Enrolment No.

/Seat No_______________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–III EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2025
Subject Code:3130006 Date:13-06-2025
Subject Name:Probability and Statistics
Time:02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

Q.1 (a) Define independent events and provide an example 03

(b) A coin is tossed three times. What is the probability of getting exactly 04
two heads?
(c) Find the best fitting parabola: 07
x 1 2 3 4 5
y 2 5 10 17 26
Q.2 (a) Does there exists a binomial distribution for which variance is greater 03
than mean?
(b) A biased coin returns head 10% of times. Find the probability of getting 04
exactly 2 heads in 10 trials using binomial distribution.
(c) A factory has three machines A, B, and C producing 20%, 30%, and 07
50% of the total items, respectively. The probabilities of producing a
defective item are 1%, 2%, and 3% for A, B, and C, respectively. If an
item is defective, what is the probability that it was produced by
machine B?
OR
(c) A factory produces light-bulbs. The probability of a bulb being 07
defective is 0.02. If 200 bulbs are tested, use the Poisson approximation
to find the probability that at least three bulbs are defective.

Q.3 (a) Find the mean and median of 2, 3, 5, 7 03

(b) Calculate the rank correlation: 04
x 1 2 3 4 5
y 2 1 5 4 3
(c) Find the correlation coefficient. 07
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
y 6 8 11 9 12 10 14
OR
Q.3 (a) Find mode 03
x 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40
y 10 20 40 30
(b) Calculate first four central moments of observations 3,5,7,13 04
(c) Find regression line of Y on X 07
x 2 4 6 8 10
y 5 12 19 26 33

Q.4 (a) Explain the terms one-tailed and two-tailed test 03

(b) In a sample of 500 bulbs 20 are found defective. The company claims 04
that only 2% bulbs are defective. Test the reality of claim at 5% level
of significance.
1
 (c) Test whether the following samples could have been drawn from 07
population with same SD.
Sample A Sample B
Size 100 200
SD 10 11
OR
Q.4 (a) Explain the terms null and alternate hypothesis 03
(b) A coin returned 531 heads in 1000 tosses. Is it biased? [Use 𝛼 = 0.05] 04
(c) Use chi-square test to determine whether smoking and hypertension are 07
independent at 5% level of significance[𝜒 2 (𝛼 = 0.05, 𝑑𝑓 = 1) =
3.84]
Smoking No Smoking
Hypertension 30 20
No Hypertension 10 40

Q.5 (a) State Chebyshev’s inequality. 03

(b) Two cards are chosen randomly from deck. What is probability that (a) 04
both are ace? (b) both are black? (c) none is ace (d) none is black
(c) Weight of 1000 experimental animals is normally distributed with mean 07
235 grams and standard deviation 35. How many animals weigh (a)
below 172 grams (b) above 312 grams (c) between 172 to 312 grams.
[P(Z=1.8)=0.4641,P(Z=2.2)=0.4841]
OR
Q.5 (a) If A and B are independent events with P(A)=0.5, P(B)=0.4 then find 03
P(AᴜB)
(b) Find the best fitting line to the points (1,1), (2,4), (3,9), (4,16) 04
(c) Fit the curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 𝑥 07
x 1 2 3 4
y 35 70 140 280

*************

2
Enrolment No./Seat No_______________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE- SEMESTER–III (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2024
Subject Code: 3130006 Date:21-11-2024
Subject Name: Probability and Statistics
Time: 10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.
5. Use of log Table/Statistical Table/Any required Table are permitted.

MARKS
Q.1 (a) Define and give the example of Mutually exclusive events. 03
(b) One card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. Find the 04
probability of getting a king or a red card.
(c) Data on the readership of a certain magazine show that the proportion 07
of male readers under 35 is 0.40 and that over 35 is 0.20. If the
proportion of readers under 35 is 0.70, find the probability of
subscribers that are female over 35 years. Also, calculate the
probability that a randomly selected male subscriber is under 35 years
of age.

Q.2 (a) Three students 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶 are in a running race. If 𝑃(𝐴) = 𝑃(𝐵) = 03

2𝑃(𝐶), then find the probability that 𝐵 or𝐶 wins.

(b) Let X be a continuous random variable with pdf 04

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘𝑥(1 − 𝑥), 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1
Find 𝑘 and determine 𝑃(0 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 0.5).
(c) The contents of urns I, II and III are as follows: 07
1 white, 2 red, and 3 black balls
2 white, 3 red and 1 black ball, and
3 white, 1 red and 2 black balls.
One urn is chosen at random and two balls are drawn. They happen to
be white and red. Find the probability that they came from (i) Urn 𝐼
(ii) Urn 𝐼𝐼 (iii) Urn 𝐼𝐼𝐼.
OR
(c) A random variable X has the following probability distribution: 07
𝑋 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
𝑃(𝑋 0.1 𝑘 0.2 2𝑘 0.3 3𝑘
= 𝑥)
(i) Find the value of 𝑘
(ii) Find 𝑃(𝑥 ≥ 2)
(iii) 𝑃(−2 < 𝑥 < 2)

Q.3 (a) Let the continuous random variable X have the probability density 03
1
; 1<𝑥<∞
function 𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑥 4
0; 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
Find distribution function 𝐹(𝑥).
1
 (b) A random variable X has the following distribution: 04
𝑋 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2
𝑃(𝑋 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.15
= 𝑥)
Find (i) 𝐸(𝑋) (ii)𝑉𝑎𝑟(𝑋).
(c) Compute Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation between 𝑋 and 𝑌 for 07
the following data:
𝑥 2 4 5 6 8 11
𝑦 18 12 10 8 7 5
OR
Q.3 (a) If the two lines of regression are 2𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 30 = 0 and 10𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 03
104 = 0 which of these are lines of regression of 𝑥 on 𝑦 and 𝑦 on 𝑥?
(b) Calculate the first four moments from the following data: 04
𝑥 5 10 15 20 25
𝑓 6 10 14 6 4
(c) Obtain the line of regression of monthly sales (𝑦) on advertisement 07
expenditure (𝑥) and estimate the monthly sales when the company
will spend Rs. 50000 on advertisement, if the data on y and x are as
follows:
𝑦 (in lac) 74 76 60 68 79 70 71 94
𝑥 43 44 36 38 47 40 41 54
(in thousand)

Q.4 (a) Explain the term related to testing of hypothesis: (i) One Tailed Test 03
(ii) Two Tailed Test (iii) Critical Region.
(b) A coinwas tossed 960 times and returned heads 183 times. Test the 04
hypothesis that the coin is [Link] 0.05 level of significance?
(|𝑍0.05 | = 1.96)
(c) In a city A, 20% of a random sample of 900 school boys has a certain 07
slight physical defect. In another city B, 18.5% of a random sample of
1600 school boys has the same defect. Is a difference between the
proportions significant at 0.05 level of significance? (|𝑍0.05 | = 1.96)
OR
Q.4 (a) The mean breaking strength of a rope is 160 kgs. If 6 bricks (selected 03
from different piles) have a mean breaking strength of 154.3 kgs with
a standard deviation of 6.4 kgs. Test the null hypothesis 𝜇 = 160 kgs.
against the alternative hypothesis 𝜇 < 160 kgs. at 1% level of
significance. [𝑡0.01 (𝑣 = 5) = 3.365]
(b) Examine whether the two samples for which the data are given in the 𝟎𝟒
following table could have been drawn from populations with the
same SD.
Size SD
Sample I 100 5
Sample II 200 7
(|𝑍0.05 | = 1.96)
(c) If 𝑋 is a Poisson variate such that 𝑃(𝑋 = 0) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 1), find 𝑃(𝑋 = 07
0) and using recurrence formula, find the probabilities at 𝑥 =
1,2,3,4 and 5.

