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U.S. Energy Consumption Trends 1980-2030

The document discusses energy consumption trends in the USA from 1980 to projected figures for 2030, indicating that most energy sources are expected to increase, except for hydropower which remains stable. It highlights the dominance of fossil fuels, particularly petrol and oil, while also noting significant increases in coal consumption. Additionally, it presents unemployment rates across nine countries in 1994 and 2004, showing a general decline in joblessness except for Poland, Germany, and Japan, with Ireland experiencing the most notable decrease.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
6 views9 pages

U.S. Energy Consumption Trends 1980-2030

The document discusses energy consumption trends in the USA from 1980 to projected figures for 2030, indicating that most energy sources are expected to increase, except for hydropower which remains stable. It highlights the dominance of fossil fuels, particularly petrol and oil, while also noting significant increases in coal consumption. Additionally, it presents unemployment rates across nine countries in 1994 and 2004, showing a general decline in joblessness except for Poland, Germany, and Japan, with Ireland experiencing the most notable decrease.

Uploaded by

khanhngoc140108
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

‭Exercise 2‬

‭ rediction structure: Be‬


P
‭expected/proposed/anticipated/forecast/estimated/projected/envisioned to‬
‭V-bare‬
‭Reach parity with each other: bằng với nhau‬
‭Overview:‬
‭30p‬
‭TRENDS:‬
‭Almost all energy sources are expected to increase, >< hydropower -stable‬
‭COMPARISON‬
‭Highest: petrol and oil + HTĐ - remains ….‬

‭ ody1: fossil fuels - viết câu topic sentence‬


B
‭Petrol and Oil - 1980 quá khứ 2005 đổi thì 2030‬
‭Natural Gas/Coal - 1980 - 2005 (bằng nhau) - 2030 (coal more significant‬
‭increase - surpass natural gas by‬

‭ ody 2: topic sentence‬


B
‭All started at … in 1980, followed by increase (...)‬
‭Nuclear and solar showed analogous patterns/trajectories/trends, stabilizing‬
‭before a modest uptick, ending …‬
‭Is expected to decrease - remain ….., fishing the period in the lowest‬
‭ranking/position. /fishing the period as the least common source.‬

‭ he‬‭line‬‭chart‬‭illustrates‬‭how‬‭much‬‭6‬‭different‬‭sources‬‭of‬‭energy‬‭were‬‭consumed‬‭in‬
T
‭the‬ ‭USA‬ ‭from‬ ‭1980‬ ‭to‬ ‭2030‬ ‭projections‬‭,‬ ‭based‬ ‭on‬ ‭the‬ ‭analysis‬ ‭from‬ ‭the‬ ‭Annual‬
‭Energy Outlook in 2008.‬

‭ verall,‬ ‭what‬ ‭immediately‬ ‭stands‬ ‭out‬ ‭when‬ ‭examining‬ ‭the‬ ‭data‬ ‭is‬ ‭that‬ ‭almost‬ ‭all‬
O
‭energy‬ ‭sources‬ ‭are‬ ‭expected‬ ‭to‬ ‭increase‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭consumption‬ ‭level‬‭,‬ ‭with‬ ‭the‬
‭exception‬‭of‬‭hydropower,‬‭which‬‭remains‬‭relatively‬‭stable‬‭throughout‬‭the‬‭period.‬‭It‬
‭is worth mentioning that petrol and oil remain the most commonly used fuels.‬

