Python Cheatsheet (Extended)
Basics
# Variable assignment
x = 10 # Integer
name = "Alice" # String
pi = 3.14 # Float
flag = True # Boolean
Type Conversion
int("5") # Converts string to int 5
float("3.14") # Converts string to float 3.14
str(123) # Converts int to string "123"
bool(0) # False, non-zero is True
Control Flow
if x > 0:
pass
elif x == 0:
pass
else:
pass
for i in range(5): # 0 to 4
print(i)
while condition:
break # Exit loop
continue # Skip to next iteration
Lists
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
[Link]("orange")
[Link](1, "mango")
[Link]()
[Link]("banana")
[Link]()
sorted(fruits)
[Link]()
[Link]()
len(fruits)
Dictionaries
person = {"name": "Bob", "age": 30}
[Link]()
[Link]()
[Link]()
[Link]("name")
[Link]({"age": 31})
[Link]("name")
Sets
s = {1, 2, 3}
[Link](4)
[Link]([5, 6])
[Link](2)
[Link](10)
[Link]({4, 5})
[Link]({2, 3})
Tuples
t = (1, 2, 3)
len(t)
[Link](2)
[Link](3)
Built-in Functions
abs(-5)
round(3.1415, 2)
max([1, 2, 3])
min([1, 2, 3])
sum([1, 2, 3])
sorted([3, 1, 2])
list(range(5))
enumerate(['a', 'b'])
zip([1,2], ['a','b'])
String Methods
text = " Hello World! "
[Link]()
[Link]()
[Link]()
[Link]("Hello", "Hi")
[Link]()
"-".join(["a", "b"])
[Link](" H")
[Link]("!")
len(text)
Exception Handling
try:
x = 1 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError as e:
print("Error:", e)
else:
print("No error!")
finally:
print("Always runs")
Functions
def greet(name="World"):
return f"Hello, {name}"
square = lambda x: x * x
Classes & OOP
class Dog:
def __init__(self, name):
[Link] = name
def bark(self):
print(f"{[Link]} says Woof!")
d = Dog("Buddy")
[Link]()
List Comprehensions
squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]
evens = [x for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]
File Handling
with open("[Link]", "w") as f:
[Link]("Hello\n")
with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
print([Link]())
with open("[Link]", "a") as f:
[Link]("World\n")
Useful Modules
import math
[Link](16)
[Link]
import random
[Link](1, 10)
from datetime import datetime
[Link]()
import os
[Link]()
[Link]()