Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
PROBLEM SET 2
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
ME 431 – THERMODYNAMICS
Submitted by:
LAST NAME, FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL
SR-Code
SECTION
SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. DHINMAR JOSEPH D. ADAO
INSTRUCTOR
December 2025
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
Problem 1
A gas turbine compresses 1.5 kilograms of air isentropically from an initial state of
100 kilopascals and 300 kelvins to a final pressure of 500 kilopascals. Assume air behaves
𝐽
as an ideal gas with 𝑅 = 287 𝑘𝑔−𝐾 and k=1.4. Determine the final temperature, the final
specific volume,
College of and the
Engineering work inputof
- Department required for the
Mechanical compression.
Engineering
Problem 2
A nozzle accelerates air isentropically from an initial stagnation state of 400
kilopascals and 600 kelvins to an exit pressure of 100 kilopascals. The mass flow rate is 2.0
kilograms per second. Calculate the exit velocity of the air and the exit temperature.
𝐽
Assume ideal-gas behavior with 𝑅 = 287 𝑘𝑔−𝐾 and k=1.4.
Problem 3
A reciprocating compressor compresses 1.2 kilograms of air polytropically
following 𝑝𝑣 𝑛 with n=1.3. The initial state is 100 kilopascals and 300 kelvins, and the final
𝐽
pressure is 400 kilopascals. Using 𝑅 = 287 𝑘𝑔−𝐾, determine the final temperature, the work
done on the air, and the heat transfer during the process.
Problem 4
A cylinder contains 2.0 kilograms of air at 200 kilopascals and 350 kelvins. The air
expands polytropically with exponent n=1.2 until the pressure drops to 100 kilopascals.
Calculate the final temperature, the work done by the air, and the heat transfer. Assume
ideal‑gas behavior.
Problem 5
A Carnot heat engine operates between a hot reservoir at 600 kelvins and a cold
reservoir at 300 kelvins. The working fluid is 1.5 kilograms of air. During the isothermal
expansion at 600 kelvins, the volume increases from 0.4 cubic meters to 1.2 cubic meters.
Determine the heat absorbed, the heat rejected, the work net per cycle, and the thermal
efficiency.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation
Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]
College of Engineering - Department of Mechanical Engineering
Problem 6
A Carnot refrigerator operates between a cold reservoir at 270 kelvins and a hot
reservoir at 330 kelvins. The working fluid is 1.0 kilogram of air. During the isothermal
compression at 270 kelvins, the volume decreases from 0.8 cubic meters to 0.2 cubic
meters. Calculate the heat rejected, the heat absorbed from the cold reservoir, the work
Collegeand
input, of Engineering - Department
the coefficient of Mechanical
of performance (COP). Engineering
Problem 7
An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. The working fluid is air initially at
100 kilopascals and 300 kelvins. Heat is added at constant volume until the maximum
𝐽
temperature reaches 2000 kelvins. Using 𝑅 = 287 𝑘𝑔−𝐾 and k=1.4, determine the
temperatures at all states, the work net per cycle, the thermal efficiency, and the mean
effective pressure.
Problem 8
An ideal Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 16 and a cut‑off ratio of 2. The
working fluid is air initially at 100 kilopascals and 300 kelvins. Heat is added at constant
𝐽
pressure until the maximum temperature reaches 1800 kelvins. Using 𝑅 = 287 𝑘𝑔−𝐾 and
k=1.34, calculate the temperatures at all states, the work net per cycle, the thermal
efficiency, and the mean effective pressure.
Problem 9
An ideal Dual Combustion cycle has a compression ratio of 15, a constant-volume
heat addition ratio of 1.5, and a constant-pressure heat addition ratio of 1.2. The working
fluid is air initially at 100 kilopascals and 300 kelvins. The maximum temperature after heat
𝑘𝐽
addition is 2000 kelvins. Using 𝑅 = 0.287 𝑘𝑔−𝐾 and k=1.4, determine the temperatures at all
states, the net work per cycle, the thermal efficiency, and the mean effective pressure.
Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation