1.
OOP – 30 Questions
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1. Define encapsulation with a practical example.
2. What is abstraction and why is it important?
3. Difference between class and object.
4. Why is method overriding runtime polymorphism?
5. Explain compile-time polymorphism.
6. What is operator overloading in C++?
7. What is a virtual function?
8. Why use virtual destructor?
9. What is constructor overloading?
10. Explain copy constructor with example.
11. Difference between deep and shallow copy.
12. Why Java does not support multiple inheritance?
13. How does Java achieve multiple inheritance?
14. Purpose of 'super' keyword.
15. Purpose of 'this' keyword.
16. What are abstract classes?
17. Difference between interface and abstract class.
18. Explain static method vs instance method.
19. What is static block in Java?
20. Explain memory: stack vs heap.
21. What is method hiding?
22. Define cohesion and coupling.
23. What is composition vs aggregation?
24. What is final keyword in Java?
25. Explain early binding vs late binding.
26. What is diamond problem?
27. What is an initializer list in C++?
28. Why is garbage collection important?
29. Explain SOLID Principles (overview).
30. What is object slicing?
OOP Scenario Questions:
• Design a ride-sharing app using OOP concepts.
• How to design a payment system using polymorphism?
• Secure user password field – where do you use encapsulation?
• Build vehicle classes (Bike, Car, Truck) – where will inheritance help?
• Design an employee hierarchy with manager, team lead, developer.
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2. Database – 30 Questions
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1. Define 1NF, 2NF, 3NF.
2. Why do we normalize data?
3. Difference between primary and unique key.
4. What is foreign key constraint?
5. What is candidate key?
6. Explain ACID properties.
7. What is a transaction?
8. What is an index and why use it?
9. When are indexes harmful?
10. Difference between clustered and non-clustered index.
11. What is INNER JOIN?
12. Difference between INNER and LEFT JOIN.
13. Explain FULL JOIN.
14. What is a subquery?
15. Correlated vs non-correlated subquery.
16. Difference between WHERE and HAVING.
17. Difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE.
18. What is SQL injection?
19. Difference between CHAR and VARCHAR.
20. What is GROUP BY used for?
21. Explain aggregate functions.
22. What is a view?
23. What is a trigger?
24. What is a stored procedure?
25. What is soft delete vs hard delete?
26. What is referential integrity?
27. What is UNION vs UNION ALL?
28. What is LIMIT used for?
29. What is a composite key?
30. How to handle duplicate rows?
Database Scenario Questions:
• Design database for an e-commerce system.
• Design users, roles, permission tables.
• Optimize slow query fetching employee data.
• Design Students–Courses many-to-many relationship.
• Query employees who never submitted a report.
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3. DSA – 30 Questions
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1. What is an algorithm?
2. What is time complexity?
3. What is space complexity?
4. Explain O(1), O(n), O(log n), O(n²).
5. What is a stack?
6. What is a queue?
7. Explain linked list.
8. What is binary search?
9. What is recursion?
10. What is memoization?
11. Explain hashing.
12. What is collision in hashmap?
13. What are trees?
14. What is binary tree?
15. What is BST?
16. Explain BFS.
17. Explain DFS.
18. What is dynamic programming?
19. What is backtracking?
20. What is sliding window?
21. What is two pointers technique?
22. Explain bubble sort.
23. Explain merge sort.
24. Explain quicksort.
25. What is heap?
26. What is priority queue?
27. What is adjacency list?
28. What is cycle detection?
29. What is palindrome?
30. What is prefix sum array?
DSA Coding Tasks:
• Reverse array.
• Rotate array.
• Two-sum using hashmap.
• Move zeroes.
• Maximum subarray sum.
• Remove duplicates.
• Find missing number.
• Count character frequency.
• Merge two sorted arrays.
• Implement binary search.
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4. Software QA – 30 Questions
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1. Difference between QA and QC.
2. What is STLC?
3. What are SDLC models?
4. What is test case?
5. What is test scenario?
6. What is severity?
7. What is priority?
8. Difference between smoke and sanity.
9. What is regression testing?
10. What is retesting?
11. What is black box testing?
12. What is white box testing?
13. What is functional testing?
14. What is non-functional testing?
15. What is UAT?
16. What is boundary value analysis?
17. What is equivalence partitioning?
18. What is exploratory testing?
19. What is ad-hoc testing?
20. How to write a bug report?
21. What is a test plan?
22. What is traceability matrix?
23. What is defect leakage?
24. What is RTM?
25. What is performance testing?
26. What is load testing?
27. What is stress testing?
28. What is API testing?
29. What is usability testing?
30. What is compatibility testing?
QA Scenario Questions:
• Write 10 test cases for login screen.
• Write test cases for signup form.
• Shopping cart not updating – how to test?
• Payment failing randomly – how do you debug?
• Developer rejects your bug – what next?