Real Numbers
• Euclid’s Division Lemma: a = bq + r
• HCF using Euclid algorithm
• Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic
• Irrational proofs (√2, √3 etc.)
• LCM–HCF relation: LCM×HCF = a×b
Polynomials
• Linear, quadratic, cubic polynomials
• Zeroes & graph meaning
• Relation of zeroes with coefficients
• Division algorithm
Linear Equations
• ax + by + c = 0
• Substitution, elimination
• Consistent, inconsistent systems
• Graphical representation
Quadratic Equations
• Standard form ax²+bx+c
• Discriminant D = b² – 4ac
• Nature of roots
• Quadratic formula
Arithmetic Progressions
• a■ = a + (n–1)d
• S■ = n/2 [2a+(n–1)d]
• Finding d, n, term, sum
Triangles
• Similarity: AA, SSS, SAS
• Pythagoras theorem
• BPT theorem
• Area ratio of similar triangles
Coordinate Geometry
• Distance formula
• Section formula
• Midpoint formula
• Area of triangle
Intro to Trigonometry
• Ratios sin, cos, tan etc.
• Standard angle values
• Trig identities
Applications of Trigonometry
• Height & distance
• Elevation & depression
Circles
• Tangent perpendicular to radius
• Number of tangents
Areas Related to Circles
• Sector & segment
• Area of circle
SAV
• Surface areas of solids
• Volumes of solids
• Frustum formulas
Statistics
• Mean, median, mode
• Ogive basics
Probability
• Classical probability
• Complementary events