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RCC Note

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27 views12 pages

RCC Note

Nice note for student

Uploaded by

Binay Sah
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Reinforced Cement Concrete RCC was developed by Father of civil engineering ~ Francois coignet = John Smeaton According to IS : 456 : 2000, standard deviation for different grade of conerete - Founder of Portland cement - Joseph Asphadin Grade ot eonercte a ne @ . Founder of ferro cement - Joseph Monier IM-10, M-l5 35 = strength — of —— ; IM-20, M25 a0 srade| Average of the group of | Individual 4Non overlapping test | test result [M-30 10 M-60 50 results (N/mm*) (Nimm?) || Not hone lor tenon a | Value of standard deviation does not exist when IM-15 | 2 fi_+0.8250 or {+3 (fx 3) concrete grade is greater than M-55. Which is more 1 Modulus of elasticity 2 M-20] 2 fa +0.8256 or fy +4 (fa-4) Initial tangent|Slope of stress-strain curve at} (ExyDynamic origin of curve. Which is more m modulus/short |}, For 1S : 456 : 1978 (Min. grade| 1 Important term related to concrete block testing- | term —modulus|y4.15) Standard [Quality of concrete or strength of elasticity E, =5700f, Nim deviation variation is depend on standard deviation. Je For 1S : 456 : 2000 (Min. grade M-20) (i) IENo. oftest ———— samples <30 E, =5000Jf, N/mm Tangent Slope of tangent of any point in tii) No. of test modulus (E;) [stress stain curve, samples 2 30, It is also known as instantaneous value of modulus of elasticity. [Secant modulus|Slope of line joining the any point Areegimean (e) ‘on sess strain eurve to origin strength Note = (Co-efficient of variation Where, n = Number of samples ‘Distribution of standard deviation (a) is the measure of quality control. Where- Standard Strength | Quality of deviation variation | concrete [More More Poor [ Less Less High Note- ‘+ Test result of the sample is rejected if individual variation becomes greater than +15% of average + Modulus of elasticity of concrete (E,) is also called as secant modulus. ‘© For the elastic region, [E,, =E, = Ey Inclastic region, [E,, > E, > E,| Curve generally linear up to a stress of 0.6 (15%) times of peak stress, . (Creqp |i is elastic and long term deformation lof concrete under a constant lead. Je It is a time dependent component of| total strain. Creep Co- Ultimate creep sh r [fo = Ultimate exeep strain] ficient Elasticstrain Creep [Creep recovery Shee iO ren . 30 ne 300 mm Types of Sold | Permissible mit an r (mg) ) Rate of loading - 400kg/min. Organise maner 70 spi Length- 300 mm, Dia 150mm torganic Matter 3000 ee Dia: Length. 1:2 Sulphates 400 Chlorides Note- RC 300 © Onder of strength of concrete, [f, >f, 5h, >f pecack. 008 + Order ofsirength of [Link] per specimen size-| | Saspended matter 2000 [Cube strengih > Cylinder strength > Modulus off {pit value 6 strength © Shrinkage crack is the first crack that occurs in any | ™ Factor of safety for stress- RCC member. Material | worldng stress | Limit state © Assumption of working stress method- method method i. A section which is plane before bending remains| | Concrete 3.00 150 plane afer bending. Steel 1.78 Las i Alltensife stresses are taken by stecl. - ~ Fi. The stress-strain relalionship of stee! and concrete | M Estective span of different types of conerete section under working loads is a linear or straight linc. 1, Beam and slab iv. The modulus of elasticity of steel and conerete are| A+ For Simply supported beam and slab- constant. Modalar Ratio, [Link] span + effective depth 1 cedar ge Henan B. For cantilever beam- m depends only grade of concrete