METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS

INSTRUCTIONS

WIND MONITOR-MA
MARINE MODEL

MODEL 05106

R.M. YOUNG COMPANY 2801 AERO PARK DRIVE, TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN 49686, USA
TEL: (231) 946-3980 FAX: (231) 946-4772 WEB: [Link]
PN: 05106-90
REV: I062309
 INTRODUCTION
MODEL 05106
WIND MONITOR-MA The Wind Monitor-MA measures horizontal wind speed and
direction. Originally developed for ocean data buoy use, it is rugged
and corrosion resistant yet accurate and light weight. The main
housing, nose cone, propeller, and other internal parts are injection
molded U.V. stabilized plastic. Both the propeller and vertical
shafts use stainless steel precision grade ball bearings. Bearings
have light contacting teflon seals and are filled with a low torque
wide temperature range grease to help exclude contamination and
moisture.

Propeller rotation produces an AC sine wave signal with frequency

proportional to wind speed. This AC signal is induced in a
stationary coil by a six pole magnet mounted on the propeller shaft.
Three complete sine wave cycles are produced for each propeller
revolution.

Vane position is transmitted by a 10K ohm precision conductive

plastic potentiometer which requires a regulated excitation voltage.
With a constant voltage applied to the potentiometer, the output
signal is an analog voltage directly proportional to azimuth angle.

The instrument mounts on standard one inch pipe, outside

diameter 34 mm (1.34"). An orientation ring is provided so the
instrument can be removed for maintenance and reinstalled without
WIND SPEED SPECIFICATION SUMMARY: loss of wind direction reference. Both mounting post assembly and
orientation ring are secured to the mounting pipe by stainless steel
band clamps. A 3 meter (9.8 ft) pigtail cable assembly is supplied
Range 0 to 100 m/s (224 mph) for electrical connections. For longer cable lengths a user supplied
Sensor 18 cm diameter 4-blade helicoid propeller junction box or connector may be used. A variety of devices are
molded of polypropylene available for signal conditioning, display, and recording of wind
Pitch 29.4 cm air passage per revolution speed and direction.
Distance Constant 2.7 m (8.9 ft.) for 63% recovery
Threshold Sensitivity 1.1 m/s (2.4 mph) INITIAL CHECKOUT
Transducer Centrally mounted stationary coil,
2K 0hm nominal DC resistance When the Wind Monitor-MA is unpacked it should be checked
Transducer Output AC sine wave signal induced by rotating carefully for any signs of shipping damage. Remove the plastic
magnet on propeller shaft. 80 mV p-p at nut on the propeller shaft. Install the propeller on the shaft so
100 rpm. 8.0 V p-p at 10,000 rpm. the letter markings on the propeller face forward (into the wind).
Engage the propeller into the molded ribs on the propeller shaft
Output Frequency 3 cycles per propeller revolution
hub. The instrument is aligned, balanced and fully calibrated before
(0.098 m/s per Hz) shipment, however it should be checked both mechanically and
electrically before installation. The vane and propeller should easily
WIND DIRECTION (AZIMUTH) SPECIFICATION SUMMARY: rotate 360° without friction. Check vane balance by holding the
instrument base so the vane surface is horizontal. It should have
Range 360° mechanical, 355° electrical (5° open) near neutral torque without any particular tendency to rotate. A
Sensor Balanced vane, 38 cm (15 in) turning radius. slight imbalance will not degrade performance.
Damping Ratio 0.25
The potentiometer requires a stable DC excitation voltage. Do
Delay Distance 1.3 m (4.3 ft) for 50% recovery not exceed 15 volts. When the potentiometer wiper is in the 5°
Threshold Sensitivity 1.1 m/s (2.4 mph) at 10° displacement deadband region, the output signal is "floating" and may show
Damped Natural varying or unpredictable values. To prevent false readings, signal
Wavelength 7.4 m (24.3 ft) conditioning electronics should clamp the signal to excitation
Undamped Natural or reference level when this occurs. NOTE: Young signal
Wavelength 7.2 m (23.6 ft) conditioning devices clamp the signal to excitation level.
Transducer Precision conductive plastic potentiometer, 10K Avoid a short circuit between the azimuth signal line and either the
excitation or reference lines. Although there is a 1K ohm current
ohm resistance (±20%), 0.25% linearity, life
limiting resistor in series with the wiper for protection, damage to
expectancy 50 million revolutions, rated 1 watt the potentiometer may occur if a short circuit condition exists.
at 40° C, 0 watts at 125° C Before installation, connect the instrument to an indicator as shown
Transducer Excitation in the wiring diagram and check for proper wind speed and azimuth
Requirement Regulated DC voltage, 15 VDC max values. Position the vane over a sheet of paper with 30° or 45°
Transducer Output Analog DC voltage proportional to azimuth angle crossmarkings to check vane alignment. To check wind speed,
with regulated excitation voltage applied across temporarily remove the propeller and connect the shaft to an
potentiometer. Anemometer Drive. Details appear in the CALIBRATION section of
this manual.
GENERAL:

