Q1.
The plan view of river kulfo neat the bridge is given in figure below (not in
scale). Depending on this figure, answer the following questions. The river of a
braiding type.
i. During flood season there is a level erosion at point (1) & (2) which is propagating to
the town (at 1) and road (at 2) directions. As a river engineer what are your
permanent bank protection solutions? (support your answer with sketches on the
darning)
ii. It is observed that the current bridge site has some geological problems and it is
expected to shift the bridge to d/s directions b/n points (3) and (4). However, the
river width here is so big which makes the span of the bridge big. Therefore, the
river should be constricted to a certain economically feasible width. What is (are)
the permanent river training work (s) go recommend to constrict this river width?
give rough sketches & dimensions.
iii. Design the revetment (side and bed) protection of the above proposed river training
work in section (i) according to shilds criteria with the following data.
Also explain how you determine the toe level, crest level and side slopes for
both i & ii.
Q2. The following plan view shows some u/s section of river blate. For certain reasons
the bend is recommended to be cut as shown in figure.
i) What are the main aims we cut a bend of a meandering river as a permanent
river training works?
ii) After the bend is cut draw and show the morphological conditions (i.e slopes &
bed levels) of the river reach b/n points A & D (a)during initial conditions (b)
intermediate conditions and (c) At equilibrium and comment on the future
development of this river for agriculture.
iii) What are some of the temporary river channel traing works?
Q3. Figure below shows a successive weirs constructed to regulate water level.
i) What are the main aims of water level regulation of a river?
ii) What are the morphological consequences (bed level &slopes) of the construction
of fixed of weirs to control water level during
a) initial condition
b) Intermediate condition
c) Equilibrium stage
Q4. i) What are the different ways of controlling discharge?
ii) Due to discharge control measures (say a dam) on rivers what are the
morphological consequences of the river bed level slope or sediment tranport
d) up stream and
e) Down stream of the control
And how can these roughly predicted.
iii) When designing river engineering measures various aspects should be taken in to
account write these design aspects in detail.
iv) Write at least four different types of datas we should gather to accomplish the
design of river engineering measures.
35 points
Note Assume reasonably and data not given mm
1. a) What are the basic requirements of a filter layer to be provided in an
embankment. 2
b) Describe three rules widely being used for design of filter layer in terms of
particles size of filter layer and protected soil layer. 2
2. For an earth dam shown below
Give that u/s Blanket is pervious Kb = 3x10-6 m/s has a constant thickness of 1.5m
and infinite length the foundation has a thickness of 10m and permeability
kf=3x10-4 m/s. Determine
i) Effective length o fu/s blanket 2
ii) Optimum length of u/s blanket 1
iii) Seepage discharge per unit length of dam through the foundation 3
3. (i) what do you understand by a rock fill dam 2
(ii) Some times core is provided on the u/s face of rock fill dam enumerate various
reasons which males placing of core on u/s slope more suitable 3
(iii) List various methods of hydraulic failure of an earth dam and discuss one method of
hydraulic failure in detail 4
4. By drawing flow not through the body of an earth dam
Prove that
Nf
q=kh
i)
N d for Isotropic media 3
ii) K
1
=√ kxky for flow through anisotropic media 3
5. Determine the factor of safety for the slip surface shown in fig for sudden draw down
condition with the following properties of the embankment material
Saturated weigh =2.40kn/m3
Submerged weight = 1.4 kn/m3
Cohesion =2.50 kn/m2
Angle of internal friction Q= 350 10
Slice No a degree Arc length Area slice
(meters) (m2)
1 600 7.0 14.0
2 500 5.0 18.0
3 400 3.5 20.0
4 300 3.5 18.0
5 200 3.5 16.0
6 120 3.5 12.0
60 3.0 8.0
7 40 3.0 6.0
Arbaminch Water Technology Institute
Department of Hydraulic Engineering
Q1. a) What are the factors to be considered on selection of dam types for a particular area?
b) What are the basics data to be collected ( in vestigated) during dam site investigation
activity?
Q2) A solid gravity Dam is to be constructed with concrete ( concrete = 24kN/m3). Analyse the
stability of the dam against sliding, overturning and over stress. Take the limit stress
limit of concrete as 1.7 Mapa, water=10KN/m3.
5.80m
HF.L 2.80m
110m
69.50m
Q3. A) Give the main purpose of providing outlets in a dam Body. Draw a typical outlet
class-section in Embankment dams and locate the possible place of a control
gate and write the relative discharge equation.
B) What are the different types of crest gates
C) Give Rough sketches and definitions of different spillways. Which one of
them is the most common on Embankment dams?
Q4. a) What do you understand by Energy dissipators.
b) What are the various conditions Tail water depth versus hydraulic jump depth. Why is
it important to consider these conditions. Which is the most ideal case?
c) Recommend the type of energy dissipators in case hydraulic jump depth is lower
than tail water curve for lower discharges and higher for higher discharges.
Q5. a) What are the different types of hydropower developments? Give rough sketches &
details.
b) What are the different types of turbines How do turbines are selected?
c) Defines surge tanks and fore bays? How do you recommend either a for bay or surge
tank in a given power plant?