Q.5 (a) Using least squares approximation method, fit a straight line𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 03
𝑏 to the following data:
𝑥 1 2 3 4 5
𝑦 14 27 40 55 68
2
 (b) Using least squares approximation method,fit a curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑏𝑥 to the 04
following data:
𝑥 1 5 7 9 12
𝑦 10 15 12 15 21
(c) Distribution of height of 1000 students is normal with mean 165 cms 07
and standard deviation 15 cms. How many soldiers are of height (i)
less than 138 cms. (ii) more than 198 cms. (iii) between 138 and 198
cms. (𝑃(𝑧 = 1.8) = 0.4641, 𝑃(𝑧 = 2.2) = 0.4841)
OR
Q.5 (a) In a throw of a dice the appearance of a number 4 is taken as a success. 03
If the dice is thrown 5 times, find mean, variance and standard
deviation.
(b) If a random variable has a Poisson distribution such that 𝑃(𝑋 = 1) = 04
𝑃(𝑋 = 2), find (i) the mean of distribution, (ii) 𝑃(𝑋 = 4) (iii) 𝑃(𝑋 ≥
1) (iv) 𝑃(1 < 𝑋 < 4).
(c) Using least squares approximation method, fit a second-degree 07
parabolic curve to the following data:
X 1 2 3 4 5
Y 5 12 26 60 97
Also, estimate 𝑦 at 𝑥 = 6.

*************

3
 Enrolment No./Seat No_______________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–III (NEW) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2024
Subject Code:3130006 Date:16-07-2024
Subject Name: Probability and Statistics
Time:10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.
MARKS
Q.1 (a) Define and give the example of Random variable. 03
(b) What is the probability that a leap year selected at random will have 53 Sundays? 04
(c) In a bolt factory, three machines A, B and C produce 25%, 35% and 40% of total 07
output respectively. It was found that 5%,4% and 2% are defective bolts in the
production by machines A, B, C respectively. A bolt is chosen at random from the
total output and is found to be defective. Find the probability that it is manufactured
from (i) Machine A(ii) Machine B (iii) Machine C.

Q.2 (a) A bag contains 3 red and 4 white balls. Two draws are made without replacement. 03
What is the probability that both balls are red.
(b) The probability that a student A solves a mathematics problem is 2 04
and the
5
2
probability that a student 𝐵 solves it is 3. What is the probability that (i) the
problem is not solved (ii) both 𝐴 and 𝐵 can solve the problem, working
independently of each other?
(c) Verify that the following function 𝐹(𝑥) is a distribution function. 07
0; 𝑥<0
𝐹(𝑥) = { −
𝑥
1 − 𝑒 4; 𝑥 ≥ 0
Also, find the probabilities 𝑃(𝑋 ≤ 4), 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 8), 𝑃(4 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 8).
OR
(c) The probability mass function of a random variable X is zero except at the points 07
𝑋 = 0, 1, 2. At these points, it has the values
𝑃(𝑋 = 0) = 3𝑐 3 , 𝑃(𝑋 = 1) = 4𝑐 − 10𝑐 2 , 𝑃(𝑋 = 2) = 5𝑐 − 1. Find (i) 𝑐 (ii)
𝑃(𝑋 < 1) (iii) 𝑃(1 < 𝑋 ≤ 2) (iv) 𝑃(0 < 𝑋 ≤ 2).

Q.3 (a) Find the constant 𝑘 such that the function 03

𝑘𝑥 2 ; 0 < 𝑥 < 3
𝑓(𝑥) = {
0; 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
is a probability density function,
(b) A random variable X has the following distribution: 04
𝑋 1 2 3 4 5 6
𝑃(𝑋 1 3 5 7 9 11
= 𝑥) 36 36 36 36 36 36
Find (i) mean (ii) variance.
(c) Compute Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation between 𝑋 and 𝑌 for the 07
following data:
𝑥 10 14 18 22 26 30
𝑦 18 12 24 6 30 36
OR

1
Q.3 (a) Find coefficient of correlation between 𝑥 and 𝑦 if the regression lines are: 𝑥 + 03
6𝑦 = 6 and 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 10.
(b) Calculate the first four moments from the following data: 04
𝑥 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
𝑦 5 10 15 20 25 20 15 10 5
(c) The following data give the experience of machine operators and their 07
performance rating as given by the number of good parts turned out per 100 piece.
Operator 1 2 3 4 5 6
Performance 23 43 53 63 73 83
rating (𝑥)
Experience 5 6 7 8 9 10
(𝑦)
Calculate the regression line of performance rating on experience and also
estimate the probable performance if an operator has 11 years of experience.

Q.4 (a) Explain the term related to testing of hypothesis: (i) Null hypothesis (ii) Alternate 03
hypothesis and (iii) Level of Significance
(b) A dice is tossed 960 times and it falls with 5 upwards 184 times. Is the dice 04
unbiased at a level of significance of 0.01? (|𝑍0.01 | = 2.58)
(c) A set of five similar coins is tossed 320 times and result is obtained as follows 07
No of 0 1 2 3 4 5
heads
Frequency 6 27 72 112 71 32
Test the hypothesis that the data follow a binomial distribution. (Critical value
2
𝜒0.05 = 11.07)
OR
Q.4 (a) The heights of 10 males of a given locality are found to be 175, 168, 155, 170, 03
152, 170,175,160,160 and 165 cm. Based on this sample, find the 95% confidence
limits for the heights of males in that locality. [𝑡0.05 (𝑣 = 9) = 2.262]
(b) Random samples drawn from two countries gave the following data relating to the 04
heights of adult males:
Country A Country B
Standard 2.58 2.50
deviation (in
inches)
Number in 1000 1200
samples
Is the difference between the standard deviation significant? (|𝑍0.05 | = 1.96)
(c) If a random variable has a Poisson distribution such that 𝑃(𝑋 = 1) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 2), 07
find (i) the mean of the distribution (ii) 𝑃(𝑋 = 4) (iii) 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 1) (iv)
𝑃(1 < 𝑋 < 4).

