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Electron Velocity and Energy Calculations

This homework sheet for Chemistry 1A includes calculations for the velocity and wavelength of an electron with 100 eV kinetic energy, the largest energy gap in He+, sketches of waveforms, and the completion of quantum numbers for atomic orbitals. It also requires sketches of orbital lobes and writing electron configurations for specified elements. The document provides a structured approach to various chemistry concepts related to quantum mechanics and atomic structure.

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pneumono80
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31 views3 pages

Electron Velocity and Energy Calculations

This homework sheet for Chemistry 1A includes calculations for the velocity and wavelength of an electron with 100 eV kinetic energy, the largest energy gap in He+, sketches of waveforms, and the completion of quantum numbers for atomic orbitals. It also requires sketches of orbital lobes and writing electron configurations for specified elements. The document provides a structured approach to various chemistry concepts related to quantum mechanics and atomic structure.

Uploaded by

pneumono80
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

School of Chemistry

Chemistry 1A
(CHEM1111)

Homework sheet 3 (Week 3)

1. Calculate the velocity and the wavelength of an electron with a kinetic energy
of 100 eV. (Note that kinetic energy = p 2/(2m) with p = momentum and m =
mass.)

1 eV = 1.602 x 10-19

100 eV = 1.602 x 10-17

p2 = 1.602 x 10-17 x 2 x 9.1094 x 10-31

p2 = 2.918… x 10-47

p = 5.402… x 10-24

λ = 6.626 x 10-34 / 5.402… x 10-24

λ = 1.23 x 10-10 m = 1.23 Å

E = ½ x mv2

v2 = 2E/m

v2 = 2 x 1.602 x 10-17 / 9.1094 x 10-31

v2 = 3.517… x 1013

v = 5.93 x 106 ms-1


2. Calculate the largest energy gap between any two adjacent energy levels in
He+ using the expression below for the energy level of an electron with
quantum number n in a hydrogen-like atom.

En   ER Z where ER  18
J
2
2.1810
n2

As n→∞, ΔEn → 0

Therefore, the largest energy gap between orbitals is between the first and second.
−18 2
−2.18 ×1 0 ×2 −18
E 1= 2
=−8.72 ×1 0
1
−18 2
−2.18 ×1 0 ×2 −18
E 2= 2
=−2.18 × 10
2

ΔE = -2.18 x 10-18 + 8.72 x 10-18 = 6.54 x 10-18 J

4. Sketch the radial part of the 2-D waveform shown below on the axes provided,
and identify the nodes. ‘0’ denotes the centre of the drumhead and ‘r’ the
perimeter.

0 r

0 r
5. Complete the table below by filling in the quantum numbers that describe the
following atomic orbitals. The 4d orbital has been completed as an example.

Orbital n l m1
4d 4 2 -2,-1,0,1,2
1s 1 0 0
3p 3 1 -1, 0, 1
5d 5 2 -2, -1, 0, 1, 2

6. Sketch the lobe representations of a 2p and a 3p orbital.

7. Write out the electron configurations for the following elements in the two
formats shown for aluminium.

e.g. Al [Ne]3s23p1 [Ne] ↑↓ ↑


2 4
(a) O [He]2s 2p [He] ↑↓ ↑↓↑↓
2 10 1
(b) Ga [Ar]4s 3d 4p [Ar] ↑↓ ↑↓↑↓↑↓↑↓↑↓ ↑
1
(c) Fr [Rn]7s [Rn] ↑

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