‭ ocusing‬ ‭first‬ ‭on‬ ‭fossil‬ ‭fuels‬ ‭-‬ ‭petrol‬ ‭and‬ ‭oil,‬ ‭natural‬ ‭gas,‬ ‭and‬ ‭coal‬ ‭-‬ ‭they‬
F
‭consistently‬‭outnumber‬‭ed‬‭renewable‬‭energy‬‭consumption/usage‬‭expenditure‬‭over‬
‭the‬ ‭surveyed‬ ‭period.‬ ‭By‬ ‭1980,‬ ‭petrol‬ ‭and‬ ‭oil‬ ‭usage‬ ‭stood‬ ‭at‬ ‭35‬ ‭quadrillion‬ ‭units‬‭,‬
‭before‬ ‭growing‬ ‭slightly‬ ‭to‬ ‭40‬ ‭quadrillion‬ ‭units‬ ‭in‬ ‭2005,‬ ‭notwithstanding‬ ‭some‬
‭fluctuations.‬ ‭Over‬ ‭the‬ ‭next‬ ‭25‬ ‭years,‬ ‭their‬ ‭consumption‬ ‭is‬ ‭proposed‬ ‭to‬ ‭rise‬
‭continuously‬ ‭by‬ ‭10‬ ‭quadrillion‬‭,‬ ‭ending‬ ‭at‬ ‭…‬ ‭.‬ ‭Trailing‬ ‭behind‬ ‭In‬ ‭contrast‬‭,‬ ‭gas‬ ‭and‬
‭coal‬‭reached‬‭parity‬‭with‬‭each‬‭other‬‭at‬‭nearly‬‭23‬‭quadrillion‬‭by‬‭2005.‬‭However,‬‭coal‬
‭is‬‭forecasted‬‭to‬‭surge‬‭dramatically‬‭to‬‭approximately‬‭33‬‭quadrillion‬‭units‬‭,‬‭surpassing‬
‭natural gas by 6 quadrillion units.‬
‭ urning‬ ‭to‬ ‭nuclear,‬ ‭solar‬‭and‬‭wind,‬‭and‬‭hydropower,‬‭which‬‭are‬‭renewable‬‭sources‬
T
‭of‬ ‭energy‬‭,‬ ‭.‬ ‭All‬ ‭three‬ ‭categories‬ ‭began‬ ‭at‬ ‭roughly‬ ‭4‬ ‭quadrillion‬ ‭in‬ ‭1980,‬ ‭then‬
‭increased‬ ‭marginally‬ ‭by‬ ‭varying‬ ‭degrees‬ ‭over‬ ‭25‬ ‭years‬ ‭later.‬ ‭Following‬ ‭that‬‭then‬‭,‬
‭nuclear‬‭and‬‭solar‬‭power‬‭showed‬‭/exhibited‬‭analogous‬‭patterns,‬‭stabilizing‬‭before‬‭a‬
‭modest‬ ‭uptick,‬ ‭ending‬ ‭at‬ ‭8‬ ‭quadrillion‬ ‭and‬ ‭6‬ ‭quadrillion‬ ‭units,‬ ‭in‬ ‭that‬ ‭order.‬
‭Meanwhile,‬ ‭hydropower‬ ‭is‬ ‭anticipated‬ ‭to‬ ‭remain‬ ‭stable‬ ‭at‬ ‭around‬ ‭3‬ ‭quadrillion‬
‭units‬‭, finishing the period as the least common source‬‭of energy.‬

‭ ood job‬
G
‭TR: 7-8 Số liệu chọn lọc tốt, nhớ ghi đầy đủ đơn vị nhenh‬
‭CC: 7-8: Good division and flow‬
‭LX: 8‬
‭GR: 7-8, some small mistakes with sentences‬
‭OVR: 7.5 Brilliant essay, you’ve learned a lot.‬‭¶‬

‭Sample:‬

‭ he graph provides information from the 2008 Annual Energy Outlook on energy‬
T
‭consumption in the United States from 1980,‬‭with projections‬‭extending to 2030.‬

‭ verall, the consumption of nearly all energy sources is expected to rise, with the‬
O
‭exception of hydropower, which is anticipated to remain stable by the end of the‬
‭period. It is also worth noting that petrol and oil remain the most widely used‬
‭energy sources throughout the timeline.‬

‭ he U.S. predominantly relies on fossil fuels over the surveyed years‬‭.‬‭In 1980, the‬
T
‭consumption of petrol and oil stood at approximately 35 quadrillion units (qu),‬
‭significantly outnumbering the figures for natural gas and coal. After fluctuating‬
‭for about two decades, petrol and oil usage rose to 40 qu in 2005 and is predicted‬
‭to increase steadily afterwards, ending at 50 qu by 2030 and securing its‬
‭preeminence.‬‭Meanwhile,‬‭the consumption level of natural‬‭gas was 20‬
‭quadrillion units in 1980, 5 quadrillion units ahead of coal.‬‭These numbers‬
l‭ater experienced an upward fluctuation, reaching parity with each other at about‬
‭25 quadrillion units in 2005. Thereafter, coal is projected to register a more‬
‭significant increase, reaching over 30 qu by 2030, surpassing that of natural gas‬
‭by 5 qu.‬