Operating Temp: -50 to 50°C (-58 to 122°F)

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INSTALLATION CALIBRATION
Proper placement of the instrument is very important. Eddies from The Wind Monitor-MA is fully calibrated before shipment and
trees, buildings, or other structures can greatly influence wind should require no adjustments. Recalibration may be necessary
speed and wind direction observations. To get meaningful data for after some maintenance operations. Periodic calibration checks
most applications locate the instrument well above or upwind from are desirable and may be necessary where the instrument is used
obstructions. As a general rule, the air flow around a structure is in programs which require auditing of sensor performance.
disturbed to twice the height of the structure upwind, six times the
height downwind, and up to twice the height of the structure above Accurate wind direction calibration requires a Model 18112 Vane
ground. For some applications it may not be practical or necessary Angle Bench Stand. Begin by connecting the instrument to a
to meet these requirements. signal conditioning circuit which has some method of indicating
azimuth value. This may be a display which shows azimuth values
FAILURE TO PROPERLY GROUND THE WIND in angular degrees or simply a voltmeter monitoring the output.
MONITOR-MA MAY RESULT IN ERRONEOUS SIGNALS Orient the base with the junction box at 180°. Visually align the
vane with the crossmarkings and observe the indicator output. If
OR TRANSDUCER DAMAGE.
the vane position and indicator do not agree within 5°, adjust the
potentiometer coupling inside the main housing. Details for making
Grounding the Wind Monitor is vitally important. Without proper
this adjustment appear in the MAINTENANCE, potentiometer
grounding, static electrical charge can build up during certain
replacement outline, step 7. It is important to note that while full
atmospheric conditions and discharge through the transducers.
scale azimuth on signal conditioning electronics may be 360°,
This discharge can potentially cause erroneous signals or
full scale azimuth signal from the instrument is 355°. The signal
transducer failure. To direct the discharge away from the
conditioning electronics must be adjusted accordingly. For
transducers, the mounting post assembly in which the transducers
example, in a circuit where 0 to 1.000 VDC represents 0° to 360°,
are mounted is made with a special antistatic plastic. The Wind
the output must be adjusted for 0.986 VDC when the instrument is
Monitor should be mounted on a metal pipe which is connected to
at 355°. (355°/360° X 1.000 volts = 0.986 volts)
earth ground. The mounting pipe should not be painted where the
Wind Monitor is mounted. Towers or masts set in concrete should
Wind speed calibration is determined by propeller pitch and the
be connected to one or more grounding rods.
output characteristics of the transducer. Calibration formulas
showing wind speed vs. propeller rpm and output frequency are
If it is difficult to ground the mounting post in this manner, the
included below. Standard accuracy is ± 0.3 m/s (0.6mph). For
following method should be used. The sensor cable shield wire
greater accuracy, the device must be individually calibrated in
is internally connected to the antistatic mounting post. This shield
comparison with a wind speed standard. Contact the factory or
wire should be connected to an earth ground. (Refer to wiring
your supplier to schedule a NIST (National Institute of Standards &
diagram)
Technology) traceable wind tunnel calibration in our factory.
Initial installation is most easily done with two people; one to adjust
To calibrate wind system electronics using a signal from the
the instrument position and the other to observe the indicating
instrument, temporarily remove the propeller and connect an
device. After initial installation, the instrument can be removed
Anemometer Drive (18802 or equiv.) to the propeller shaft. Apply
and returned to its mounting without realigning the vane since the
the appropriate calibration formula to the calibrating motor rpm and
orientation ring preserves the wind direction reference. Install the
adjust the electronics for the proper value. For example, with the
Wind Monitor-MA following these steps:
propeller shaft turning at 3600 rpm adjust an indicator to display
17.6 meters per second (3600 rpm X 0.00490 m/s/rpm =17.6
1. MOUNT WIND MONITOR-MA
m/s).
a) Place orientation ring on mounting post. Do Not tighten
band clamp yet.
b) Place Wind Monitor-MA on mounting post. Do Not tighten CALIBRATION FORMULAS
band clamp yet.
Model 05106 Wind Monitor-MA w / 08234 Propeller
2. CONNECT SENSOR CABLE
a) Route cable carefully to avoid strain. WIND SPEED vs PROPELLER RPM
b) Use of a waterproof connector or junction box is m/s = 0.00490 x rpm
recommended. knots = 0.00952 x rpm
mph = 0.01096 x rpm
3. ALIGN VANE km/h = 0.01764 x rpm
a) Connect instrument to an indicator.
b) Choose a known wind direction reference point on the WIND SPEED vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY
horizon. m/s = 0.0980 x Hz
c) Sighting down instrument centerline, point nose cone knots = 0.1904 x Hz
at reference point on horizon. mph = 0.2192 x Hz
d) While holding vane in position, slowly turn base until km/h = 0.3528 x Hz
indicator shows proper value.
e) Tighten mounting post band clamp. MAINTENANCE
f) Engage orientation ring indexing pin in notch at instrument
base. Given proper care, the Wind Monitor-MA should provide years
g) Tighten orientation ring band clamp. of service. The only components likely to need replacement
