Basic Electronics – Expanded Short Answers
1. What is electricity?
Electricity is the flow of electric charge through a conductor.
2. What is voltage?
Voltage is the electrical potential difference between two points.
3. What is current?
Current is the flow of electric charge in a circuit.
4. What is resistance?
Resistance opposes the flow of electric current.
5. What is Ohm’s Law?
Ohm’s Law states V = IR.
6. What is a resistor?
A resistor limits or controls current in a circuit.
7. What is a potentiometer?
A variable resistor used to adjust voltage or current.
8. What is a capacitor?
A component that stores electrical energy in an electric field.
9. What is capacitance?
The ability of a capacitor to store charge.
10. What is an inductor?
A component that stores energy in a magnetic field.
11. What is inductance?
The property of a conductor that opposes change in current.
12. What is a diode?
A diode allows current to flow in only one direction.
13. What is a Zener diode?
A diode that allows reverse current after breakdown voltage.
14. What is a transistor?
A semiconductor device used for switching or amplification.
15. What is an LED?
A Light Emitting Diode that emits light when current passes.
16. What is AC?
Alternating Current changes direction periodically.
17. What is DC?
Direct Current flows in one fixed direction.
18. What is a fuse?
A safety device that melts and breaks the circuit during overload.
19. What is a relay?
An electrically operated switch.
20. What is a multimeter?
A device that measures voltage, current, and resistance.
21. What is a transformer?
A device used to increase or decrease AC voltage.
22. What is a rectifier?
A circuit that converts AC to DC.
23. What is a sensor?
A device that detects changes in physical conditions.
24. What is a PCB?
Printed Circuit Board that connects electronic components.
25. What is a microcontroller?
A small computer on a chip used for control applications.
26. What is an integrated circuit (IC)?
A small chip containing many electronic components.
27. What is frequency?
The number of cycles per second in AC signals.
28. What is a battery?
A device that stores chemical energy and provides DC power.
29. What is impedance?
Total opposition to AC, including resistance and reactance.
30. What is a switch?
A device used to open or close an electrical circuit.