PTE- Essay Wri�ng

Time- 20 min
Words-200+ (200 to 300)
There are five MAIN types of essays:
Essay topics are based on either assump�on or trend
Understand assump�on and trend first:
Technology improves learning
"Technology has made students more efficient learners.”
Social media reduces real communica�on
"Social media is weakening face-to-face communica�on among people.”
Ci�es are beter for young people
"Living in big ci�es provides young people with beter opportuni�es than living in rural areas.”
Remote work boosts produc�vity
"Working from home increases employee produc�vity.”
Tourism harms the environment
"Tourism is causing more environmental damage than benefits.
Assump�on= It is considered/ asserted/believed/claimed that (paraphrase)
Rise of online educa�on
"In recent years, online learning pla�orms have become increasingly popular.”
Increasing use of smartphones
"More people are relying on smartphones for daily tasks.”
Growth of global travel
"Interna�onal travel has become more common than ever before.”
Decline in physical ac�vity
"Many people today are becoming less physically ac�ve due to modern lifestyles. What are
the causes of this trend, and what solu�ons can be implemented?"
Rising preference for remote work
"A growing number of employees prefer working from home instead of going to an office.”
Trend= It has been observed/ beheld that (paraphrase)

Let’s see PTE five types of essays and their structure: (Check types and structure of each type)

1) Opinion Essay

Opinion Essay-(ques�on can be asked in 5 different ways)

i) Do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

ii) To what extent do you agree or disagree?

iii) Is this a posi�ve or a nega�ve development?

iv) What is your opinion?

v) Any single ques�on with why/how/when/what: e.g. Why is it so?

You give your point of view and support it with reasons and examples.

"Tourism brings more disadvantages than advantages to local communi�es. Do you agree or
disagree?"

"Online shopping is replacing tradi�onal retail stores. To what extent do you agree or disagree?"

"Many young people today prefer working remotely instead of going to an office. Is this a posi�ve
or nega�ve development?"

"Governments should spend more money on healthcare than on space explora�on. What is your
opinion?"

Are young people today more stressed than previous genera�ons?

1)PTE Opinion Essay:
Structure:
Introduc�on:
i) Paraphrase(statement). I agree/disagree, in my opinion, reason 1 and reason 2
ii) Paraphrase(statement). I completely/totally agree/disagree, in my opinion, reason 1 and
reason 2
iii) Paraphrase(statement). In my opinion, it is a nega�ve/posi�ve development because
reason 1 and reason 2
iv) Paraphrase(statement). In my percep�on it is (good/bad/nega�ve/posi�ve) as reason1 and
reason 2
v) Paraphrase(statement). Address ques�on reason 1 and reason 2

Body paragraph 1
To begin with, /To start with, / To embark with, / To ini�ate with/ To commence with, explain 1st
reason(why/how). Give an example to support your statement. Therefore, it is …. (use to emphasis
your opinion from the given list below (agree/disagree)
Agree- appropriate/certain/wise idea/ pragma�c
way/relevant/per�nent/apposite/apt/admissible/
applicable/compa�ble/consistent/compelling/significant
Disagree- irrelevant/ uncertain/ vague/ inappropriate/extraneous/tangen�al/inconsequen�al
Body paragraph 2
Furthermore, /Moreover, / What is more/ In addi�on to/ explain the 2nd reason(why/how). Give
an example to support your statement. Thus, it is …. (use to emphasis your opinion from the given
list (agree/disagree)
Agree- appropriate/certain/wise idea/ pragma�c
way/relevant/per�nent/apposite/apt/admissible/
applicable/compa�ble/consistent/compelling/significant
Disagree- irrelevant/ uncertain/ vague/ inappropriate/extraneous/tangen�al/inconsequen�al
Conclusion
To conclude, / In conclusion, it is ……………. (use word based on agree or disagree from given list)
and men�on reason 1 and reason 2, (highligh�ng the topic)* op�onal
2) PTE Discussion Essay (ques�on can be asked in 3 different ways)

i) Discuss both views and give your opinion.

ii) which idea/ argument/ opinion do you agree with?
iii) What is your opinion?

"Some people think schools should priori�se prac�cal skills, while others believe theore�cal
knowledge is more important. Discuss both views and give your opinion."

"Many argue that children learn beter through group ac�vi�es, whereas others feel individual
study is more effec�ve. Which opinion do you agree with?

"Many think that watching online tutorials is the best way to learn new skills, while others prefer
tradi�onal classroom learning. What is your opinion."

