tie
and dye.
(ii)The colourful dresses made from bandhini,
lehriya, motra are world famous.
(iii)There is a great demand for Rajasthani ghagras,
odhinis, cholis with embroidery, block printing,
mirror and gata work.
(iv)The Rajasthanis men wear traditional dresses like
dhoti, banda and agarkha.

Dance and Music:-

(i)Rajasthanis celebrate life with dance and music.
(ii)The songs of poets like Kabir, Malookdas, Meera
are an important part of folk music of Rajasthan.
(iii)Some Rajasthanis communities like Bhats,
Charans, Bhopas and Dholis are famous musicians.
(iv)The popular dances of Rajasthan are Ghoomer,
Chori, Kachi Ghodi, etc.
[Link] is it important to respect regional differences.
Give three reasons.
Ans-(i)It is an integral part of Indian heritage.
(ii)It creates peace, and harmony in our country.
(iii)Every culture has its own importance which
helps in creating togetherness and brotherhood.

VBQ
“India is a land of unity in diversity”. People from
different cultures live in complete harmony with
each other. List a few things which bind the Indian
people in a bond of love and togetherness.
Ans-(i)showing respect to each other and every
religion differences in food, culture, languages,
festivals, religions etc.
(ii)Feeling togetherness and accepting each other.
(iii)It makes Indian culture rich and unique and keep
friendly relations with each and every state of India.

Extra Questions
[Link] makes Indian culture rich and unique?
Ans-The understanding and respect for food habits,
cultures, faith and belif of others make India rich and
unique.
[Link] do the islanders believe about their deity.
Ans-The islanders believe that their deity Paluga
was living at the highest mountain peak at Andaman
and Nicobar islands- the Saddle Peak. But now the
deity lives higher than the sky. They also believe in
ghost, souls, spirits.
[Link] is Andaman and Nicobar islands are known
as mini India?
Ans-It is called as mini India as we find the
harmonious blend of different religions, languages,
and ethinic growns.
[Link] are the food habits of Rajasthan changing?
Ans-The food habits of the people of Rajasthan
changing because now canals supply sufficient water
for irrigation. So, fresh vegetables, fruits and other
items grow there.
[Link] is Rajasthan a favourite destination for many
tourists?
Ans-(i)It has colourful history, beautiful art, folk
music, dances and handicrafts.
(ii)It has many forts, palaces and havelis.
(iii)The beautiful arts and the use of red sandstone,
marbles and filigree art increase the beauty.
 [Link] is Rajasthani cuisines dependant on pulses
and grams?
Ans-Rajasthani cuisine depend upon pulses and
gram as it is difficult to grow vegetables due to
scarcity of water.
[Link] the six groups of Tribals of Andaman and
Nicobar Islands.
Ans-The six groups of Andaman and Nicobar
Islands are-
i. The Great Andamanese
ii. The Jarawas
iii. The Sentinelese
iv. The Onges
v. The Nicobarese
vi. The Shompens

DICATATION TEST
1. Religion
2. Discrimination
3. Ingredient
4. Belif
5. Traditional
6. Inhabitants
7. Language
8. Destination
9. Architecture
10. Scarcity