g] =Clear span +<| Ne, spans ‘Civil Engineering Capsule 2.0 Yor . For continuous Beam and stab- @. Itwidth of support < Seren ¢,=min,of © Itwidth of support > [Clear span + width of support [Clear span + effectivedepth Clear span ts 432; 1982 [Conforming 10 mild steel and] (Part-1) medium tensile steel bars. 1S:1786-1985 [Conforming to high yield strength deformed steel |Qt¥SD) bars. 2 IS: 1566-1967 |Conforming to Hard drawn (2) If one end fixed and other end continuous or both end: feel wire. brie for concrete reinforcement, continuous, [¢, = Clear Span) 1s 2062 Structural steel con forming to| (b) Ifone end continuous and other is simply supported- rade A. Clearspan + Wish of support, 1m Grade of steel bars- ¢,=[Link] e 1. Fe-250 250 Nimm?] Plane mild steel bar Clear span + £testivedenth i pat 2. Fe-415 41SNimm? |... High strength bar m Steel reinforcement As per [Link]. [Link]-500 500 Nérmmn? = Important data related to reinforced beam- Types of section Neutral Axis Formola far N.A. Moment of Failure condition condition Resistance (Under Reinforced section [A.N.ACNA. | px? IConerete spemad-a) failure/Brittle failure Balanced section JANA*CN.A. [xex, = Actual N.A. m Important Parameter- M-15, 64 = 5Nimm?, m= 18 Parameter Formula Fe-250 Fe-415 Fe-500 Oe= 140Nimm? | oy=230Nimm? [oy =275 Némm? Neutral axis 0.39d O.28Id 0.2460 Lever arm 087d | 0.9064 0.918d Resisting mament 0.85bd" 0.64bd" 0.564bd" Percentage of tensile} 0.70% 0.31% 022% Reinforcement Area of tensile| 0.007bd 0.0031bd 0.0022bd reinforcement Civil Engineering Capsule 2.0 8 ycr ™ Conditions when doubly reinforced beam ts| @ Shear reinforcement is provided in the form of- preferred- (When the size of the beam is confined and (il) When the section of the beam Is subjected to reversal stresses, (i) When the beam is under eccentric loading. (iv) It is ideal when accidental or sudden lateral shock or impact loads govem the beam. (¥) IL is used when bending moment changes sign for prevent torsion moment. (vi) In case of continuous beams at support, where negative moment developed at top fibre. Note- ‘© In doubly reinforced corcrete beam- ‘Stress in compression stec! < Stress in tension steel 1 Shear stress distribution- 1. Vertical [Best in case of reversal load and stirrups provided around the _tensile| reinforcement. ls Dis. of stirups- 6 to 12 mm. = Dia. of hanging bar 8 to 12 mm. 2. Inclined bars [Inclined bars are —_provided| generally at 45°. [Link] Je Total shear force = shear force! reinforcement [by inclined stirrups + shear force| taken by vertical stirrups. mDevelopmentbond length (L,)- (®) For tension ba ob baa (For WSM) b= O78 {For LSM) ay [Homogeneous |Shear stress is parabolic with zero] section at top and bottom and the max, at neutral axis. Vv Shear stress at any plane | Heterogeneous|Parabolic above the neutral axis section land rectangular below the neutral axis. }* As per IS : 456 : 2000 i Vv [Nominal shear stres, |r, = = Equivalent shear in torsion ‘V+1.6%(T/B)] Fran =15ty] For rectangular beam Fen =133¢,] For triangular beam 1 Side face reinforcement. Provided as per IS 456 : 2000. (0) For compression bar- ty increased by 25% 0876, bees is (for! vai ‘© LEDia. of bar> 36 mm, then Lap splice should not be used. ‘+ Af dia, of bar >32 mm the lap splice should notbe used as per amend, no. 3 1S-Code 456:2000 ‘© In this condition it is suitable to provide weld. 1 Permissible bond stress for concrete a, With tensile relnforcement- + Provide at the rate 0.1% of web area and Grade [-isht-2ol-2ghiaohtad nao] Me equally on both side faces. 