Metal instruments
by
samir H mahmoud
• Uses: Scalpel
The usual blades
used in surgery
are #10 or #20 .
Blade #11is used
in abscess
drainage .
Blade #15 is used
for vascular &
plastic surgery
Non toothed
forceps
• Uses:
1- Dissection of
delicate structures,
e.g. blood vessels,
intestine (the
fenestrated type) .
2- Dissection of
hernial sac from
vessels of spermatic
cord.
Toothed
forceps
• uses:
Holding tough
structures, e.g.
skin,
subcutaneous
tissue, fascia,
muscles,
aponeurosis .
Sponge-holding
forceps
• uses:
1. To hold pieces of
gauze for
cleaning of the
skin .
2. Cleaning the
depth of
operative field
from blood .
3. For dressing of
wounds .
4. As a retractor
Curved&
Straight artery
forceps
• Uses:
1. Catch the bleeding
point (hemostat).
2. .Clamping a vessel
between two
forceps then
dividing in
between the two
3. Catch peritoneum
or aponcurosis.
4. Opening abscess
cavity (Hilton's
method) .
5. Dressing.
Mosquito
forceps
• Uses:
1. Catch the
bleeding point
(hemostat).
2. Opening
abscess cavity
(Hilton's
method) .
3. Dressing.
Kocher
forceps
• Uses:
1- Holding & traction
on tough structures,
e.g. sole of foot, rectus
sheath in paramedian
incision.
2-. Crushing the base of
the appendix 3 times
before incision of
appendectomy .
3- Clamping vascular
bands or omentum.
4- Bone surgery .
5- Radical mastectomy
Kocher & artery forceps
Allis
forceps
• Uses: .
1. To hold
structures like
tendon, urinary
bladder,
mesoappendix
& skin.
2. To hold the
duodenum for
duodenal
closure during
gastrectomy.
Babcock’s
forceps
• Uses:
1. Holding
intestine,
appendix &
other delicate
structures.
2. lt can be used
in the following
operations: o
Arpcndicectomy
Gasterectormy
Resection of
intestines.
Gland
forceps
• Uses:
1. Holding lymph node
during lymph node
biopsy.
2. Holding
submandibular
salivary gland in
sialadenectomy. .
3. Holding thyroid
gland in
thyroidectomy
(specially in
retrostemal goiter)
Appendicular or
intestinal holding
forceps
• Uses:
Holding appendix or
intestine.
Towel clip
• Uses
1. To hold & fix
towels to the
skin around
the field of
operation.
Needle
holder
• Uses:
1. To hold the
curved
needles.
2. Straight types
are used in
superficial
sutures.
3. Curved types
are used in
deep sutures.
Scissor
• Uses:
1. For careful
tissue
dissection.
2. To remove
stitches.
3. Cutting the
dressing &
bandages
Right angle
clamp
• Uses:
1. Is used to clamp
hard-to-reach
vessels
2. To place sutures
behind or
around a vessel.
3. To place sutures
around cystic
duct during
cholecystectomy
Non –crushing
• Uses: . intestinal clamp
1. Occlusion of the viable
loops of the intestine or
colon in
2. resection anastomosis of
the intestine
Advantages :
1. It occludes the viscous
lumen & prevents spillage
of the intestinal bowel
contents . I
2. t temporarily occludes
circulation of the bowel
wall and thus keeps the
operative field free of
blood .
3. It facilitates anastomosis
by allowing the bowel
ends to be approximated
& manipulated .
4. I does not interfere with
the vascularity of the
intestine
Suction
nozzle
• Uses
for suction of
blood or any
leakeged fluid
to keep field dry
Basin
• Uses:
Container for
antiseptic
solution or saline
Bone
cutting
Uses:
1. To divide small
bones like
phalanges of
fingers & toes
2. Cut bony
processes of
small sizes .
3. Circumcision
Self retaining
anal retractor
• Uses :
Retraction of anal
walls durin g anal
surgeries
Fistula
director
• Uses:
1. To probe anal
fistula to diagnose
the length &
direction .
2. To probe pilonidal
sinus or fistula .
3. To probe any
fistula or sinus .
4. The fistula is laid
open by cutting it
along the groove
of the director .
Stone
• Uses: forceps
1. Removal of
stones from
the common
bile duct .
2. It can also be
used to
remove small
oval or
ureteric
stones
Deaver
Abdominal
retractor
• Uses : Retraction
of the liver during
vagotomy,
choleIcystectomy
& gastrectomy.
Morris
retractor
• Uses :
Retraction of
large abdominal
wound during
laparotomy,
cholecystectomy,
splenectomy,
renal & ureteric
operations &
pelvic operations
Langenbeck
retractor
• Uses:
To retract skin
and muscles
during the
operations of
appendicectomy,
thyroidectomy,
herniorrhaphy
and uretroli
thotomy
Hook
retractor
Uses:
Retraction of
nerves, vessels
and tendons.
retraction of
skin
Self retaining
• Uses: In large
abdominal surgeries abdominal
• Advantage of of self retractor
retaining retractors .
1. They allow the
assistant to do other
jobs during the
operation .
2. The amount of
traction can be
adjusted by changing
the position of the
blades in the frames .
3. The traction applied
in uniform unlike the
human hand and
traction tiredness
does not occur