CH-9

EXPLORING INDIA
[Link] briefly.
[Link] two trains that run between Agra and Delhi.
Ans-The two trains that run between Agra and Delhi are
the ‘Taj Express’ and the ‘Palace on Wheels’.
[Link] built the Taj Mahal?
Ans-Taj mahal was by the Mughal Emperor Saha Jahan.
[Link] the largest fresh water lake of eastern India.
Ans-Loktak lake is the largest fresh water lake of eastern
India.
[Link] is a museum?
Ans-A museum is a building where objects of artistic,
cultural, linguistic and scientific interest are kept and
shown to public.
[Link] is the special attraction of Vrindavan Garden?
Ans-The musical fountains are the special attraction of
Vrindavan Garden that showcases a wonderful harmony
of water, colours and music every evening.
[Link] the following questions.
[Link] makes India a favourite destination for tourists?
Ans-India has a unique blend of traditions, customs,
religions, and languages. Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism,
Sikhism, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity and Islam
co-exist here in harmony. This wonderful blend makes
India a favourite destination for tourists from all over the
world.
[Link] the three important features of Fathepur Sikri.
Ans-Three important features of Fathepur Sikri are as
follows-
(i)The town was built completely in red sandstone.
(ii)The sloping levels of Fathepur were connected with
terraces where different buildings were built like Jama
Masjid, Buland Darwaja etc.
[Link] describe any two places of tourists’ attraction in
Manipur.
Ans-The two places of tourists’ attraction in Manipur are-
a)Loktak Lake and Sendra Island-
(i)Loktak Lake is the largest fresh water lake in eastern
India is a big attraction for fishing.
(ii)The tourists can enjoy their stay in the beautiful
bungalows situated close to the Sendra Island.
(iii)The Loktak lake is also world famous for great variety
of orchids.
b)KeibulLamjao National Park-
(i)It is the only floating national park in the world.
(ii)The park is composed of massive mass of floating
weeds.
(iii)The fishermen live in floating huts.
(iv)The park is famous for the endangered brow-antlered
deer of Manipur-Sangai.
[Link] three main features of the Mysore Palace.
Ans-The Mysore palace is the pride of Karnataka. Its
main features are-
(i)It was the residence of the Wodeyar Rulers.
(ii)The palace is now a museum that houses great treasure
of paintings, jewellery, royal costumes and other items.
(iii)The Golden Royal Elephant Throne, The Durbar Hall
and the Kalyan Mandap are the main attractions there.
(iv)The Mysore Palace has a unique French clock.
Every hour, a parade by miniature soldiers is
displayed. The beating drums by the soldiers mark the
seconds and a bugle marks the minutes.
[Link] role does a well-developed transport system play
in attracting tourists?
Ans-A well-developed transport system plays the
following roles in attracting tourists-
(i)It allows quick movement of vehicles which help the
tourists to reach their destination in time without delay.
(ii)It provides hassle free of journey.
(iii)There is less expenditure of fuel which saves money.
(iv)Easy access to tourist places.
(v)It helps to the development of other infrastructure like
hotels, restaurants.
[Link] are petrol and diesel vehicles not allowed near Taj
mahal?
Ans-(i)Petrol and diesel vehicles are not allowed to ply in
the Taj Mahal area to preserve the beautiful monument.
(ii)Only pollution free battery-operated vehicles, tongas,
camel carts are allowed to that area.
VBQ
India has a rich cultural heritage. Unfortunately,
many old buildings, scriptures and statues have been
damaged by our neglect. What steps can include
responsibility among children to preserve our
heritage.
Ans-India is the home to great treasures in the form of
historical monuments and natural beauty. They tell us
about our past glories which we must transfer to our
future generations. So they must be preserved.
(i)It is the responsibility of each student to look after it.
(ii)If they will find anything damaged, it should be
immediately informed to the authority.
(iii)Periodic maintainance of monuments should be
supervised by students regularly.
(iv)They should be instructed not to throw garbage nearby
the monuments.
(v)They should be aware of the importance of cleanliness
in and around the buildings.

Extra Questions
[Link] do you mean by heritage?
Ans-Heritage refers to the inherited culture, tradition,
monuments, objects and languages of a particular society.
Heritage carries pride, honour and historical importance
of a country. It is inherited from past generations,
maintained in the present and bestowed to future
generation.
[Link] many types of heritages are there? Give
example.
Ans-There are three types of heritages. They are-
(a)Natural Heritage-
Elements of biodiversity including flora and fauna,
ecosystems, geological objects.
(b)Built Heritage-
Man-made historic environment like monuments,
bridges, roads, places of worship, gardens, etc.
(c)Living Heritage-
Craft traditions, literacture, performing arts,
communities, etc.

DICTATION TEST
1. Zoroastrianism
2. Agra Cantonment Station
3. Enchanting
4. Construction
5. Preserve
6. Convenient
7. Congregation Hall
8. Endangered Animals
9. Orchids
10. Luxury

WORKSHEET-9
Time – 30 Mins F.M. - 10
[Link] in the blanks. (1X4=4)
a. Agra is _________ km. from Delhi.
b. The work on Taj Mahal started on _____________A.D.
c. Manipur is situated in the ____________ part of India.
[Link] the following. (2X3=6)
(a)Write the names of buildings that are in Agra Fort.
(b)What are the vehicles that are allowed to Taj Mahal
area and Why?
(c)Write the features of Shree Govindajee Temple.