8 @ Inside face retnforcement- It. Fe-250 =] 06/08/09] 10] 11] 1.2] 13 Da) 5 Pain bar cam depth > 450]I¢ beam is subjected to torsion. Beam dept 7 i L Tor Bar |°-26| 1.28]1.44] 1.60] 1.76] 1.92 }2.08 Beam depth > 750]T¢ beam not subjected to torsion | [IL 2a | 298 [2 hea ror Fe-nso | 5%] 449 | 39¢| 35¢ | 326) 299 | 276 Max. spacing | og (00mm ‘ty for Tor bar = Increases 60% of plane bars or 1.6 times nol of plane bar. Civil Engineering Capsule 2. 30 Yor With compression reinforcement m Unit weight of stcet per meter- Grade _[M-15[N-20] M-25[M-30|M-35] M40 Diameter ‘Weight in |Fe-250 0.25 | 1.00 [1.125] 1.2s | 1.38] 150 of steel kg/m lFe-415, Fe-s0o| 1.20 | 1.60| 1-80 | 2.0 [221 6mm 0.222 kym Notes Simm 0.395 ken = Bond stress can be increased by for HYSD bars - 10mm 0.617 ke/m = 60% in LSM. 12mm 0.888 kfm © 40% for in WSM. 16mm 1.578 kg/m ™ Anchorage value for various type of hook- 20mm ue paid ‘Typesof hook. Anchorage vale | = en = 53 = ; ; 7 jethods of improving bond strength between steel = bend 4a and concrete~ 90° bend 84 © Using deformed bars in place of plain bars. 135° bend 126 © Increased grade of concrete. 180° bend oF 166 ‘© Using thinner bars but mores in numbers. Standard/U- hook © Increasing cover around each bars. Lap length in tension- © Providing standard hook, bends, anchorages. or ecuril tencion, hich Ly Increasing the roughness of bars. © Bor flexural tension, WRNGREYES ESTE 496 Increases compaction of concrete, OL, Bundled bars- © For direct tension, whichever more { 4 Development length of each bar of bundled bars 304 increased- © Straight Lapping length of the reinforcing bars rust] « 10% for two bars be greater than ea # 20% for three bars 159 © 33% for four bars Lap length in compresslon, Whichever is more { L nz. Shear stress (tu) for Beare 24$ ‘M-15[M-20|MI-25]M-30]M.35|M-40 and Note- above 7 For the reinforcement bars with dificrent dimeters, ism [2.5 [28[31 [35 |37|[ 40 she lap lngth mast be ealeatt using te dances sg L6 | Le] 49 [22 [23 | 28 ‘@ Lap length for various members- Note- Members Taplength || Shear strength 1. depends upon concrete grade and area of steel. Coluran 456 m Design of shear reinforcement- Slab, Beam 60$ ys ted Not required any types of shear] reinforcement, m Clear Cover to Main Reinforcements- 5 5 - reseest, [Minimum shear reinforcement Footing 50-75 mm required. Sephern eat Foe 3 ™ ke 10m, span) 0A ‘A=Span to effective depth ratio for span upto 10 m. Cheek for deflection in beam and slab- Final deflection occurring including al the loads and the effect of temperature, creep and shrinkage shall not exceed a and it is measured from cast level Effective depth = of the support. * Deflection dur to all the loads, temperature, shrinkage and creep alter the ereclion of partition wall and the application of finishes shall not exceed- Spon Whicheveristess} 350 20mm Civil Engineering Capsule 2.0 92 m Slenderness limit for Lateral stability of beams- A. For SS.B. or continuous beam- 60b tA a €," Clear span, b= Width of beam d= Effective depth, B, For cantilever beam- 256 ¢,2Minimum of 1006? d A. Reinforcement spacing for beam= () Min. horizontal spacing, maximum of (2) Equal to dia. of bar ifthe dia. is equ (0) Dia. of larger bar if the dia. are unequal. (¢) 5 mm more than nominal maximum size of coarse aggregate. (0) Vertical spacing & maximum of (0) Dit of thicker bar @) 15mm © Zax, nominal size of coarse aggregate lip Max. Hortzontat spacing» {227% forFe250 (UD Max Horizontal spacing? } 50 forFe450 B, Spacing of bars for slab- Min, horizontal distance- Sameas A (i) Spacing of Barsis > Minimum of Pea mln bar ae 5d W Minimum of { 4s0mm Fo" distribution bar Note- C850 oe ‘Max. tension reinforcement of beam = 0.04bD or 4% ‘© Min. tension reinforcement ofbeam, |a, ‘+ Maximum reinforcement size for slabsbeam. spp D =Total thickness of the member ‘Steel beam theory is related doubly reinforced section, © As per IS - 456 : 2007 Non dimensional S.R. a=, Where, fa Critical bending compressive stress ¥cT 1 Various types of Slab- 1 When circular stab fixed at age- FiatStab it is a one-way or wo way slab] ‘Max. radial and circumferential moment- system that built monolithically with FF Ithe supponing columns snd is|| |Atcenwe, [M,orM,=——| Ireinforced in two or more direction. 