due to normal wear are the precision ball bearings and the wind
direction potentiometer. Only a qualified instrument technician
should perform the replacement. If service facilities are not
available, return the instrument to the company. Refer to the
drawings to become familiar with part names and locations. The
asterisk* which appears in the following outlines is a reminder that
maximum torque on all set screws is 80 oz-in.
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POTENTIOMETER REPLACEMENT: c) Turn potentiometer adjust thumbwheel until potentiometer
coupling is oriented to engage ridge in top of main housing.
The potentiometer has a life expectancy of fifty million revolutions. Set screw on potentiometer coupling should be facing the
As it becomes worn, the element may begin to produce noisy front opening.
signals or become nonlinear. When signal noise or non-linearity d) With potentiometer coupling properly oriented, continue
becomes unacceptable, replace the potentiometer. Refer to pushing main housing onto vertical shaft bearing rotor until
exploded view drawing and proceed as follows: main housing latch locks into position with a “click”.
e) Replace 4 screws.
1. REMOVE MAIN HOUSING
a) Unscrew nose cone from main housing. Set o-ring aside for 7. ALIGN VANE
later use. a) Connect excitation voltage and signal conditioning
b) Remove 4 screws attaching housing. electronics to terminal strip according to wiring diagram.
c) Gently push main housing latch. b) With mounting post held in position so junction box is facing
d) While pushing latch, lift main housing up and remove It from due south, orient vane to a known angular
vertical shaft bearing rotor. reference. Details appear in CALIBRATION section.
c) Reach in through front of main housing and turn
2. UNSOLDER TRANSDUCER WIRES potentiometer adjust thumbwheel until signal conditioning
a) Remove screws securing cable and strain relief assembly to system indicates proper value.
mounting post. d) Tighten set screw* on potentiometer coupling.
b) Slowly pull strain relief away from mounting post exposing
circuit board with transducer wire connections. 8. REPLACE NOSE CONE
a) Screw nose cone into main housing until o-ring seal is
3. REMOVE POTENTIOMETER seated. Be certain threads are properly engaged to avoid
a) Loosen set screw on potentiometer coupling and cross-threading.
remove it from potentiometer adjust thumbwheel.
b) Loosen set screw on potentiometer adjust thumbwheel and FLANGE BEARING REPLACEMENT:
remove it from potentiometer shaft extension.
c) Loosen two set screws at base of transducer assembly and If anemometer bearings become noisy or wind speed threshold
remove assembly from vertical shaft. increases above an acceptable level, bearings may need
d) Unscrew potentiometer housing from potentiometer mounting replacement. Check anemometer bearing condition using a Model
& coil assembly. 18310 Propeller Torque Disc. Without it, a rough check can be
e) Push potentiometer out of potentiometer mounting & performed by adding an ordinary paper clip (0.5 gm) to the tip of
coil assembly by applying firm but gentle pressure on a propeller blade. Turn the blade with the paper clip to the "three
potentiometer shaft extension. Set o-ring aside for later use. o'clock" or "nine o'clock" position and gently release it. Failure to
f) Loosen set screw on potentiometer shaft extension and rotate due to the weight of the paper clip indicates anemometer
remove it from potentiometer shaft. bearings need replacement. Repeat this test at different positions
to check full bearing rotation. If needed, bearings are replaced as
4. INSTALL NEW POTENTIOMETER follows.
a) Place potentiometer shaft extension with o-ring on new
potentiometer (Gap 0.040") and tighten set 1. REMOVE OLD BEARINGS
screw*. Regrease o-ring if necessary. a) Unscrew nose cone. Do not lose o-ring seal.
b) Push new potentiometer into potentiometer mounting & coil b) Loosen set screw on magnet shaft collar and remove
assembly. magnet.
c) Feed potentiometer and coil wires through hole in c) Slide propeller shaft out of nose cone assembly.
bottom of potentiometer housing. d) Remove front bearing cap which covers front bearing.
d) Screw potentiometer housing onto potentiometer mounting & e) Remove both front and rear bearings from nose cone
coil assembly. assembly. Insert edge of a pocket knife under bearing flange
e) Gently pull transducer wires through bottom of and lift it out.
potentiometer housing to take up any slack. Apply a small
amount of silicone sealant around hole. 2. INSTALL NEW BEARINGS
f) Install transducer assembly on vertical shaft allowing 0.5 a) Insert new front and rear bearings into nose cone.
mm (0.020") clearance from vertical bearing. Tighten set b) Replace front bearing cap.
screws* at bottom of transducer assembly. c) Carefully slide propeller shaft through bearings.
g) Place potentiometer adjust thumbwheel on potentiometer d) Place magnet on propeller shaft allowing 0.5 mm (0.020")
shaft extension and tighten set screw*. clearance from rear bearing.
h) Place potentiometer coupling on potentiometer e) Tighten set screw* on magnet shaft collar.
adjust thumbwheel. Do Not tighten set screw yet. f) Screw nose cone into main housing until o-ring seal is
seated. Be certain threads are properly engaged to avoid
5. RECONNECT TRANSDUCER WIRES cross-threading.
a) Using needle-nose pliers or a paper clip bent to form a small
hook, gently pull transducer wires through hole in mounting
post.
b) Solder wires to cable assembly. Apply small amount of
silicone sealant to solder connections. Observe color code.
c) Secure cable & strain relief assembly removed in step 2A.