Q.5 (a) Fit a straight line𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 to the following data: 03

𝑥 1 2 3 4 6 8
𝑦 2.4 3 3.6 4 5 6
𝑥
(b) Fit a curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 to the following data: 04
𝑥 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
𝑦 1 1.2 1.8 2.5 3.6 4.7 6.6 9.1
(c) The lifetime of a certain kind of batteries has a mean life of 400 hours and the 07
standard deviation as 45 hours. Assuming the distribution of lifetime to be normal,
find (i) the percentage of batteries with a lifetime of at least 470 hours (ii) the
proportion of batteries with a lifetime between 385 and 415 hours, and (iii) the
minimum life of the best 5% of batteries. (𝑃(0 < 𝑧 < 0.33) = 0.1293)
OR
Q.5 (a) The mean and variance of a binomial variate are 8 and 6. Find 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 2). 03
2
(b) Out of 800 families with 5 children each, how many would you except to have (i) 04
3 boys? (ii) 5 girls?
(c) Fit a second-degree parabolic curve to the following data: 07
𝑥 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
𝑦 2 6 7 8 10 11 11 10 9

*************

3
 Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–III (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2023
Subject Code:3130006 Date:12-01-2024
Subject Name:Probability and Statistics
Time:10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

Q.1 (a) Define and give examples of Random Experiment and Sample space. 03
(b) For a certain model car, the probability of the air conditioner failing before the warranty 04
expires is 0.36, the probability of alternator failing is 0.26, and the probability of both
failing is 0.11. Find the probability of the air conditioner or the alternator failing before
the warranty expires.
(c) A microchip company has three machines that produce the chips. Machine- I produces 07
45% of the chips, but 5% of its chips are defective. Machine-II produces 35% of the
chips and 10% of its chips are defective. Machine-III produces the rest of the chips and
2% of its chips are defective. Find the probability of:
A randomly selected chip is found to be
(i) a defective chip that has come from Machine-I,
(ii) a non-defective chip that has come from Machine-II,
(iii) a defective chip that has come from Machine-III.
Q.2 (a) Define Exponential Distribution and Gamma distribution. 03
(b) The following table gives the number of aircraft accidents that occurred during the 04
various days of the week. Find whether the accidents are uniformly distributed over the
week. (Use 𝜒 2 at 5% level of significance for 6 degree of freedom is 12.59).
Days Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat.
No. of Accidents 14 16 8 12 11 9 14
(c) Fit a second-degree parabola for the following data: 07
x: 0 1 2 3 4
y: 3 6 11 18 27
Estimate the value of y when x = 5.
OR
𝑥
(c) Fit a relation of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 for the following data by the method of least squares: 07
x: 2 3 4 5 6
y: 8.3 15.4 33.1 65.2 126.4
Estimate the value of y when x = 1.

Q.3 (a) An insurance company has discovered that only 0.1% of the population is involved in a 03
certain type of accident every year. If its 1000 policy-holders are selected at random

1
 from the population, what is the probability that not more than 2 of its clients are
involved in such accident next year?

(b) Suppose that the current measurements in a strip of wire are assumed to follow a normal 04
distribution with a mean of 10 milliamperes and variance of 4 (milliamperes)2. What is
the probability that a measurement (i) exceeds 13 milliamperes, (ii) is at most 10
milliamperes, (iii) between 10 and 13 milliamperes? [ Use: P(Z ≤ 1.5) = 0.9332].
(c) Each sample of water has a 10% chance of containing a particular organic pollutant. 07
Assume that the samples are independent with regard to the presence of the pollutant.
Find the probability that in next 10 samples, (i) exactly 2, (ii) at least 4, (iii) between 2
and 7, samples contain the pollutant.
OR
Q.3 (a) Form the binomial distribution for the experiment of tossing a coin three times and 03
counting the number of heads appear.
(b) In a normal distribution 31% of items are under 45 and 8% are over 64. Find the mean 04
and standard deviation of the distribution.
[Use: P(0 < Z < 1.405) = 0.42, and P(0 < Z < 0.495) = 0.19].
(c) For the case of the thin copper wire, suppose that the number of flaws follows a Poisson 07
distribution with mean of 2.3 flaws per millimeter. Determine the probability of
(i) exactly 2 flaws in 1 millimeter of wire, (ii) at least 1 flaw in 2 millimeters of wire,
(iii) between 2 and 5 flaws in 1 millimeter of wire.

Q.4 (a) For the following data, which of the series A and B shows greater variation? 03
Series Mean Standard
Deviation
A 160 10
B 60 5
(b) In a partially, destroyed record on analysis of correlation data, only the following are 04
legible: Variance of x, 𝜎𝑥2 = 9, regression equation 8x – 10y + 66 = 0, 40x – 18y = 214.
Find (i) mean values of x and y, (ii) the standard deviation of y.
(c)
Ten competitors in a contest are ranked by three judges in the following order: 07
1st Judge 1 6 5 10 3 2 4 9 7 8
2nd Judge 3 5 8 4 7 10 2 1 6 9
3rd Judge 6 4 9 8 1 2 3 10 5 7
Use the correlation coefficient to determine which pair of judges has the nearest
approach.
OR
Q.4 (a) Calculate Pearson’s coefficient of skewness for the following data: 03
x: 12 17 22 27 32
f: 28 42 54 108 129
(b) The number of messages sent per hour over a computer network has the following 04
probability distribution:
X = No. of messages 10 11 12 13 14 15
P(x) 0.08 0.15 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.07
Determine the mean and standard deviation of the number of messages sent per hour.

2
 (c) Calculate the coefficient of correlation between x and y for the following data: 07
x: 65 66 67 67 68 69 70 72
y: 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71
Q.5 (a) Define Statistical Hypothesis and types of errors occurring while testing of hypothesis. 03
(b) To test whether a particular training improved the performance, a similar training was 04
given to 8 participants, their scores both before and after the training are given below:
Score (Before): 44 40 61 52 32 44 70 41
Score (After): 53 38 69 57 46 39 73 48
Test at 5% level of significance if the training was effective in terms of performance on
the test. [Use t 7,0.05 = 2.37].
(c) A manufacturer of sprinkler systems used for fire protection in office buildings claims 07
that the true average system-activation temperature is 130℉. A sample of size 𝑛 = 9
systems, when tested, yields a sample average activation temperature of 131.08℉. If
the distribution of activation times is normal with standard deviation 1.5℉, does the data
contradict the manufacturer’s claim at 1% level of significance. [Use Z0.01 = 2.58.]
OR
Q.5 (a) A random sample of size 20 from a normal population has mean 40 and standard 03
deviation of 4. Test the hypothesis that the population mean is 45. [Use 𝑡0.05,19 = 2.09. ]
(b) Analysis of a random sample consisting of size m = 20 specimens of cold-rolled steel to 04
determine yield strengths resulted in a sample average strength of 𝑥̅ =29.8 ksi. A second
random sample of size n = 25 two-sided galvanized steel specimens gave a sample
average strength of 𝑦̅ =34.7 ksi. Assuming that the two yield-strength distributions are
normal with 𝜎1 = 4.0 and 𝜎2 = 5.0, does the data indicate that the corresponding true
average yield strengths 𝜇1 and 𝜇2 are different? Use 5% level of significance.
[Use 𝑍0.05 = 1.96.]
(c) Oxide layers on semiconductor wafers are etched in a mixture of gases to achieve the 07
proper thickness. The variability in the thickness of these oxide layers is a critical
characteristic of the wafer, and low variability is desirable for subsequent processing
steps. Two different mixtures of gases are being studied to determine whether one is
superior in reducing the variability of the oxide thickness. Twenty wafers are etched in
each gas. The sample standard deviations of oxide thickness are s1 = 1.96 angstroms and
s2 = 2.13 angstroms, respectively. Is there any evidence to indicate that either gas is
preferable? [Use 𝐹0.05,(19,19) = 2.16. ]