Structure:
Introduc�on:
Paraphrase the statement. Although oppose side reason, I believe support side reason

Body paragraph 1
On the one hand, explain oppose side reason(why/how). Give an example. However, (disagree the
above statement with a single sentence)

Body paragraph 1
On the other hand, explain support side reason(why/how). Give example. Therefore, (strengthen
your statement)

Conclusion
To conclude, /In conclusion, despite oppose side reason, in my percep�on (point men�oned to
disagree in Body1) plus support side reason.
3) IELTS Advantage Disadvantage Essay (ques�on can be asked in 3 different ways)
i) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this.
ii) Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?

"Many companies now allow employees to work from home. What are the advantages and
disadvantages of this development?"

"The use of electric vehicles is increasing rapidly around the world. What are the main benefits
and drawbacks of this trend?"

"Many universi�es offer online degree programs instead of tradi�onal in-person classes. Do the
advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?"

"More people are choosing to travel abroad for their holidays due to cheaper flights. Do the
advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?"

Structure: (i) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this.

Introduc�on:
Paraphrase the statement. The major advantages is benefit. The main disadvantage is drawback.
Body paragraph 1
The key merit of this phenomenon, benefit - explain.. Give an example men�oning the benefit.
Body paragraph 2
The prime demerit of this outlook, drawback - explain. Give an example men�oning the drawback.
Conclusion
To conclude, / In conclusion, men�on advantage and disadvantage and highlight the topic.
Structure: ii) Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
Case 1- 2 benefits and 1 drawback
Case 2- 1 benefit and 2 drawbacks
Introduc�on:
Paraphrase the statement. The major disadvantage is (drawback). Advantages are far more benefit
1 and benefit 2. – Case 1
Paraphrase. The principal advantage is (benefit). However, disadvantages cannot be overlooked,
drawback 1 and drawback 2 – Case 2

Body paragraph 1
The main demerit associated with this phenomenon, (drawback)- explain. Give an example. –
Case1
The key merit visible with this trend, (benefit) – explain. Give example – Case 2

Body paragraph 2
The merits of this outlook are way ahead (benefit 1) – explain. Moreover, (benefit 2) – explain.
Give example men�oning both benefit 1 and benefit 2- Case 1
The demerits overshadow the men�oned advantage as (drawback 1)- explain. Furthermore,
(drawback 2)- explain. Give example men�on both drawback 1 and drawback 2 – Case 2
Conclusion
To conclude,/ In conclusion, men�on the drawback , but advantages outweigh- men�on benefit 1
and benefit 2 and highlight the topic. – Case 1
To conclude,/In conclusion, men�on the benefit, but disadvantages outweigh – men�on drawback
1 and drawback 2 and highlight the topic. – Case 2
4) IELTS Problem/Cause and Solu�on Essay (ques�on can be asked in 2 different ways)

Case 1- Cause and Solu�on

Case 2- Problem and Solu�on

"Many young people are experiencing increased levels of stress due to academic pressure. What
are the causes of this problem and what solu�ons can be implemented?"

"In many ci�es, traffic conges�on is becoming a serious issue. What are the main causes of this
problem and how can it be solved?"

Many ci�es are facing increasing levels of air pollu�on. What are the problems caused by this
issue, and what measures can be taken to solve it?

"Many teenagers are becoming addicted to social media. What problems does this cause, and
what solu�ons can be implemented?"
Structure :
Introduc�on:
Paraphrase the statement. The major cause behind this phenomenon is (reason). The best
possible way to mi�gate/ assuage/ alleviate/ atenuate this problem (solu�on). - Case 1
Paraphrase the statement. The main problem associated with this trend is (problem). The best
possible way to mi�gate/ assuage/ alleviate/ atenuate this issue (solu�on).- Case 2
Body paragraph 1
The prime reason (reason 1) – explain. Give an example including the reason. Case 1
The primary issue (problem 1)-explain. Give an example men�oning the problem. Case 2
Body paragraph 2
The most viable way to resolve (this problem)- case 1/case 2 solu�on- explain. Give an example,
referring to the solu�on.
Conclusion
To conclude, / In conclusion, men�on solu�on, highlight the topic and men�on cause/ problem.
5) Direct Ques�ons/ Double
"Why are more people choosing to live alone these days? What effects does this trend have on
society?"

"What are the advantages of reading books online? Do you think printed books will disappear in
the future?"

"Why is food waste increasing around the world? Should governments introduce strict laws to
control it?"

