Synchronous Alternator Exercises and Calculations
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ScribdTranslationsSynchronous Alternator Exercises and Calculations
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I. Exercise No. 1: simple application
A three-phase alternator runs at 250 RPM and produces an EMF with a frequency of 50 Hz.
What is the number of poles of the stator?
A three-phase alternator produces an electromotive force at a frequency of 60 Hz. It has 12 poles.
What is its rotation frequency?
3. A video, a single-phase alternator, with permanent magnets, provides an emf of value
effective 220 V when the polar wheel turns at 500 rpm.
What is the frequency if the polar wheel rotates at 600 rpm.
4. The nameplate of an alternator carries the following information: 60 kVA;
220/380 V; 6 poles.
What is the effective current intensity in line?
A 220/380 V, 50 Hz three-phase alternator powers a three-phase asynchronous motor.
which absorbs a power of 3 kW. The power factor of the motor is 0.9.
What is the intensity of the current in line?
II. Exercise no. 2:
A single-phase alternator has 4 poles. The resistance of its armature is 0.4Ω.
1) During a no-load test, the voltage in the armature is an effective value of 240 V and its frequency
is 50 Hz. What is the rotation frequency?
The alternator supplies a load carrying a current of 40 A. The effective voltage at the
The charge terminals are 196 V. The load is inductive, with a power factor of 0.9.
2. What is the power absorbed by the load?
3. Calculate the voltage drop across the alternator terminals?
4. What are the losses other than Joule effect in the armature knowing that the
the output of the alternator's rotor is 0.8?
III. Exercise No. 3:
The phase-to-phase voltage of a star-coupled three-phase alternator is 13 kV. The alternator
delivers a current of effective intensity 6,000 A in a balanced three-phase load whose
the power factor is 0.85.
1) What are the active, reactive, and apparent powers of the load?
2) Knowing that the efficiency of the alternator is 98.5%, calculate the power losses.
from the alternator as well as the power it absorbs.
IV. Exercise 4:
A single-phase synchronous generator (or alternator) is driven by a motor.
of the automobile (belt drive), in order to recharge the accumulator battery.
We recorded, using an oscilloscope, the shape, as a function of time, of the voltage v delivered by
the synchronous generator at no load (figure 1).
Figure 1
Time base: 0.25 ms/div.
Tension: 10 V/div.
3. Determine the maximum voltage Vmaxdelivered by the no-load generator. Deduce the
effective tension V under no load.
4. Determine the period of the voltage recorded in figure 1. Deduce its frequency.
5. The synchronous generator provides a sinusoidal current with an effective intensity of I = 55 A
to the rectifier system that recharges the accumulator battery.
Under these conditions, an effective voltage V = 14.4 V is measured across the generator terminals;
the power factor is equal to cos = 0.90.
6. Calculer la puissance active P fournie par la génératrice.
7. Calculate the corresponding reactive power Q.
8. Deduce the efficiency of the generator, knowing that it receives from the motor
of the car a total mechanical power Pm = 1.10 kW.
V. Exercise 5:
A single-phase alternator must provide a voltage of 230V-50Hz to replace the EDF network in
case of outages lasting more than a few minutes.
1) At what rotational speed, in rpm, should the rotor of this machine turn if it
does it have 2 poles?
During a power outage, the alternator delivers a current of 27 A under 220 V.
50 Hz, with a power factor of 0.8.
2) Calculate the apparent power of the alternator under these conditions
3) Calculate the useful active power and the reactive power provided by this machine;
4) Deduce the efficiency of the alternator if the diesel engine provides it with torque of
moment Tword15.9 N.m at the calculated rotation frequency from question 1.
VI. Exercise 6: Study of the single-phase alternator with constant excitation
No-load operation (without electrical load).
In this case, the effective value EVthe voltage across the armature can be expressed as
form EVIn this expression, n is the rotational frequency of the rotor expressed in
tr.s-1Φ is the maximum magnetic flux under a pole expressed in Wb, K is the constant of Kapp.
N is the number of conductors and p is the number of pairs of poles. E is measured.V= 20 V for
n = 25 tr.s-1.
1) Calculate the frequency f of the voltage across the armature for n = 25 rev/min.-1, knowing that
p = 6.
2) Why can we say that the single-phase alternator operates at constant flux?
3) We can simplify the expression EV= K.N.p.n.φen EV= k.n. Justify this relationship of
proportionality between EVand n.
Operation under load
The single-phase alternator runs at a rotation frequency of n = 25 rpm.-1Its charge is purely
resistive. It delivers a current of intensity 8 A.
The figure opposite represents the simplified model of
the induced of the alternator.
The value of the reactance is given: Xs 1.57Ω
The resistance of the winding is neglected.
4. Knowing that the rotor rotation frequency is n = 25 rpm-1, give the value
effective Evfrom the voltage across the armature.
5. Calculate the effective value Uxs of the tension uxs(t) at the terminals of the reactance Xs.
6. What relationship do we have between E
thev, vectors
xs andV ?
7. Trace on the answer document, respecting the scale, the vector diagram
corresponding to the tensions ev(t), uxs(t) and v(t).
8. Measure the effective value Veffof the output voltage v(t) on this diagram
vectorial.
9. Calculate the electrical power delivered by this alternator.
The power Pedissipated in the inductor is: Pand= 23 W. The total of other losses is estimated
at 20 W.
10. Deduce the efficiency of the alternator for this operation.