********************************

3
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–III(NEW) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2023
Subject Code:3130006 Date:24-07-2023
Subject Name:Probability and Statistics
Time:02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.
Marks
Q.1 (a) A study showed that 65% of managers had some business 03
education and 50% had some engineering education. Furthermore
20% of managers had some business education but no engineering
education. What is probability that a manager has some business
education, given that he has some engineering education?
(b) Two computer A and B are to be marketed. A salesman who is 04
assigned the job of finding customers for them has 60% and 40%
chances respectively of succeeding in case of Computer A and B.
The Computers can be sold independently. Given he was able to
sell at least one computer, what is the probability that computer A
has been sold?
(c) In a post office, three clerks are assigned to process incoming 07
mails. The first clerk 𝐵1processes 40%, the second clerk 𝐵2
processes 35% and the third clerk 𝐵3 processes 25% of the total
mails. The first clerk has an error rate of 0.04, the second has an
error rate of 0.06 and the third has an error rate of 0.03. A mail
selected at random from a day’s output is found to have an error.
The Post Master wishes to know the probability that the mail was
processed by the first, second or third clerk respectively.

Q.2 (a) The incidence of occupational disease in an industry is such that 03

the workers 20% chance of suffering from it. What is the
probability that out of six workers 4 or more will contract disease?
(b) On an average one in 400 times items is defective. If the items are 04
packed in boxes of 100, what is the probability, that any given box
of items will contain
a) No defective
b) Less than two defectives
c) One or more defectives
d) More than three defectives.
(c) The average daily sales of 500 branch offices was Rs. 150
thousand and the standard deviation Rs. 15 thousand. Assuming
the distribution to be normal, indicate how many branches have
sales between:
1. Rs. 120 thousand and Rs. 145 thousand.
2. Rs. 140 thousand and Rs. 165 thousand.
𝑃(0 < 𝑧 < 3.3) = 0.4772, 𝑃(0 < 𝑧 < 2) = 0.1293,
[ ]
𝑃(0 < 𝑧 < 0.67) = 0.2486, 𝑃(0 < 𝑧 < 1) = 0.3413
OR
(c) In a Normal distribution 31% of the items are under 45 and 8% 07
are above the 64. Find mean and standard deviation of the
distribution.
1
Q.3 (a) The mean monthly salary paid to all employees in a company is 03
Rs. 1600. The mean monthly salaries paid to technical and non-
technical employees are Rs. 1800 and Rs. 1200 respectively.
Determine the percentage of technical and non-technical
employees of the company.
(b) Calculate average deviation from mean from the following data: 04
Sales 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
No. of days 3 6 11 3 2
(c) The median and mode of the following wage distribution are Rs. 07
33.5 and Rs. 34 respectively. However, three frequencies are
missing. Determine their values.
Wages 0- 10- 20- 30- 40- 50- 60- Total
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
f 4 16 𝑓0 𝑓1 𝑓2 6 4 230
OR
Q.3 (a) The following data relate to the sales of 100 companies: 03
Sales Below 60- 62- 64- 66- 68- 70-
60 62 64 66 68 70 72
No. of 12 18 25 30 10 3 2
Companies
Calculate the value of modal sales.
(b) The following data relate to the profits of 1000 companies. 04
Profits 100- 120- 140- 160- 180- 200- 220-
120 140 160 180 200 220 240
No. of 17 53 199 194 327 208 2
Companies
Calculate the coefficient of skewness and comment on its value.
(c) The profits earned by 100 companies during 1998-99 are given 07
below. Calculate 𝑄1 , 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛, 𝐷4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃80 .
Profits 20- 30- 40- 50- 60- 70- 80- 90-
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
No. of 4 8 18 30 15 10 8 7
Companies
Q.4 (a) Find correlation of coefficient between the sales and expenses 03
from the data given below:
Firm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sales 50 50 55 60 65 65 65 60 60 50
Expense 11 13 14 16 16 15 15 14 13 13
(b) Two housewives, Geeta and Rita, asked to express their 04
preferences for different kinds of detergents, gave the following
replies.
Detergent A B C D E F G H I J
Geeta 4 2 1 3 7 8 6 5 9 10
Rita 4 1 2 3 8 7 5 6 9 10
To what extent the preferences of these two ladies go together?
(c) Obtain both the regression equations form the data given below. 07
X 1 2 3 45 6 7 8 9
Y 9 8 10 12 11 13 14 16 15
Also calculate the coefficient of correlation.
OR
Q.4 (a) Find the coefficient of correlation by Karl Pearson’s method 03
between X and Y and interpret the values.
X 57 42 40 33 42 45 42 44 40 56 44 43
Y 10 60 30 41 29 27 27 19 18 19 31 29

2
 (b) An examination of eight applicants for a clerical post was taken 04
by a firm. From the marks obtained by the applicants in the
accountancy and statistics papers, compute the rank coefficient of
correlation.
Applicant A B C D E F G H
Marks in 15 20 28 12 40 60 20 80
accountancy
Marks in 40 30 50 30 20 10 30 60
Statistics
(c) In a partially destroyed laboratory record of an analysis of 07
correlation data the following results are eligible.
𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑋 = 9, 8𝑥 − 10𝑦 + 66 = 0, 40𝑥 − 18𝑦 = 214.
Find on the basis of the above information:
1. The mean values of X and Y.
2. Coefficient of correlation between X and Y
3. Standard deviation of Y.