"How has technology changed the way people communicate? Is this change posi�ve or nega�ve in
your opinion?"

Structure :
Introduc�on:
Paraphrase the statement. Brief answer to the 1st ques�on. Brief answer to the 2nd ques�on
Body paragraph 1
Referring to the 1st ques�on (men�oned answer) – explain. Give an example to support your
statement.
Body paragraph 2
Addressing the 2nd ques�on (men�oned answer)- explain. Give an example to support your
statement.
Conclusion
To conclude,/ In conclusion, highlight the topic and men�on answers for 1st ques�on and answer
for 2nd ques�on.
Advanced Vocabulary for PTE Essays
Simple Advanced

Important Significant / Crucial / Vital

Big Substantial / Considerable

Small Minimal / Negligible

Good Beneficial / Advantageous / Favourable

Bad Detrimental / Adverse / Harmful

Practical Pragmatic

Helpful Instrumental / Supportive

Change Transform / Modify / Alter

Increase Escalate / Amplify / Boost

Decrease Decline / Diminish / Reduce

Improve Enhance / Strengthen

Cause Trigger / Generate / Lead to

Result Consequence / Outcome

Problem Issue / Concern / Challenge

Solution Remedy / Approach / Intervention

Show Demonstrate / Illustrate / Highlight

Think Consider / Perceive / Believe

Need Require / Necessitate

Use Utilise / Employ

Easy Straightforward / Effortless

Hard Challenging / Demanding

Common Widespread / Prevalent

Rare Scarce / Limited

Many Numerous / Multiple

Few Limited / Scant

Fast Rapid / Accelerated

Slow Gradual

Support Advocate / Endorse

Against Oppose / Resist

Replace Substitute / Supersede

Plan Strategy / Framework

Important point Key insight / Core argument

Fair Equitable / Just

Unfair Biased / Inequitable

Protect Safeguard / Preserve

Dangerous Hazardous / Risky

Safe Secure / Protected

Explain Clarify / Elucidate

Encourage Promote / Foster

Stop Prevent / Halt

People Individuals / Citizens

Children Young learners / Minors / Youth

Reason Factor / Justification

Improve Strengthen / Enhance / Boost

Help Facilitate / Support / Assist

Use Utilise / Employ

Make Create / Generate / Produce

Show Demonstrate / Illustrate / Reveal

Think Consider / Believe / Perceive

Agree Endorse / Support

Disagree Oppose / Refute

Support Advocate / Promote

Replace Substitute / Supersede

Effective Efficient / Productive

Hard Challenging / Demanding

Modern Contemporary / Cutting-edge

Traditional Conventional / Established

Expect Anticipate / Predict

Advanced Verbs for Academic Writing (PTE 79+)

Demonstrate show clearly

Illustrate give examples to explain

Emphasise highlight something important

Advocate support an idea strongly

Critique analyse and evaluate

Undermine weaken or reduce effectiveness

Reinforce strengthen an idea or argument

Facilitate make something easier

Foster encourage growth or development

Mitigate reduce the impact of something negative

Address deal with a problem

Implement put into action

Generate produce or create

Trigger cause something to happen suddenly

Allocate distribute resources

Assess evaluate or judge

Integrate combine or include

Regulate control by rules or policies

Contribute add to or help cause something

Highlight draw attention to

Challenge question or dispute

Accelerate speed up a process

Impede slow down or prevent progress

Promote support or encourage

Prioritise give importance to

Rectify correct or fix

Enforce make people follow a rule

Enhance improve or increase

Contrast compare differences

Transform change completely

Topics
1. Educa�on
It is undeniable that educa�on plays a vital role in shaping both individuals and socie�es.
It is a fact that educa�ng re is one of the most powerful ways to promote equality and
sustainable development.
It is irrefutable that access to quality educa�on is the founda�on for crea�ng an informed and
skilled society.
There is no denying that inves�ng in educa�on is essen�al for empowering individuals and
promo�ng long-term social progress.

2. Work & Employment

It is undeniable that employment opportuni�es greatly influence an individual’s quality of life
and overall economic stability.
It is irrefutable that stable employment contributes significantly to personal sa�sfac�on and
na�onal economic growth
There is no denying working in a suppor�ve and balanced environment is crucial for
maintaining both produc�vity and mental well-being.
It is a fact that working in a posi�ve and mo�va�ng environment enhances crea�vity and
overall job performance.