16 Ribbed Stab [It is a lighter and stiffer slab thaa]| _|(Hi) Max. negative moment. lequivatent flat slab. has aR \Cireular ft is mostly used in water, tanks,| * 16, Stab [swimming pools, manhole covers. @ Moment capacity of various slab due to UDL- @ Important Term Related to Flat Slab- ‘Type of slab ‘Moment capacity Drop Panel | Thickened part of « flat slab over Equileteral triangular w the supporting column, slab zr J* It increases the shear strength, 7 negative moment capacity and Simply th supported we stifiness of the slab and reduce] so 24 deflection. ‘Square slab fixed at all wh [Capita/Column|[t is extended head of column and edges ee Head reduce punching shear. soran m@ Effective width of flange for T-Section- + It is used to increase rigidity of] the slab column connection. || (#) For monolithtc T-beam- Dia. of column head = 0.25 he nay 46D, (cach side). b,=Minot |® [General data [Thickness =125 mm (min) [b, + xcleardistancebhw nearest beams forMatstab |e Min, thickness of lat slab in For holsted'tsb thout drops €U36 (W) For Isolated T- beam le With drops ¢ L/32 Property of Ribbed Slab- + Maximumdia. ofbar- 22 mm, Spacing #1.5m. © Topthickness of ribbed slab- 50 -80 mm. width of the slab. Note = Two way ribbed slab is also known as waffle slab. When circular slab not fired at age- be ‘Overall depth of any two ribbed slabs > 4 times | Note- Jy=0.70x effective span (in continuous beam) Effective width of Flange for L-beam- {) For monolithic L- beam \(i) Radial moment, IM, ET -r) |(i) Circumferential moment At centre , At support [M, okt cit) Radial shear force At ceatre vse 1 At support [de +b, +30, Min of {12 [by +} xcleardstancebiwncaresibeams (ii For Isolated Lesectlon= 0.50/, y= [Link]: haa +b, b=b ‘Givil Engineering Capsule 2. 33 Yor mt Depth of T- Beam For Heavy load For Medium load For Light load If T-beam is simply supporied a Important terminology for T-Beam- web Width 303 of total depth or depth of rb. Web Depth Min. tensite 0.85b. xd reinforcement Ag= [Link] |[q.=004b, xD compression stec! Transverse [Total area of transverse Reinforcement reinforcement £ 60% of main| bars provided in the middle part lof stab, ing of T-beam, reverse or indirect method is used. © The thickness of the flange of T-beam of a ribbed slab is assumed as thickness of concrete topping. ‘© L-Beam are designed for bending moment and torsion moment. ‘© For L-Beam permissible stress of concrete is taken less than 30%, w Actual depth of neutral axis (x,) for T-section- (a) When Neutral axis ts in Flange- je =ma, (2-3, () When Neutral axis is in web area- lb, a(x, -%) =mA(d-x,)] (by Neglecting web orea) © One Way Slab- t >2 (Supported only 1wo edges) Civil Engineering psule 20 L © Twoway Slab- = $2 yy Slab- (Supported on all edges) Note- Max. B.M. occurred at the shorter span tm Design of two way slib— 1, By Grasoff Rankine Method— (used for comers not held down position) u t Wy =| | w| |, Load at shorter span, |Wq le Bl Lf =f Load at longer span, Where, r= B/L @ Shear Force- () Atshorter span, Vp apoB LB A At ve >| ewe (1) At larger span, (35) w = ( E Ber 2. By Pigeauds and Marcus's Method- (Comer's held down position) | |My =] 8 Jawa © Spacing of bars Note- ‘© Curnilment of bars - L7 forstab LAO for beam ‘© Widih of slab assumed for design- 1000 mm. ‘© Diameter of main reinforcement bars in stab, 8-14mm ‘* Diameter of Distribution bar in slab, 6-8 mm. Classification of column- Stendernessratia | Classification of column | SRS3 Pedestal SR2 12 Longcolumn 3<8R.