Q.5 (a) The mean lifetime of a sample of 100 light tubes produced by a 03
company is found to be 1580 hours with standard deviation of 90
hours. Test the hypothesis that mean lifetime of the tube produced
by the company is 1600 hours. (The critical value of z at 5% level
of significance is ±1.96).
(b) Two salesman A and B are working in a certain district. From a 04
sample survey conducted by the Head office, the following results
were obtained. State whether there is any significant difference in
the average sales between the two salesmen?
A B
No. of sales 20 18
Average sales 170 205
Standard deviation 20 25
The table value of t at 5% level of significance and 36 df is 1.9
(c) Fit a curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 𝑥 to the following data. 07
x 2 3 4 5 6 8
y 8.3 15.4 33.1 65.2 126.4 146
OR
Q.5 (a) The Prices of shares of a company on the different days in a month 03
were found to be :
66, 65, 69, 70, 69, 71, 70, 63, 64, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 68.
Test whether the mean price of the shares in the month is 65. (The
table value of t for 9 degrees of freedom at 5% level of
significance is 1.833.)
(b) In random sample of 100 persons taken from village A, 60 are 04
found to be consuming tea. In another sample of 200 persons
taken from village B, 100 persons are found to be consuming tea.
Do the data reveal significant difference between the two villages
as far as the habit of consuming tea is concerned? (The critical
value of z at 5% level of significance is ±1.96).
(c) Fit a second degree parabola to the following data: 07
x 1 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
y 1.1 1.3 1.6 2.0 2.7 3.4 4.1

3
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER– III(NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2022
Subject Code:3130006 Date:20-02-2023
Subject Name:Probability and Statistics
Time:02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

Marks
Q.1 (a) Define random variable and continuous random [Link] X be a 03
continuous random variable with a probability density function
f ( x)  kx(1  x), 0  x  1 find k.
(b) Define Mutually exclusive events and independent events. If A and B are 04
independent events, where P(A)=1/4, P(B)=2/3 . Find P ( A  B ).
(c) State Baye’s theorem. An urn I contains 3 white and 4 red balls and an urn 07
II contains 5 white and 6 red balls. One ball is drawn at random from one
of the urns and is found to be white. Find the probability that it was drawn
from urn I.

Q.2 (a) Compute Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient for the following data: 03
Person A B C D E F G H I J
Rank in 9 10 6 5 7 2 4 8 1 3
statistics
Rank in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
income
(b) A manufacturer knows from experience that the resistance of resistors he 04
produces is normal with a mean   100 ohms and standard deviation
  2 ohms. What percentage of resistors will have resistance between 98
ohms and 102 ohms? P (0  z  1)  0.3413 .
(c) In a certain factory turning out razor blades, there is a small chance of 07
0.002 for any blade to be defective. The blades are supplied in packets of
10, use Poisson distribution to calculate the approximate number of
packets containing no defective, one defective and two defective blades
respectively in a consignment of 10,000 packets. ( e 0.02  0.9802 )
OR
(c) Define exponential distribution. The average time it takes to serve a 07
customer at a petrol pump is 6 minutes. The service time follows
exponential distribution. Calculate the probability that (i) A customer will
take less than 2 minutes to complete the service. (ii) A customer will take
between 4 and 5 minutes to get the service. (iii) A customer will take more
than 10 minutes for his service.

Q.3 (a) Obtain the correlation coefficient between x and y, when the lines of 03
regression are: 2x-9y+6 = 0, x-2y+1 = 0.

1
 (b) Calculate the mode from the following data: 04
Age 0-6 6-12 12-18 18-24 24- 30- 36-
30 36 42

Frequency 6 11 25 35 18 12 6
The following table gives recorded data showing the test scores made by
(c) 07
salesmen on an intelligence test and their weekly sales:
Salesmen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Test 40 70 50 60 80 50 90 40 60 60
scores
Sales 2.5 6.0 4.5 5.0 4.5 2.0 5.5 3.0 4.5 3.0
Calculate the regression line of sales on test scores and estimate the most
probable weekly sales volume if a salesman makes a score of 70.
OR
Q.3 (a) In a distribution, the mean=65, median =70, coefficient of skewness =-0.6. 03
Calculate the mode and coefficient of variation.
(b) Calculate the median for the following data: 04
Class(Marks 5-10 10- 15- 20- 25- 30- 35- 40-
group) 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Frequency 5 6 15 10 5 4 2 2
(c) Following are the values of import of raw material and export of finished 07
product in suitable units.
Export 10 11 14 14 20 22 16 12 15 13
Import 12 14 15 16 21 26 21 15 16 14
Compute the coefficient of correlation between the import values and
export values.

Q.4 (a) Explain the term related to testing of hypothesis (i) Null hypothesis (ii) 03
Level of significance (iii) Two tailed test.
(b) In sampling a large number of parts manufactured by a machine, the mean 04
number of defectives in a sample of 20 is 2. Out of 1000 such samples,
how many would be expected to contain exactly two defective parts?
(c) The following table showing the number of plants having certain 07
characters.
Flat leaves Curled leaves Total
White flowers 267 27 294
Red flowers 757 155 912
Total 1024 182 1206
Use the  test to access the correctness of the hypothesis that the flower
2

colour is independent of flatness of leaf at 5% level of significance.

 2 (0.05,1)  3.84 .
OR
Q.4 (a) The mean life of a sample of 25 fluorescent light bulbs is found as 1550 03
hours with a standard deviation of 120 hours. The company manufacturing
the bulbs claims that the average life of their bulbs is 1600 hours. Is the
claim acceptance at 5% level of significance? The value of t at 5% level of
significance and 24 degree of freedom is 1.711.
(b) The mean life time of sample of 100 fluorescent light bulbs produced by a 04
company is computed to be 1570 hours with a standard deviation of 120
hours. The company claims that the average life of the bulbs produced by
it is 1600 hours. Using the level of significance of 0.05, is the claim
acceptable? (Z 0.05  1.96 ).
2
 (c) State Chebyshev’s inequality. A fair dice is tossed 120 times. Use 07
Chebyshev’s inequality to find a lower bound for the probability of getting
80 to 120 sixes.

Q.5 (a) Fit the line y  a  bx for the following data: 03

x 0 5 10 15 20 25
y 12 15 17 22 24 30

(b) Fit the curve y  axb to the following data. 04

x 61 26 7 2.6
y 350 400 500 600
(c) Define Gamma distribution. Given a Gamma random variable X with 07
r  3 and   2. Compute E ( X ), Var ( X ) and P ( X  1.5 years ) .
OR
Q.5 (a) Define [Link] first four central moments of a distribution are 0,2.5, 03
0.7 and 18.75. Compute Skewness and Kurtosis.
(b) Two random samples gave the following data: 04
Size Mean Variance
Sample I 8 9.6 1.2
Sample II 11 16.5 2.5
Can we conclude that the two samples have been drawn from the same
normal population? F0.05(10,7)=3.64.
(C) Fit a parabola y  a  bx  cx 2 for the following data: 07
x 1 2 3 4 5
y 5 12 26 60 97
Also, estimate y at x=6.

3
 Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER– III (NEW) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2022
Subject Code:3130006 Date:11-07-2022
Subject Name:Probability and Statistics
Time:02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

Q.1 (a) Define and give the example of: (i) Random variable, (ii) Independent Events. 03
(b) Two fair six-sided dice are tossed independently. Let M be the maximum of the two 04
tosses. What is the probability mass function (pmf) of M?
(c) Seventy percent of the light aircraft that disappear while in flight in a certain country 07
are subsequently discovered. Of the aircraft that are discovered, 60% have an
emergency locator, whereas 90% of the aircraft not discovered do not have such a
locator. Suppose a light aircraft has disappeared.
(i) If it has an emergency locator, what is the probability that it will not be discovered?
(ii) If it does not have an emergency locator, what is the probability that it will be
discovered?