3. Economy & Money

It is irrefutable that a strong economy forms the backbone of a na�on’s stability and
development.
It is a fact that managing financial resources wisely is essen�al for ensuring long-term
prosperity and reducing economic dispari�es.
It is undeniable that financial inequality remains one of the major challenges facing both
developed and developing na�ons.
There is no denying that managing economic resources wisely is essen�al for achieving
sustainable growth and reducing poverty.
4. Environment
It is irrefutable that protec�ng the environment is fundamental to sustaining life on Earth.
It is a fact that preserving natural resources is crucial for maintaining ecological balance and
suppor�ng future genera�ons.
It is undeniable that providing affordable housing is one of the biggest concerns for growing
ci�es.
There is no denying that developing sustainable urban areas is essen�al for improving living
standards and reducing environmental impact.

5. Urbanisa�on & Housing

There is no denying that environmental degrada�on has become one of the most pressing
global challenges of our �me.
It is a fact that protec�ng ecosystems is essen�al for preserving biodiversity and ensuring a
sustainable future.
It is irrefutable that rapid urbanisa�on has intensified the demand for housing in major ci�es
across the globe.
It is undeniable that the expansion of urban areas has resulted in overcrowding and a
shortage of affordable accommoda�on.
6. Technology
There is no denying that technology has revolu�onised the way people communicate, work,
and access informa�on.
It is a fact that adop�ng modern technologies is vital for enhancing efficiency and
compe��veness in today’s world.
It is undeniable that technology has transformed the way people communicate, work, and
access informa�on.
It is irrefutable that adop�ng advanced technologies is essen�al for improving produc�vity
and enhancing the quality of life.
7. Family & Children
There is no denying that the family plays a pivotal role in shaping a child’s personality and
moral values.
It is irrefutable that raising children in a suppor�ve and loving environment is essen�al for
their emo�onal and social development.
It is undeniable that the family serves as the first and most influen�al ins�tu�on in a child’s
life.
It is a fact that upbringing children in a nurturing and disciplined environment is essen�al for
their overall development.
It is undeniable that the family plays a crucial role in shaping children’s values and behaviour.

8. Society & Culture

It is undeniable that society and culture profoundly influence people’s beliefs, a�tudes, and
ways of life.
It is irrefutable that preserving cultural tradi�ons is vital for maintaining social iden�ty and
fostering mutual respect among communi�es.
There is no denying that culture shapes the values, behaviour, and iden�ty of individuals
within a society.
It is a fact that promo�ng cultural diversity is essen�al for encouraging tolerance and social
harmony.

9. Transport
There is no denying that efficient transporta�on systems are vital for economic growth and
social connec�vity.
It is a fact that improving public transport is crucial for reducing traffic conges�on and
environmental pollu�on.
It is undeniable that efficient transport systems are essen�al for economic growth and social
development.
It is a fact that improving public transporta�on is vital for reducing traffic conges�on and
minimizing environmental pollu�on.
10. Health
There is no denying that good health is the founda�on of a produc�ve and fulfilling life.
It is a fact that maintaining a balanced diet and regular exercise is essen�al for preven�ng
diseases and enhancing longevity.
It is undeniable that maintaining good health enables individuals to lead happier and more
successful lives.
It is irrefutable that promo�ng healthy lifestyles is essen�al for reducing the burden of
chronic diseases in society.

11. Media & Communica�on

It is undeniable that media plays a powerful role in shaping public opinion and influencing
social behaviour.
It is a fact that communica�ng accurate informa�on is vital for building trust and preven�ng
misinforma�on in society.
It is irrefutable that the media has a profound impact on how people perceive events and
form their opinions.
It is irrefutable that promo�ng responsible journalism is essen�al for ensuring transparency
and credibility in informa�on sharing.

12. Government & Poli�cs

It is irrefutable that good governance is the cornerstone of a na�on’s stability and
development.
It is a fact that implemen�ng fair policies is crucial for promo�ng jus�ce and maintaining
public trust in government ins�tu�ons.
It is undeniable that effec�ve governance ensures social order, economic growth, and
ci�zens’ well-being.
It is irrefutable that establishing transparent poli�cal systems is vital for strengthening
democracy and public confidence.
13. Travel & Tourism
It is undeniable that travel and tourism contribute significantly to the economic development
of many countries.
It is a fact that promo�ng sustainable tourism is essen�al for protec�ng natural habitats and
local cultures.
There is no denying that tourism fosters cultural exchange and mutual understanding among
na�ons.
It is irrefutable that encouraging eco-friendly travel is vital for reducing environmental
damage caused by mass tourism.