‭ enewable resources account for a significantly lower share despite an estimated‬


R
‭uptick. These energy sources all started at about 3 qu, followed by a marginal‬
‭increase over the first 25-year period. Over the ensuing years, analogous patterns‬
‭ re projected to be seen in the figures for nuclear and solar/wind, stabilizing‬
a
‭before a slight rise to end at approximately 8 and 6 quadrillion units, in that order.‬
‭On the other hand, hydropower is projected to dip slightly to its initial level,‬
‭finishing the period as the least prevalent energy source.‬

‭Exercise 3:‬

‭The‬ ‭graph‬‭below‬‭shows‬‭the‬‭percentage‬‭of‬‭people‬‭unemployed‬‭in‬‭the‬‭total‬‭labour‬
‭workforce across 9 countries in 1994 and 2004.‬

‭Country‬ ‭1994‬ ‭2004‬

‭Ireland‬ ‭14.8%‬ ‭4.4%‬

‭Poland‬ ‭12.4%‬ ‭19%‬

‭Italy‬ ‭11.8%‬ ‭8.4%‬

‭Canada‬ ‭10.6%‬ ‭7.7%‬

‭The UK‬ ‭9.5%‬ ‭4.7%‬

‭Germany‬ ‭7%‬ ‭9.4%‬

‭The USA‬ ‭6%‬ ‭5.4%‬

‭Australia‬ ‭7.2%‬ ‭4.7%‬

‭Japan‬ ‭2.7%‬ ‭4.5%‬

‭Intro: Unemployed = jobless = workless = out of work‬


‭Overall:‬
‭+ almost downticks, exception of Poland, Germany, Japan‬
‭+ Biggest change: Ireland, Poland‬
‭Body 1: Downticks trend‬
‭+‬‭Ireland‬‭significantly‬‭decreased‬‭roughly‬‭3‬‭times,‬‭following‬‭by‬‭The‬‭UK‬‭decrease‬‭2‬
‭times/ overtook Ireland‬
‭+ Italia, Canada, the USA, Australia decline significantly‬
‭Body 2: Upticks trend‬
‭+ Poland most change, biggest data‬
‭+ Germany and Japan change little, ⅓ Poland‬

‭The‬ ‭table‬ ‭illustrates‬ ‭the‬ ‭proportion‬ ‭of‬ ‭individuals‬ ‭who‬ ‭are‬ ‭jobless‬ ‭in‬ ‭9‬ ‭different‬
‭countries over‬‭the‬‭two years 1994 and 2004.‬

‭Overall,‬ ‭what‬ ‭immediately‬ ‭stands‬ ‭out‬ ‭when‬ ‭examining‬ ‭the‬ ‭data‬ ‭is‬ ‭that‬ ‭almost‬ ‭all‬
‭categories‬ ‭experienced‬ ‭downswings‬ ‭in‬ ‭joblessness‬ ‭downtick‬ ‭trends‬‭,‬ ‭with‬ ‭the‬
‭exceptions‬ ‭of‬ ‭Poland,‬ ‭Germany‬‭,‬ ‭and‬ ‭Japan,‬ ‭which‬‭witnessed‬‭a‬‭slight‬‭increase.‬‭It‬‭is‬
‭worth‬ ‭mentioning‬ ‭that‬ ‭Ireland‬ ‭had‬ ‭the‬ ‭highest‬ ‭unemployment‬ ‭rate‬ ‭in‬ ‭1994;‬
‭however, in 2004, Poland recorded the highest figure among all countries.‬
‭Good‬ ‭nhưng‬ ‭có‬ ‭thể‬ ‭tham‬ ‭khảo‬ ‭mẫu‬ ‭này‬ ‭để‬ ‭đẩy‬ ‭điểm‬ ‭vocab‬ ‭vs‬ ‭grammar‬ ‭nhé:‬ ‭The‬
‭table‬ ‭provides‬ ‭information‬ ‭about‬ ‭the‬ ‭unemployment‬ ‭rates‬ ‭of‬‭nine‬‭countries‬‭in‬‭1994‬‭and‬
‭2004.‬
‭ verall,‬‭what immediately stands out when examining‬‭the data is‬‭that the majority of‬
O
‭surveyed nations successfully curbed unemployment, except for Poland, Germany, and‬
‭Japan, which saw this issue worsen. It is also important to note that Ireland, which once‬
‭reported the highest joblessness level, ended the period with the lowest data, contrasting‬
‭sharply with Poland, which recorded the highest unemployment by the end of the period.‬
‭Looking‬ ‭first‬ ‭at‬ ‭the‬ ‭data‬ ‭of‬ ‭6‬ ‭different‬ ‭countries‬ ‭where‬ ‭unemployment‬ ‭fell‬ ‭by‬
‭varying‬ ‭degrees‬‭-‬‭Ireland,‬‭Italy,‬‭Canada,‬‭the‬‭UK,‬‭the‬‭USA,‬‭and‬‭Australia.‬ ‭Mình‬‭chia‬
‭làm hai đoạn đi‬