6. REPLACE MAIN HOUSING

a) Place main housing over vertical shaft bearing rotor. Be
careful to align indexing key and channel in these two
assemblies.
b) Place main housing over vertical shaft bearing rotor until
potentiometer coupling is near top of main housing.
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*Max set screw torque 80 oz-in

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VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING REPLACEMENT: WARRANTY
Vertical shaft bearings are much larger than the anemometer This product is warranted to be free of defects in materials and
bearings. Ordinarily, these bearings will require replacement less construction for a period of 12 months from date of initial purchase.
frequently than anemometer bearings. Check bearing condition Liability is limited to repair or replacement of defective item. A copy
using a Model 18331 Vane Torque Gauge. Without it, a rough of the warranty policy may be obtained from R. M. Young Company.
check can be performed by holding the instrument with the vane
horizontal and placing a 3 gm weight near the aft edge of the fin.
A U.S. penny weighs about 3 gm and is convenient for this check. CE COMPLIANCE
Failure to rotate downward indicates the vertical bearings need
replacement. Repeat this test at different positions to check full This product has been tested and shown to comply with European
bearing rotation. CE requirements for the EMC Directive. Please note that shielded
cable must be used.
Since this procedure is similar to POTENTIOMETER
REPLACEMENT, only the major steps are listed here.

1. REMOVE MAIN HOUSING Declaration of Conformity

2. UNSOLDER TRANSDUCER WIRES AND REMOVE
TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY R. M. Young Company
Loosen set screws at base of transducer assembly and 2801 Aero Park Drive
remove entire assembly from vertical shaft. Traverse City, MI 49686 USA
3. REMOVE VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING ROTOR by sliding it
upward off vertical shaft. Model 05106 Wind Monitor - MA
4. REMOVE OLD VERTICAL BEARINGS AND INSTALL NEW
BEARINGS. When inserting new bearings, be careful not to The undersigned hereby declares on behalf of R. M.
apply pressure to bearing shields. Young Company that the above-referenced product, to
5. REPLACE VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING ROTOR. which this declaration relates, is in conformity with the
6. REPLACE TRANSDUCER & RECONNECT WIRES provisions of:
7. REPLACE MAIN HOUSING
8. ALIGN VANE Council Directive 2004/108/EC (December 15, 2004)
9. REPLACE NOSE CONE on Electromagnetic Compatibility