14. Science & Ethics

It is undeniable that scien�fic advancement has greatly improved human life and expanded
our understanding of the universe.
It is a fact that balancing scien�fic progress with ethical responsibility is crucial for ensuring
humanity’s well-being.
There is no denying that ethical dilemmas o�en arise when science pushes the boundaries of
what is morally acceptable.
It is irrefutable that conduc�ng experiments responsibly is vital for maintaining public trust in
scien�fic research.

15. Arts & Entertainment

It is undeniable that art and entertainment enrich people’s lives and reflect the culture of a
society.
It is fact that suppor�ng crea�ve industries is essen�al for preserving cultural heritage and
inspiring innova�on.
There is no denying that films, music, and literature have a powerful influence on people’s
emo�ons and values.
It is irrefutable that promo�ng ar�s�c expression is vital for encouraging diversity and
freedom of thought.
16. Global Issues
It is undeniable that global issues such as poverty, climate change, and inequality demand
collec�ve interna�onal ac�on.
It is a fact that addressing global challenges is essen�al for crea�ng a safer and more
sustainable world.
There is no denying that globaliza�on has connected na�ons but also intensified economic
and environmental problems.
It is irrefutable that promo�ng interna�onal coopera�on is vital for resolving conflicts and
achieving las�ng peace.

17. Law & Crime

It is undeniable that an effec�ve legal system is essen�al for maintaining peace and jus�ce in
society.
There is no denying that rising crime rates are o�en linked to unemployment and social
inequality.
It is a fact that preven�ng crime through educa�on and awareness is more effec�ve than
relying solely on punishment.
It is irrefutable that enforcing laws fairly is crucial for building public trust and ensuring social
harmony.

18. Religion & Belief

It is undeniable that religion has played a significant role in shaping moral values
and guiding human behaviour throughout history.

It is a fact that promoting religious tolerance is essential for maintaining peace and
unity in multicultural societies.

There is no denying that conflicts often arise when religious beliefs clash with
modern social values.

It is irrefutable that respecting diverse beliefs is vital for fostering harmony and
mutual understanding among communities.
19. Sports & Recrea�on
It is undeniable that sports play a vital role in promo�ng physical health, teamwork, and
discipline.
It is a fact that encouraging par�cipa�on in sports is essen�al for developing a healthy and
ac�ve popula�on.
There is no denying that interna�onal spor�ng events strengthen global unity and cultural
exchange.
It is irrefutable that inves�ng in recrea�onal facili�es is crucial for improving community well-
being and social interac�on.

20. Food & Nutri�on

It is undeniable that food and nutri�on play a crucial role in determining an individual’s
overall health and longevity.
There is no denying that the popularity of fast food has led to a significant decline in public
health standards.
It is a fact that choosing a balanced diet is essen�al for preven�ng lifestyle-related diseases
such as obesity and diabetes.
It is irrefutable that promo�ng healthy ea�ng habits is vital for improving the quality of life
and reducing healthcare costs.

21. Ethics & Human Rights

It is undeniable that respec�ng human rights is fundamental to building a fair and just society.
It is irrefutable that protec�ng individual freedoms is essen�al for promo�ng equality and
human dignity.
There is no denying that ethical values guide human behaviour and shape the moral
founda�on of any na�on.
It is a fact that Upholding ethical principles is vital for ensuring jus�ce and preven�ng abuse
of power.
22. Business & Industry & Globaliza�on
It is undeniable that business and industry are the driving forces behind economic growth
and technological innova�on.
It is a fact that encouraging entrepreneurship is essen�al for genera�ng employment and
boos�ng na�onal development.
There is no denying that global compe��on has pushed companies to adopt more efficient
and sustainable prac�ces.
It is irrefutable that maintaining ethical standards in business is crucial for earning consumer
trust and ensuring long-term success.
It is undeniable that globaliza�on is reshaping economic structures, crea�ng new
opportuni�es while challenging tradi�onal industries.
It is irrefutable that increasing global interconnectedness is influencing cultural values and
transforming the way people communicate.

23. Lifestyle & Trends

It is undeniable that changing lifestyle paterns are influencing people’s ea�ng habits, leading
many to prefer convenience over nutri�on.
There is no denying that rising modern trends are shaping consumer behaviour, encouraging
individuals to priori�se style and comfort in their daily choices.

Things to be considered:

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