<12 Short column ycr Note- ‘© Max. reinforcement in column-6% ‘Min. reinforcement in column -0.8% ‘© Area of distribution bar Awe O.1S%ofbD (For Fe 250) =0.12%ofbD (For HYSD bars) m Load carrying capacity of column- @ Forshorteolumn A. +6,A]WSM [F =047,A, +067,A,] LSM Where, Ac= Aq~ Ave (i) For tong column Pe (Ant onl) C,= Reduction factor Ic, 1.25; ae (SR.212) or lc, =125-— | (sr.>40) " 160%, " ‘Where, b = Least lateral dimension Note: C, is always less than L. ax ob 47 065L 0 WEL 470802 hab mStrength of coluran with hellcal relnforcement- P= 1.05 (o,A, +0,A,)]For shor column P= 1056, (A, +0,A,)] Note- “Helical reinforcement is provided only for circular column, For tong column (i) Piteh- Leas Iateralgimension Minimum of 16% ($= longitudinal bar dia) 300mm m= Hetical or spiral bar- (0 Piteh (2) Maximum piteh- Minimum of, 7mm or S%edi9 (8) Minimam pitch- Minimum of, 25 mm or 3x m Stenderness limle- (8) Unsupported length between end restrains ? 60 times least lateral dimension i) If in any given plane one end of column is unrestrained than ils unsupported length a of spiral bar i Minimum eccentricity of colamn- © For rectangular column, tia = var 3 201mm fe © Fornonrectangular column, Gua: [Link] | 300 20mm Fallure of Isolated column Footing Is due to- (i) Bending moment,(ii) Punching or shear force Critical section for the footing- For one way shear- Distance "d" away from the column face (i) Punching or two way shear - 4/2, away from the column face (Ul) To check vertical shear- At the column face wo Where d= effective depth Stress resultant Location [One way shear [Ava from face of column ‘= Ducto helical reinforcement its strength increased by || pending moment Al the face of the column 3%. Punching or two way | At‘d/2" from the face of ‘Helical reinforcement provided only clrcular|| ear ihe colomn reinforcement. _ & Mininum number of bar- Permissible punching shear stress for footing- For Rectangular column - 4 + [=k ore /m Jews) For circular column - 6 . Transverse reinforcement (Tle bar)- fa}(LSM) @ Di . passisiutis xia of engine bar émm Longersideof column Civil Engineering Capsule 2.0 95 Ycr © Column footing on piles- Thickness € 30 em © Column footing resting on soils- Thickness € 15 em Note- To calculate upward soil pressure self weight footing (10%) is not taken but to calculate footing area it is taken, Cantilever retaining wall- ‘Stem design shear force- ‘Stem design moment: Bearing fatture- Stress checked from the following equation, The factor of safety against bearing failure, Allowable bearing pressure B <3.0} Tenston fallure- Resultant of all types of forces should be passes| | middle third of the base of wall i.e. % Components of retaining wall and thelr funetlon- Eccenticty, 15 the wall. Types of Limit State- je Tt is designed as a inverted cantilever type| 1, Limit state of serviceability- sab. W includes limit stale of Deflection, Cracks, fs Upward pressure of soil acis on the bottom via ion, Salem, Deterioration, Corrosion, fifee! [Portion of the footing et the backfill side is ‘onding , Fire resistance ete. called Heel, 2. Limit state of collapse- Weep |Weep hole drained out the water fom the|| | Collapse limit deats with Shear, Flenure, Hotes |backcil Torsion ,Tension