Q.2 (a) State the probability function of Exponential and Gamma distribution. 03
(b) A dice is thrown 264 times with the following results. Show that the dice is biased. 04
2
[Use 𝜒0.05 = 11.07 for 5 degree of freedom].
No. appeared on dice 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency 40 32 28 58 54 52
(c) Fit a straight line to the following data. Also, estimate the value of y at x=72. 07
x: 65 66 67 67 68 69 71 73
y: 67 68 64 68 72 70 69 70
OR
(c) Fit the second degree parabola using the least square method to the following data: 07
x: 1 2 3 4 5
y: 5 12 26 60 97
Also, estimate y at x=6.

Q.3 (a) State the properties of the Normal Distribution 03

(b) If a random variable has a Poisson distribution such that P(X=1)=P(X=2), find 04
(i) the mean of the distribution, (ii) P(X=5), (iii) P(X>1), and (iv) P(1<X<4).
(c) Define Binomial Distribution. 07
A particular telephone number is used to receive both voice calls and fax messages.
Suppose that 25% of the incoming calls involve fax messages, and consider a sample
of 10 incoming calls. What is the probability that (i)At most 3 (ii) Exactly 3 (iii) At
least 3 (iv) More than 3, of the calls involve a fax message?
OR
Q.3 (a) The mean and variance of a binomial distribution are 4 and 2. Find 𝑃(𝑋 ≥ 2). 03

1/3
 (b) A car hire firm has two cars, which it hires out day by day. The number of demands for 04
a car on each day is distributed as a Poisson distribution with mean of 1.5. Calculate the
proportion of days on which (i) neither car is used, (ii) some demand is refused, (iii)
only one car is used.
(c) Define Standard normal variate. 07
The lifetime of a certain kind of batteries has a mean life of 400 hours and the standard
deviation as 45 hours. Assuming the distribution of lifetime to be normal.
Find The percentage of batteries with lifetime (i) at least 490 hours, (ii) between 385
and 490 hours. Also, find the minimum life of the best 5% of batteries.
[Use: P(0< z < 2) = 0.4772, P(0 < z < 0.33) = 0.1293 and P(0< z < 1.65) = 0.45]

Q.4 (a) Explain the term related to testing of hypothesis: (i) Type I Error, (ii) Type II Error, (iii) 03
Level of Significance.
(b) A coin was tossed 960 times and returned heads 183 times. Test the hypothesis that the 04
coin is unbiased. Use 5% level of significance. [use 𝑍0.05 = 1.96].
(c) Two types of batteries are tested for their length of life and the following data are 07
obtained:
No. of samples Mean Life in hours Variance
Type A 9 600 121
Type B 8 640 144
Is there a significant difference in the two means? [Use 𝑡0.05,15 = 2.132]
OR
Q.4 (a) Ten objects are chosen at random from a large population and their weights are found 03
to be in grams:61,63,64,65,68,69,69,70,71,71. Discuss the suggestion that the mean is
65 g. [Use 𝑡0.05 = 2.262 𝑎𝑡 𝑣 = 9].
(b) The means of simple samples of sizes 1000 and 2000 are 67.5 cm and 68 cm 04
respectively. Can the samples be regarded as drawn from the same population of
standard deviation 2 cm. [use 𝑍0.05 = 1.96]
(c) Two random samples are drawn from two populations and the following results were 07
obtained:
Sample I 21 24 25 26 27
Sample II 22 27 28 30 31 36
Find the variances of the two samples and test whether the two populations have the
same variances.[Use 𝐹0.05 (5,4) = 6.26.]

Q.5 (a) The probability distribution of a random variable X is given below. 03

Find (i) E(X), (ii) V(X)
X: -2 -1 0 1 2
P(x=X) 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1
(b) The following are the lines of regression 9𝑦 = 𝑥 + 288 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4𝑦 = 𝑥 + 38. Estimate y 04
when x = 99 and x when y = 30. Also, find the means of x and y.
(c) Ten competitors in a test are ranked by three judges in the following order: 07
Rank by First Judge: 6 10 2 9 8 1 5 3 4 7
Rank by Second Judge: 5 4 10 1 9 3 8 7 2 6
Rank by Third Judge: 4 8 2 10 7 5 9 1 3 6
Use the method of rank correlation to gauge which pairs of judges has nearest common
approach.
OR
Q.5 (a) For a group of 10 items, Σ𝑥 = 452, Σ𝑥 2 = 24270, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 43.7. Find Karl 03
Pearson’s coefficient of Skewness.

2/3
(b) Find the correlation coefficient for the following data: 04
X: -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Y: 9 4 1 0.5 1 4 9
(c) Calculate the regression coefficients and find the two lines of regression for the 07
following data:
x: 57 58 59 59 60 61 62 64
y: 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71
Find the value of y when x=65.

*****************************

3/3
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–III (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2021
Subject Code:3130006 Date:17-02-2022
Subject Name:Probability and Statistics
Time:10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

Q.1 (a) Define a term random variable and explain different types of random variable. 03
(b) A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. What is the probability 04
that the card is a spade or a king?
(c) State Baye’s theorem. There are three bags; first containing 1 white, 2 red and 07
3green balls; second 2 white, 3 red and 1green balls and third 3 white, 1 red
and 2 green balls. Two balls are drawn from a beg chosen at random. These
are found to be 1 white and 1 red. Find the probability that the balls so drawn
came from the second bag.

Q.2 (a) Two judges in a beauty contest rank the 12 contestants as follows: 03
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
y 12 9 6 10 3 5 4 7 6 2 11 1
Calculate rank correlation coefficient.
(b) A book contains 100 misprints distributed randomly throughout its 100 pages. 04
What is the probability that a page observed at random contains at least 2
misprints.
(c) A die is thrown six times. If getting an odd number is a success, find the 07
probability of (i) 5 success (ii) at least five success and (iii) at most five
success.
OR
(c) If a random variable x is Gamma distribution with parameter 𝜆 = 3, compute 07
the value of (i) P(x≤1) and (ii) P(1≤x≤2).

Q.3 (a) Calculate the coefficient of variance for the following data: 03
Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Interval
Frequency 5 7 2 3 3
(b) Calculate the median for the following data: 04
Class 0-30 30-60 60-90 90-120 120- 150-180
Interval 150
Frequency 8 13 22 27 18 7
(c) Compute the correlation coefficients between X and Y using following data: 07
X 2 4 5 6 8 11
Y 18 12 10 8 7 5
OR
Q.3 (a) Obtain correlation coefficient between x and y if two regression lines are 4x- 03
5y+33=0 and 20x-9y-107=0.