MAPPING INDIA
[Link] briefly.
[Link] is a map?
Ans-A map is the representation of earth or a part of
it on a flat surface.
[Link] colour represents plains on a map?
Ans-Green colour represents plains on a map.
[Link] two different types of maps.
Ans-The types of maps are physical map, political
map and thematic map.
[Link] a scale.
Ans-A scale is used to represent the ratio between
the distance shown on the map and the actual
distance in the ground.
[Link] does a globe help us?
Ans-A globe is a small model of the earth. It
represents three-dimensional view of the earth. It
also shows the shape and location of the oceans and
continents.
[Link] the following questions.
[Link] did people fear to travel to far way places in
olden times?
Ans-In earlier times, people believed that the earth
was flat. They feared that they might fall of it they
travelled to the edge of the earth.
[Link] the journey of Magellan that proved the
earth was round.
Ans-Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese explorer and
his crew began a voyage from Spain in 1519. Almost
two years later it ended it at the same place. The
voyage had started with five ships and a crew of
270, but only 18 members survived. Magellan was
not among the survivors. So the journey of Magellan
proved the earth was round.
[Link] two uses of maps.
Ans- The uses of maps are as follows-
(i)They give us detailed information about any place.
(ii)We can see the whole world of the earth at the
same time.
(iii)We can carry them with us wherever we go.
[Link] two movements of the Earth. Explain each
briefly.
Ans-The two movements of the earth is rotation and
revolution.
(i)Rotation- The movement of the earth on its own
axis form west to east is called rotation. The Earth
takes 24 hours to complete one rotation. It causes
day and night.
(ii)Revolution- The Earth also moves around the sun
on a fixed path called- Orbit. This movement is
called revolution. It takes 365 days and 6 hours to
complete one revolution. It causes change in
seasons.
[Link] between a globe and map.
Ans-
Globe Map
(i)A globe is a three- (i)A map gives us the
dimensional view of the two-dimensional view of
earth. the earth.
(ii)A globe gives us the (ii)A map gives us
limited information of the detailed information of
earth. any part of the earth.
(iii)It shows only the (iii)It shows us every
major details of the earth details of the earth like
like oceans, seas and countries, cities or even
continents. neighbourhood.
(iv)It cannot be carried (iv)It is very easy to carry
everywhere easily. a map everywhere.
(v)It cannot be used for (v)It can be used for
navigation. navigation from one
place to another.
 VBQ
[Link] two qualities must each student must
develop to face difficulties like trying to locate a
place, inability to read the map of the colony,
guiding a visitor on a telephone, etc.
Ans- A student must possess certain qualities like-
- Knowledge of language of the map.
- Ability to read and understand the map.
- Rough idea of a place to make sketch.
- Must have a good communication skill.

EXTRA QUESTIONS
[Link] any three components of a map.
Ans- Components of maps are-
(i)Direction- They help us to locate the exact
position of a place.
(ii)Scale- It is used to represent the ratio between the
distance on the map and the actual distance on the
ground.
(iii)Symbols- They are pictures, lines, etc. which
helps us to read a map easily.
[Link] different types of maps.
Ans-Different types of maps are-
(i)Physical Map- It shows natural features of the
earth such as mountains, plateaus, forests, water
bodies, etc.
(ii)Political Map- It shows the boundaries of
countries, states, cities and villages of the world.
(iii)Thematic Map- It focuses on particular
information like roads, climate, population, etc.
[Link] is grid? How does it help us?
Ans- The meridians of longitude and parallels of
latitude form a grid. It helps us to locate the exact
position of places and time on the earth.
[Link] is conventional symbol?
Ans- Most symbols are common all over the world
to make it easy to understand. They are known as
conventional symbols.
[Link] is equator?
Ans- The horizontal imaginary lines drawn exactly
halfway between North Pole and South Pole is
known as equator.
[Link] do you mean by reference points?
Ans- The two end points of the imaginary axis of the
earth are used as reference points. The earth is
round. It does not have any corners or edges.

REVISION TEST
[Link] the following questions.
(a) Why is Cellular Jail famous for?
(b) Why rice is the staple diet of South India?
(c) What makes Indian culture rich and unique?
(d) Name the tribal groups of Andaman and Nicobar
islands.
(e) Why is Andaman and Nicobar island famous as
“Mini India”?
(f) Why are the food habits of the people of
Rajasthan changing day by day?
(g) What is Khud Khargosh?
(h) What are the dialects spoken by people of
Rajasthan?
(i) What makes India a favourite destination for
tourists from all over the world?
(j) What was the ancient name of Mysore?
(k) Where is Vrindvan garden located?
(l) Give example of natural heritage.
(m) Define longitude.
(n) What is latitude?
(o) How does grid help us?
(p) What is thematic map?
(q) Define scale .
 TRANSPORT IN MODERN TIMES