‭Looking‬ ‭first‬ ‭at‬ ‭countries‬ ‭where‬ ‭employment‬ ‭reduced‬‭significantly,‬‭in‬‭In‬‭1994,‬‭the‬


‭proportion‬ ‭of‬ ‭people‬ ‭who‬ ‭were‬ ‭out‬ ‭of‬ ‭work‬ ‭in‬ ‭Ireland‬‭dropped‬‭dramatically,‬‭from‬
‭14.8%‬ ‭in‬ ‭1994‬ ‭to‬ ‭4.4%‬ ‭in‬ ‭2004,‬ ‭becoming‬ ‭the‬ ‭country‬ ‭with‬ ‭the‬ ‭lowest‬ ‭rate‬ ‭of‬
‭workless‬‭people.‬‭Similarly,‬‭albeit‬‭to‬‭a‬‭lower‬‭degree,‬‭the‬‭UK’s‬‭figure‬‭stood‬‭at‬‭9.5%‬‭by‬
‭1994, before halving to roughly 4.7%‬‭over‬‭a decade‬‭later‬‭.‬

‭Regarding‬‭nations‬‭with‬‭modest‬‭drops‬‭,‬‭Meanwhile‬‭,‬‭the‬‭percentage‬‭of‬‭jobless‬‭people‬
‭in‬ ‭Italy,‬ ‭Canada,‬ ‭Australia,‬‭and‬‭the‬‭USA‬‭were‬‭approximately‬‭11.8%,‬‭10.6%,‬‭7.2%,‬‭and‬
‭6%,‬‭respectively,‬‭after‬‭which‬‭these‬‭figures‬‭declined‬‭by‬‭nearly‬‭3%‬‭percentage‬‭points‬
‭over‬‭the‬‭surveyed‬‭timeline.‬‭By‬‭2004,‬‭the‬‭employment‬‭rate‬‭s‬‭of‬‭these‬‭countries‬‭were‬
‭8.4%,‬ ‭7.7%,‬ ‭4.7%,‬ ‭and‬ ‭5.4%‬‭,‬ ‭in‬ ‭that‬ ‭order.‬ ‭Chỗ‬ ‭này‬ ‭nên‬ ‭tách‬‭US‬‭ra‬‭1‬‭câu‬‭nhé‬‭vì‬‭nó‬
‭khác mức tăng‬
‭Turning‬‭to‬‭Poland,‬‭Germany,‬‭and‬‭Japan,‬‭these‬‭countries‬‭saw‬‭their‬‭where‬‭the‬‭figures‬
‭for‬ ‭of‬ ‭unemployed‬ ‭people‬‭/residents‬ ‭increase‬ ‭witnessed‬ ‭upswings‬ ‭over‬ ‭the‬
‭surveyed‬ ‭timeline.‬ ‭In‬ ‭1994,‬ ‭12.4%‬ ‭was‬ ‭the‬ ‭employment‬ ‭rate‬ ‭in‬ ‭of‬ ‭Poland‬ ‭Polish‬
‭unemployment‬‭,‬ ‭which‬ ‭rose‬ ‭before‬ ‭rising‬ ‭to‬ ‭19%‬ ‭in‬ ‭2004,‬ ‭which‬ ‭was‬ ‭the‬ ‭highest‬
‭figure‬‭recorded‬‭in‬‭the‬‭table.‬‭Germany‬‭and‬‭Japan‬‭rates‬‭showed‬‭a‬‭more‬‭modest‬‭rise‬‭s‭,‬‬
‭from‬‭7%‬‭and‬‭2.7%‬‭to‬‭9.4%‬‭and‬‭4.5%‬‭,‬ ‭respectively‬‭,‬‭in‬‭2004,‬‭which‬‭were‬‭twofold‬‭and‬
‭fourfold lower than Poland‬‭’s‬‭'‬‭rate in the given order.‬