David Poinsett
R&D Manager

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 Calibration Accessories

Model 18802
Anemometer Drive

Model 18112
Vane Angle Bench Stand

Model 18331 Vane Torque Gauge

Model 18212
Vane Angle Fixture-Tower Mount
Model 18310
Propeller Torque Disc
Model 18301
Vane Alignment Rod

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YOUNG Calibration Accessories

Model 18802 Anemometer Drive provides a convenient and accurate way to rotate an anemometer shaft at
a known rate. The motor may be set to rotate clockwise or counter-clockwise at any rate between 200 and
Specifications
15,000 RPM in 100 RPM increments. The LCD display is referenced to an accurate and stable quartz timebase.
For completely portable operation, the unit can be operated on internal batteries. For extended operation, an MODEL 18802 ANEMOMETER DRIVE
AC wall adapter is included. (Replaces 18801)
Range:
Model 18811 Anemometer Drive is identical to Model 18802 except the drive motor incorporates a 200 to 15,000 RPM in 100 RPM increments
gear reducer for operation in the range of 20 to 990 RPM in 10 RPM increments. The lower range
Rotation:
is recommended for cup anemometer calibration. Clockwise or Counter-Clockwise

Model 18112 Vane Angle Bench Stand is used for benchtop wind direction calibration of the Wind Monitor Display Resolution:
1 RPM
family of sensors. The mounting post engages the direction orientation notch on the Wind Monitor. An easy to
read pointer indicates 0 to 360 degrees with 1/2 degree resolution. Quartz Timebase Reference:
0.1 RPM
Model 18212 Vane Angle Fixture - Tower Mount similar to the Model 18112, the tower mount feature allows use Power Requirement:
on the tower as well as the bench top. The fixture is temporarily placed on the tower between the Wind Monitor 2x9 V (alkaline or lithium) batteries
and its tower mounting. Index keys and notches are engaged to preserve direction reference. 115 VAC wall adapter included
(230 VAC – add suffix H)

Model 18310 Propeller Torque Disc checks anemometer bearing torque with 0.1 gm/cm resolu-
tion. The disc temporarily replaces the propeller for torque measurement or simple yet accurate pass/fail MODEL 18811 ANEMOMETER DRIVE
(Replaces 18810)
checks. Charts included with the unit relate torque to propeller threshold with limits for acceptable
bearing performance. Range:
20 to 990 RPM in 10 RPM increments

Model 18312 Cup-Wheel Torque Disc checks cup anemometer bearing torque. Display Resolution:
0.1 RPM
Model 18331 Vane Torque Gauge checks vane bearing torque of the Wind Monitor family sensors. Slip the
fixture over the main housing and make simple yet accurate vane torque measurements. Charts relating vane MODEL 18112, 18212 VANE ANGLE
torque to vane threshold provide limits for acceptable bearing performance. CALIBRATION DEVICES
Range:
Model 18301 Vane Alignment Rod helps align the vane of a wind sensor to a known direction reference during 0 to 360 degrees

installation. The base of the device has an index key that engages the direction orientation notch in the sensor Resolution:
allowing the sensor to be removed without losing wind direction reference. 0.5 degree

MODEL 18310, 18312 TORQUE DISC DEVICES

Range:
0 to 5.4 gm-cm

Ordering Information MODEL Resolution:

0.1 gm-cm
ANEMOMETER DRIVE 200 to 15,000 RPM .............................................. 18802
ANEMOMETER DRIVE 20 TO 990 RPM .................................................. 18811 MODEL 18331 VANE TORQUE GAUGE

230V / 50-60 HZ INPUT POWER ................................................... ADD SUFFIX “H” Range:

0 to 50 gm-cm
VANE ANGLE BENCH STAND .......................................................... 18112
Resolution:
VANE ANGLE FIXTURE - TOWER MOUNT ........................................... 18212 5 gm-cm
PROPELLER TORQUE DISC............................................................ 18310
CUP-WHEEL TORQUE DISC ........................................................... 18312
VANE TORQUE GAUGE ................................................................. 18331
VANE ALIGNMENT ROD ................................................................ 18301 Specifications subject to change without notice.

Copyright © 2000 R.M. Young Company, Printed in U.S.A. 11/00

R.M. YOUNG COMPANY
2801 Aero Park Drive
Traverse City, Michigan 49686 USA
TEL: (231) 946-3980 FAX: (231) 946-4772
E-mail: [Link]@[Link]
Web Site: [Link]

05106-90

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