[Link] briefly.
[Link] two problems created by increase in
road traffic.
Ans- Two problems created by increase in road
traffic are as follows-
(i)Increase in vehicle, air and noise pollution.
(ii) Delay in transportation of goods and people.
(iii)Increase in number of accidents.
[Link] are the advantages of airways?
Ans- The advantages of airways are-
(i)They shrink long distances.
(ii)They are the fastest and most comfortable
means of transport.
(iii)They can cover difficult landforms like
deserts, forests, mountains and water bodies.
[Link] is the best mode of transport? Why?
Ans- The best mode of transport are walking and
cycling as-
(i)They don’t depend on fuel.
(ii)Keep us fit and healthy.
(iii)Do not create pollution and thus
environmental friendly.
[Link] two renewable sources of energy.
Ans- Some renewable sources of energy are solar
energy, wind energy and tidal energy.
[Link] two changes that have improved railways
in recent times.
Ans- Railways are improved in recent times as-
(i) They are equipped with modern amenities and
comfort.
(ii) Provide computerised reservation, container
services etc.
(iii) Have brought people from different regions
into a close contact.
(iv) Play a vital role in activities like business,
tourism, industry, etc.
(v) They also provide facilities like resting rooms,
telephone services and restaurants.
[Link] the following questions.
[Link] three ways in which a well-developed
transport system affects the lives of people.
Ans-(i) A well developed transport system has
made the journey faster, easier and more
comfortable.
(ii) It helps in the movement of raw materials to
factories and the furnished goods to the markets.
(iii) It also helps us to meet people from different
parts of the world to know their ideas, thoughts,
language, cutoms, tradition, etc.
(iv) The smooth roads and well advanced vehicles
have reduced the distance amazingly.
[Link] which four ways railways are better than
roadways?
Ans- Railways are better than roadways, as-
(i) Railways provide faster, smoother and more
comfortable services than roadways.
(ii) It does not create problems like road
accidents, traffic jam etc.
(iii) Railways transport more passengers than
roadways. Thousands of people depend upon
metros that run in Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, etc.
(iv) Railways provide all modern facilities like
restaurants, telephone services, resting rooms,
computerized reservation, container services, etc.
[Link] the items transported by pipeline
transportation. Mention two advantages of
pipeline transportation.
Ans- Pipelines are used for transporting crude
oil, petroleum, water and natural gas. The
advantages of pipelines are-
(i) It can be laid on any type of surface.
(ii) It transports goods without any fear of
storms, rain, snow, etc.
(iii) It reduces the possibilities of delay or loss
which might occur in roadways and railways.
(iv) It cuts the transportation cost.
[Link] describe the different types of roads of
India.
Ans- There are 5 types of roads in India.
(a)National Highways- It acts as the main road
network of the country by linking all states of
India.
(b)State Highways- It connects the state capital
with different districts within the state.
(c)District Roads- The branch road district
headquarters with other places of the district.
(d)Village Roads- The roads that is constructed
and maintained along the borders of India, is
important for the defence of our country.
[Link] can renewable sources of energy help in
reducing pressure on petrol and diesel?
Ans- (i) Renewable sources of energy like solar
energy, wind energy and tidal energy are cost
effective.
(ii) It can be reproduced easily.
(iii) CNG is cheaper, safe and eco friendly.
Therefore the renewable sources of energy
help in reducing pressure on petrol and diesel.