1
 (b) Calculate the mode for the following data:
Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Interval 04
Frequency 10 14 19 7 13

(c) Obtain the regression line of y on x for the following data:

x 100 98 78 85 110 93 80 07
y 85 90 70 72 95 81 74

Q.4 (a) Explain the term related to testing of hypothesis: (i) Null hypothesis (ii) 03
Alternate hypothesis and (iii) Errors while accepting or rejecting a hypothesis.
(b) The mean of 35 sample of the thermal conductivity of a certain kind of cement 04
brick is 0.343 with standard deviation of 0.010. Test the hypothesis that the
population mean is 0.340 at 5% level of significance.
(c) Fit a binomial distribution for the following data showing the survey of 800 07
families with 4 children and test the goodness of fit.
No. of boys 0 1 2 3 4
No. of girls 4 3 2 1 0
No. of families 32 178 290 238 64
OR
Q.4 (a) A random sample of size 15 from bivariate normal distribution gave a 03
correlation coefficient r=0.5. Is this indicate the existence of correlation in the
population?
(b) A tire company is suspicious to claim that the average lifetime of certain tires 04
is at least 28000 km. To check the claim, the company takes the sample of 40
tires and gets a mean life time of 27463 km with standard deviation of 1348
km. Test the hypothesis at 1% level of significance.
(c) Fit a Poisson distribution for the following data and test the goodness of fit. 07
x 0 1 2 3 4
f 112 73 30 4 1
Q.5 (a) In 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 if ∑ 𝑥 = 50, ∑ 𝑦 = 80, ∑ 𝑥𝑦 = 1030, ∑ 𝑥 2 = 750 and 𝑛 = 03
10, then find 𝑎 and 𝑏.
(b) Fit a curve 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑏𝑥 for the following data: 04
x 1 2 3 4
y 7 11 17 27
(c) State properties of the normal distribution. Suppose the marks of 800 students 07
are normally distributed with mean 66 and standard deviation 5. Find number
of students getting marks (i) between 65 and 70 (ii) greater than or equal to
72 (Given that P(0≤z≤0.20)=0.0793, that P(0≤z≤0.80)=0.2881 and that
P(0≤z≤1.2)=0.3849)
OR
Q.5 (a) A random variable x has the following probability distribution: 03
𝑥𝑖 0 1 2 3
𝑝𝑖 1/6 3/8 3/8 1/8
Find the standard deviation of x for the given distribution.
(b) With usual notations, find the value of p for a binomial random variable x 04
when n=6 and 9P(x=4)=P(x=2).
(c) Fit a parabola 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 for the following data: 07
x -1 0 1 2
y -2 1 2 4
*********

2
Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER–III (NEW) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2021
Subject Code:3130006 Date:06/09/2021
Subject Name:Probability and Statistics
Time:10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.
Marks
Q.1 (a) An MBA applies for a job in two firms X and Y. The probability of 03
his being selected in firm X is 0.7 and being rejected in Y is 0.5. The
probability of at least one of his applications being rejected is 0.6.
What is the probability that he will selected in one the firms?
(b) A study showed that 65% of managers had some business education 04
and 50% had some engineering education. Furthermore 20% the
managers had some business education but no engineering education.
What is the probability that a manager had some business education,
given that he has some engineering education?
(c) A manufacturing firm produces steel pipes in three plants with daily 07
production volume of 500, 1000, 2000 units respectively. According
to past experience it is know that the fractions of defective output
produced the three plants are respectively 0.05, 0.08, and 0.10. If a
pipe is selected from a day’s total production and found to be
defective. What is the probability that it came from the first plant?
Also find out from which plant the defective pipe comes.

Q.2 (a) The probability that an item produced by a machine will be defective 03
1
is 10. If 12 such items are produced, find the probability that (i) Exactly
one will be defective, (ii) at least two will be defective (iii) None of
the item is defective.
(b) A car hire firm has two cars, which it hires out day by day. The number 04
of demands for a car on each day is distributed as a Poisson
distribution with mean 𝜇 = 1.5. Calculate the proportion of days on
which neither car is used and proportion of days on which some
demand is refused. (𝑒 −1.5 = 0.2231)
(c) The average daily sales of 500 branch offices was Rs. 150 thousand
and the standard deviation Rs. 15 thousand. Assuming the distribution
to be normal indicate how many branches have sales between
a) Rs. 120 thousand and Rs. 145 thousand
b) Rs. 140 thousand and Rs. 165 thousand.
P(0<z<2)=0.4772, P(0<z<0.33)=0.1293, P(0<z<1)=0.2486
OR
(c) Accidents occur with a Poisson distribution at an average 2 per week. 07
Then
a) Obtain the probability of more than 3 accidents during a week.
b) What is the probability that at least two weeks will elapse
between accidents.
Q.3 (a) A fair die is thrown 300 times. Find the lower bound for the probability 03
of getting 30 to 60 sixes.

1
 (b) Find the quartile deviation and its coefficients. Also find inter quartile 04
range and coefficient of variations.
Marks < 35 35-37 38-40 41-43 > 43
Students 8 16 13 8 5
(c) The following data relate to the profits of 1,000 companies: 07
Profits Rs. 100- 120- 140- 160- 180- 200- 220-
in 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
thousands
No. of 17 53 199 194 327 208 02
companies
Calculate the coefficient of skewness.
OR
Q.3 (a) Following is the table showing number of visitors in 180 days to a zoo. 03
Obtain average number of visitors per day.
Marks 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60
Students 22 28 35 45 30 20
(b) Define moments about the assumed mean A. Obtain fist four moments 04
about arbitrary origin from the following table,
Scorers 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100
Players 8 11 18 09 04
(c) Find the mean, median and mode from the following table. 07
class 50- 53- 56- 59- 62- 65- 68- 71- 74-
53 56 59 62 65 68 71 74 77
frequency 3 8 14 30 36 28 16 10 3
Q.4 (a) Airscrew escape systems powered by a solid propellant. The burning 03
rate of this propellant is an important product characteristics.
Specifications require that the mean burning rate must be   50
centimeters per second and standard deviation of burning rate   2
centimeters per second. The experimenter choose   0.05 level of
significance and selects random sample of n  25 and obtain a sample
average of x  51.3 centimeters per second. What conclusions should
be drawn? ( z 0.025  1.96 )
(b) Psychological tests of intelligence and of engineering ability were 04
applied to 10 students as per the following data. Find the coefficient
of correlation.
Intelligence 105 104 102 101 100 99 98 96 93 92
ration
Engineering 101 103 100 98 95 96 104 92 97 94
ability
(c) The following table gives the aptitude test scores and productivity 07
indices of 10 workers selected at random
Aptitude 60 62 65 70 72 48 53 73 65 82
scores
Productivity 68 60 62 80 85 40 52 62 60 81
index
Estimate (i) the productivity index of a worker whose test score is 0.92
(ii) the test score of a worker whose productivity index is 0.75.
OR
Q.4 (a) You are working as a purchase manager for a company. The following 03
information has been supplied to you by two manufactures of electric
bulbs.
Company A Company B
Mean life in hours 1300 1248
Standard deviation 82 93
2
 Sample size 100 100
Which brand of bulbs are you going to purchase if you desire to take
a risk at 5%? ( 𝑍0.05 = ±1.96)
(b) An examination of eight applicants for a critical post was given by a 04
firm. From the marks obtained by the applicants in the Accountancy
and Statistics papers, compute rank coefficient correlations.
Marks in 15 20 28 12 40 60 20 80
accountancy
Marks in 40 30 50 30 20 10 30 60
statistics
(c) In partially destroyed laboratory record of an analysis of correlation 07
data, the following results are eligible.
 Variance of x,  x2  9
 Two line of regressions: 8x-10y+66=0, 40x-18y=214.
From the above obtain mean values of x and y, the standard deviation
of y and correlation coefficient.
Q.5 (a) 500 units from a factory are inspected and 12 are found to be defective, 03
800 units from another factory are inspected and 12 are found to be
defective. Can it be concluded at 5% level of significance that
production at second factory is better that in first factory. ( 𝑍0.05 =
±1.96)
(b) Two salesmen A and B are working in a certain district. From a sample 04
survey conducted by the head office, the following results were
obtained. Whether is there any significant difference in the average
sales between two salesmen’s?
A B
Number of sales 20 18
Average sales in Rs. 170 205
Standard deviation in Rs. 20 25
The critical value of t at 5% level of significance and 36 degree of
freedom is more than 36.
(c) A simply supported beam carries a concentrated load P(lb) at its mid- 07
point. Corresponding to various values of P the maximum deflection
y (in) is measured. The corresponding table is given below. Find the
low of the 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑃.
P 100 120 140 160 180 200
y 0.45 0.55 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.85
OR
Q.5 (a) A random sample of size 15 from a bivariate normal population gave 03
correlation coefficient r=0.5. Is this indicate the correlation in the
population? Choose   0.05 as level of significance,
 