and Compression. J+ Used to reduce the development of|] Note- lexcessive lateral pressure (Hydrostatic LSM ‘or ‘toll A , - pse deals with the safety of the pressure), weep holes are provided. — structure and the limit state of serviceability deals fs The weep holes are spaced Sm horizontally|| with the durability of the structure in LSM. Sheri sw revtrel element which sometines]| SUES frei int sate method is more then the Key used in the bottom side of footing of reisining|| “°rking stress method. walls to reduce wall’ sliding. ‘= Value of partial safety factor (Ya)= 1m Mode of fatlures of retaining walls- Material Limit state method Overturning faitures- Collapse | Deftection| Cracking Factor of safety € 1.55. Conercte Ls 10 13 Overturning moment = pal Steel LIS 10 10 Restoring moment= Wx(b—X) WwAb—*) |The TpxH/3 5) Sliding failure Shear key is provided to increase the sliding resistance ([Link]. < 1.5). Note- ‘Partial F.O.S. of concrete is high duc to the quality control of concrete is not good as compare to steel. ®@ Characteristic strength - Strength below which not more than 5% of test result are expected to fall. 1 Allowable or Design strength and characteristic strength- + Resisting/ fiction force, f= pw Strength | Allowable/D | Characterist + Normal toading condition, JET 2 1.49 exign ic Conerete 0.45 be 0.67 fx + For earthquake loading, maa Steel 0876, 5 ‘Civil Engineering Capsule 2.0 96 YCr m Strese-strain curve for concrete is- Stress & Strain Diagram in RC Section (i) Parabotic from 0 10 0.002 77 Constant from 0.002 to 0.0035 © Concrete is considered to have failed at maximum| strain (0.0035) in stress strain diagram. iF my * ‘Lparbola © Total strain at proof stress, |i =0.002+ 4] Ld a te vase C= 036K.38 * : % TeOsTt.A, + Maximum permissible stain, =0.002+—2=1 | (ren of eas block tia Depth of the centre of gravity F042 Note- ofthe stress black from the : * ‘= For sicel permissible strain is taken as 0.003800, | |upper end Total compression force in | C,= 0.36 fa-xsb concrete = Design toad- Total Tension force in T= O87f, Ay Design load = Partial FOS. x Characteristics load ||reinforcerment stee! um Partisl Safety Factors for Varlous types of||Néwral Axis _DaTh A, loading As per IS. 456 : 2000- 036f.| Load Limit state of Limit state of 5 Condition collate serviceabinty _||[Limiting depth ofneural 7700 | Deod | Lie E.Q.L) DL | LL [eo 1100+0.87f, food _| tora |/ Wal. !W.L-]|Depih of compression force perin | 1s [1s 19 | 10 | - |||&om the top of the beam| pu+wi liso] - [is | ro | - | 10 ||P Lever Arm pu + wi) 12 [12] 12 | 10 | os | of EOL +uL. Where, DLL. = Dead toad, LL. = Live load, W.L. = Wind load, E.Q.L. = Earthquake load. xy= Depth of neutral axis 0.9" value is considered when stability against and reversal stress is critical where dead| loads contributes to stability. Assumptions in limit state of collapses under flexure- L. Plain section normal to the axis remain plain after bending, it means the sirain distribution across the depth of the cross-section is linear (strain compatibility). iL Maximum strain in concrete, which occurs at outermost compression fibre is taken as 0.0035 in bending. 1M, The stress-strain curve for concrete having parabolic| shape upto 0.002 strain and constant upto limit state 0f 0.0035. iv. For design purpose strength of concrete is assumed | 0.45 {and for siee! 0.87 f. Cu Area of stress block width of Beam T,= Area of steel x Permissible stress Permissible bearing stress of footing fo. = 0.256,] For WSM. fo, = 0.45%] For LSM. ‘@ Moment of resistance, M, # For Under Reinforcement Section, when X,

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