VBQ
Imagine a day in your life when there are no
means of transport. How will you reach your
school? What will you learn from such an
experience?
Ans- I will learn that-
(i) We should not waste fuel like petrol and diesel.
(ii) Importance of vehicles.
(iii) Use of cycles or walk while going to a nearby
place.
(iv) Use of CNG in vehicles instead of petrol and
diesel.
(v) Use of renewable sources of energy such as
solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy etc. to
conserve the non-renewable sources of energy.
Extra Questions
[Link] is crude oil?
Ans- Deep wells are dug in certain areas on earth
to take out the petroleum oil. It contains a lot of
impurities that is known as crude oil.
[Link] the process by which we get clean and
refined oil/petroleum.
Ans- The crude oil containing a lot of impurities
is sent by the tankers to the oil refineries. It is
processed there to extract petrol. Then it is
supplied to the petrol depots by train and trucks.
From petrol depots, the petrol is supplied to
petrol pumps by oil tankers. In this way, we get
clean and refined oil/petroleum.
[Link] is Mumbai Monorail?
Ans- Mumbai monorail is the first monorail in
India. It is a great tourism attraction and popular
way of Mumbai Darshan.
[Link] are the means of transport known as the
‘Lifeline of country’s economy’?
Ans- Transport system plays an important role in
development of a country. It also provides a vital
role in our day-to-day life i.e., movement from
one place to another, transportation of goods,
meeting people of one place to another places,
business, industrial dealings, agriculture,
tourism, education, media reporting and
emergency services, etc. That is why the means of
transport are known as ‘Lifeline of a country’s
economy’.
[Link] do we need a good water transport
system?
Ans- We need a good water transport system
because-
(i) It helps us to transport heavy and bulky goods
from one place to another.
(ii) It is cheaper in comparison of other means of
transport.
(iii) It is fuel efficient and eco friendly mode of
transport.
(iv)Water transport is very important to
safeguard our long coastline and the island
groups in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.
[Link] the advantages of Helicopter.
Ans- The advantages of helicopter are-
(i) It is one of the fastest means of transport.
(ii) They are used for surveys, media reporting,
etc.
(iii) They are helpful during emergency.
(iv) They transport the injured to the hospital
and provide relief to the victims of earthquakes,
cyclones, etc.
 WORKSHEET-11
1. Name the indicator of the level of development
of a country.
2. List the different types of water ways.
3. State the name of mode of air ways used in case
of emergencies.
4. What is the cheapest mode of transportation?
5. Name the most appropriate mode of transport
you must keep yourself fit.
6. Find out the name of roads which connect the
state capital to various districts.
7.
Dictation Test F.m.-20
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Dictation Test F.m.-20

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Dictation Test F.m.-20
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

COMMUNICATION IN MODERN TIMES

2.“The modern means of communication
have harmed the social skills of people.”
Justify the statement.
Ans- The modern means of communication
have harmed the social skills of people as-
(i)They have become experts in e-mailing and
forgotten the joys of getting together and talking
to each other.
(ii)People waste precious time in surfing,
chatting and messaging.
(iii)They are addicted by Internet and mobiles.
(iv)People are suffering from different problems
like sleeplessness, loneliness, information
explosion, restlessness etc.
(v)They waste time in the name of saving time.
(vi)They also depend on mobile phones for each
and every small things like, sharing
ideas/thoughts, talking with each other,
spending leisure time etc.
3.E-mail has replaced letters. Explain with
examples.
Ans-E-mail has replaced letters as they-
(i)can be forwarded to as many contacts we
wish.
(ii)are cost effective and earlier.
(iii)are quicker to write and send.
(iv)can be used through mobile phone also if
there is no computer/laptop.
(v)ensure the safety transportation of our mails
to the addressee instantly.
(vi)are quite secured.
[Link] has internet made communication
almost instant?
Ans-Internet has made communication almost
instant.
(i)The internet facility enable us to establish
communication with others almost instantly.
(ii)Internet helps us in mass communication
through social networking sites like facebook,
twitter, My Space, whatsapp etc.
(iii)It is now a great source of information,
communication, and entertainment.
(iv)Internet also plays an important role in
business, industry, education health care
travelling, etc.
(v)People also stay updated through internet
without spending a lot of time
[Link] four disadvantages of the modern
means of communication.
Ans-(i)The modern means of communication
have harmed the social skills of people.
(ii)People have forgotten the joys of
togetherness, interacting with others, sharing
their thoughts, ideas, etc.
(iii)Mobile phones Internet have become an
addiction.
(iv)The radiation of the modern means of
communication is very harmful for our eyes,
brain and other delicate organs.
(v)People waste their precious time in surfing,
chatting etc. which has made them lazy.
(vi)They are suffering from different problems
like many problems like sleeplessness,
loneliness, information explosion etc.