‭Generally, a good essay‬


‭TR: 7 (rất có tiềm năng để 8, vì bạn nhìn ra được rất nhiều pattern nổi bật)‬
‭CC:‬‭7‬‭-‬‭hơi‬‭bất‬‭ổn‬‭ở‬‭việc‬‭bạn‬‭gộp‬‭body‬‭1,‬‭nó‬‭hơi‬‭dài,‬‭bạn‬‭hoàn‬‭toàn‬‭có‬‭thể‬‭cắt‬‭làm‬‭2‬
‭body đc mà‬
‭LX:‬‭7‬‭hơi‬‭thiếu‬‭chút‬‭topic-specific‬‭vocab‬‭để‬‭lên‬‭8‬‭nhưng‬‭ko‬‭seo‬‭vì‬‭cái‬‭này‬‭bạn‬‭sẽ‬‭tích‬
‭góp dần theo bài nhé.‬
‭GR: 7-8 vẫn là 1 xíu lỗi về câu, cấu trúc và cần đa dạng thêm xíu nè‬
‭OVR:‬ ‭7‬ ‭-‬ ‭need‬ ‭a‬ ‭little‬ ‭bit‬ ‭to‬ ‭score‬ ‭7.5‬ ‭Good‬ ‭Job‬ ‭Ngọc,‬ ‭Hope‬ ‭that‬ ‭you‬ ‭can‬‭score‬‭at‬
‭least 7.5 in writing.‬

‭Sample‬
‭ he table provides information about the unemployment rates of nine countries in 1994‬
T
‭and 2004.‬
‭Overall,‬‭what immediately stands out when examining‬‭the data is‬‭that the majority of‬
‭surveyed nations successfully‬‭curbed unemployment,‬‭except for Poland, Germany, and‬
‭Japan, which saw this issue worsen. It is also important to note that Ireland, which once‬
‭reported the highest joblessness level, ended the period with the lowest data, contrasting‬
‭sharply with Poland, which recorded the highest unemployment by the end of the period.‬

‭ ooking first at nations demonstrating modest declines, in 1994, the proportions of‬
L
‭unemployed workers in Italy, Canada, and Australia were 11.8%, 10.6%, and 7.2%,‬
‭respectively. By 2004, these nations saw their figures decrease by roughly 3 percentage‬
‭points, ending at 8.4%, 7.7%, and 4.7%, in that order. Likewise, albeit to a much smaller‬
‭extent, the US experienced a negligible fall in unemployment, from 6% to 5.4%.‬

‭ urning to countries showing significant drops, in 1994, Ireland demonstrated the highest‬
T
‭unemployment rate, with 14.8% of its total‬‭workforce‬‭failing to find a job‬‭. However, 10‬
‭years later, this nation impressively lowered its joblessness rate to 4.4%, the lowest data‬
‭recorded in the survey. In a similar pattern, but to a lower degree, the figure for the UK‬
‭nearly halved from 9.5% in 1994 to only 4.7% by the end of the timeline.‬

‭ n the other hand,‬‭joblessness worsened‬‭in Poland,‬‭Germany, and Japan during the‬


O
‭surveyed period. Notably, the most significant growth was recorded in Poland, rising‬
‭from 12.4% to 19% over the period, eventually exhibiting the highest unemployment rate‬
‭among the nine countries. Meanwhile, starting at 7% and 2.7%, Germany and Japan‬
‭experienced a slight increase of roughly 2 percentage points, concluding at 9.4% and‬
‭4.5%, in that order.‬

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