V. B. Q.
[Link] below 18 years of age should not use
the social networking sites like facebook,
twitter, instagram etc. because it distracts them
from studies and they get addicted. They waste
their precious time and they do not go outside to
play. Sometimes we do not know the right use
of social sites and we get exposed some other
things. Children face problems like loneliness,
lack concentration etc.
2.(i)We must keep the volume of the mobile
less/low.
(ii)We must not keep our mobile ringing for
long time /long period of time.
(iii)We can suggest that person to talk in a slow
voice and behave like a responsible person.
EXTRA QUESTIONS
[Link] do you mean by mass communication?
Give
example.
Ans-Conveying a message to a large number of
people at the same time is called mass
communication. For example- radio, television,
newspaper, books etc.
[Link] was messages sent through telegraph?
Ans-Messages sent through telegraph through a
system of codes.
[Link] the advantages of satellites.
Ans-(i)Now television programmes can be viewed
from any part of the world with the help of satellite.
(ii)It helps to telecast programmes in different
countries or cities.
(iii)Tele conferencing and video conferences are
arranged through satellite.
[Link] is Video Conferencing? Write its
advantages.
Ans-It means to conduct a conference between two
or more participants, who are at different places, by
using computer networks to transmit audio and
video information. Its advantages are –
(i)It is perfect for staff meetings, where the members
are in different cities /countries.
(ii)It saves travel time and money spent on booking
conference halls, travel tickets, hotel, food, etc.

QUESTION PATTERN FOR TERM-II

Dictation Test F.m.-10
1.
2.
3.
4.
 5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

INDIA’S NEIGHBOURS
[Link] the following questions.
[Link] India’s southern neighbour in the sea.
Ans-India’s southern neighbour in the sea are
Sri Lanka.
[Link] language is known as the mother of all
languages?
Ans-Sanskrit is known as the mother of all
languages.
[Link] do you know that India believed in the
policy of peace since olden times?
Ans-(i)India has always followed a path of
peace. History proves that India has never
attacked any country for gaining territory.
(ii)We maintain friendly relations with our
neighbouring as well as far away countries.
(iii)We believe in solving mutual differences
through peaceful means. This policy has helped
us to share cultural and trade relations with our
neighbours since ancient times.
[Link] two cities of India where Urdu is
widely spoken.
Ans-Urdu is widely spoken in Lucknow and
Hyderabad.
[Link] out one similarity and one difference
between Hindi and Urdu.
Ans-Similarities –
(i) Both Hindi and Urdu evolved from Sanskrit.
(ii) Hindi and Urdu are used in both India and
Pakistan.
Differences –
(i) Hindi is written from left to right and Urdu is
written from right to left.
(ii) Hindi uses vocabulary from Sanskrit and
Urdu uses vocabulary from Persian and Arabic.

E) Answer the following questions.

1) List India immediate neighbours and the
direction of their location in respect of India.
Ans. India’s immediate neighbours are Pakistan,
Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, China
and Myanmar. India shares boundaries with
Pakistan in north-west: China, Nepal and
Bhutan in the north; and Myanmar and
Bangladesh in the east. The island of Sri Lanka
is our southern neighbour in the sea.
2) Highlight the similarities of dresses
between India and her neighbours.
Ans There is a great similarity of dresses of
both men and women that are worn in India and
its neighbouring countries –
 Saree and Salwar-kameez are the traditional
dresses in both India and Pakistan. Saree is
also worn in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
 The Mekhla-chadder of north-east India is
similar to the dress of Nepal, Myanmar and
China. In Mynmar, Longyi (sarong) and
Eingyi (blouse) are worn. Similar dress of
Lungi-blouse is worn in South India and Sri
Lanka also.
 The traditional dress worn in Ladakh and
Bhutan and is quite similar to the Hanfu of
China.
 The men in both India and Nepal, favour
kurta-pyjama or shirt/coat with pyjama.
Muslims in many parts of India wear salwar-
kameez i.e. pathani-suit, which is the
traditional dress of Pakistani men.
3) What does the cultural bond with our
neighbours indicate?
Ans. We notice great of food, language and
dresses between India and its neighbouring
countries. These similarities highlight our
cultural bonds. India and its neighbours act as
an unifying bond even in the face of differences.
This shows that India and its neighbouring
countries are a single unit.

5) In your opinion, which are the two main

issues of conflict between two countries who
share their borders?
Ans. In my opinion, the two main issues of
conflict between two countries that share their
borders are-
 Border problems
 Undue interference
Value Based Questions
A policy of peace and harmony leads to better
relations with others. Which qualities can
improve our relations with others? Explain with
examples.
The qualities that can improve our relations
with others are-
 Mutual understanding
 Tolerance
 Gratitude
 Positive attitude/Helping attitude
 Generosity

These are high human virtues which is practiced

can avert any bad situation (man-made) and
bring prosperity and happiness all around