t  2,13   2.160
(b) By the method of least square fit a curve of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑏 to the 04
following data.
x 2 3 4 5
y 27.8 62.1 110 161
(c) The number of defects in printed circuit board is hypothesized to 07
follow Poisson distribution. A random sample of n=60 printed board
has been collected and the following number of defects observed.
Number of defects 0 1 2 3
Observed frequency 32 15 09 04
Use chi-square distribution to test the claim that the number defects
follows the Poisson distribution.  20.05 ,1  3.84
******************
3
 Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE- SEMESTER–III (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2020
Subject Code:3130006 Date:09/03/2021
Subject Name:Probability and Statistics
Time:10:30 AM TO 12:30 PM Total Marks:56
Instructions:
1. Attempt any FOUR questions out of EIGHT questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Statistical Tables are required.

Q.1 (a) Find the mean, median and Mode for the following frequency distribution: 03
𝑥 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
𝑓 4 7 8 10 6 6 4 2 2 1
(b) An insurance company insured 2000 bike drivers, 4000 car drivers and 6000 04
truck drivers. The probability of an accident involving a bike driver, a car driver
and a truck driver is 0.10, 0.03 and 0.15 respectively. One of the insured persons
meets with an accident. What is the probability that he is a bike driver?
(c) ( i ) A manufacturer of external hard drives claims that only 10 % of his drives 03
require repairs within the warranty period of 12 months. If 5 of 20 of his
drives required repairs within the first year, does this tend to support or
refute the claim?
( ii ) The actual amount of instant coffee that a filling machine puts into 04
“4 −ounce” jars may be looked upon as a random variable having a normal
distribution with 𝜎 = 0.04 ounce. If only 2 % of the jars are to contain less
than 4 ounces, what should be the mean fill of these jars? Out of 10000
jars sold, how many are expected to contain more than 4.2 ounces?
Q.2 (a) If the probability that an individual suffers a bad reaction from a certain 03
injection is 0.001. Find the probability that out of 2000 individuals, ( i ) more
than 2 individuals; ( ii ) exactly 3 individuals will suffer a bad reaction.
(b) A stenographer claims that she can type at the rate of 120 words per minute. She 04
demonstrated, on the basis of 100 trials, an average speed of 116 words with a
standard deviation of 15 words. Does this enable us to reject the null hypothesis
𝜇 = 120 against the alternative hypothesis 𝜇 < 120 at the 0.05 level of
significance?
(c) ( i ) The time to check out and process payment information at an office 03
supplies Web site can be modeled as a random variable with mean 𝜇 = 63
seconds and variance 𝜎 2 = 81 seconds. What is the probability that a
random sample of size 36 has mean greater than 66.75?
( ii ) If two random variables 𝑋 and 𝑌 have the joint density 04
𝑘(𝑥 + 𝑦 2 ), 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥 < 1, 0 < 𝑦 < 1
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { ,
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
find 𝑘 and the mean of the conditional density 𝑓1 (𝑥 | 0.5) where 𝑓1 (𝑥) is
the marginal probability density of 𝑋.

Q.3 (a) If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are independent events with 𝑃(𝐴) = 0.26, and 𝑃(𝐵) = 0.45, find 03
(𝑎) 𝑃(𝐴⋂𝐵); ( 𝑏 ) 𝑃(𝐴⋂𝐵̅ ); ( 𝑐 ) 𝑃(𝐴̅⋂𝐵̅ ).
(b) Compute Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation between 𝑋 and 𝑌 for the 04
following data:
𝑋 100 98 78 85 110 93 80
𝑌 85 90 70 72 95 81 74
1
 (c) ( i ) The arithmetic means of runs scored by three batsmen A, B and C, in the 03
same series of 10 innings, are 50, 48 and 12 respectively. The standard
deviations of their runs are 15, 12 and 2 respectively. Who is the most
consistent of the three?
( ii ) Calculate the first four moments about the mean of the following data: 04
𝑥 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
𝑓 1 8 28 56 70 56 28 8 1

Q.4 (a) The following table gives the probabilities that a certain computer will 03
malfunction 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 times on any one day:
Number of 𝑥∶ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
malfunctions
Probability 𝑓(𝑥) ∶ 0.17 0.29 0.27 0.16 0.07 0.03 0.01
Find the mean and variance of this probability distribution.
(b) The coefficient of rank correlation of marks obtained by 10 students in English 04
and Economics was found to be 0.6. It was later discovered that the difference in
ranks in the two subjects obtained by one of the students was wrongly taken as 7
instead of 1. Find the correct coefficient of rank correlation.
(c) ( i ) Find out mean deviation about median for the following series: 03
Size 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Freq. 2 1 3 6 4 3 1
( ii ) Find Karl Pearson’s coefficient of skewness for the following data: 04
𝑥 0 − 10 10 − 20 20 − 30 30 − 40 40 − 50
𝑓 13 20 30 25 12
Q.5 (a) The life in hours of a certain kind of radio tube has the probability density 03
100⁄ , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 100
𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝑥2 ,
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
find the distribution function and use it to determine the probability that the life
of tube is more than 150 hrs.
(b) The number of flaws in a fiber optic cable follows a Poisson process with an 04
average of 0.6 per 100 feet.
( i ) Find the probability of exactly 2 flaws in a 200 foot cable.
( ii ) Find the probability of exactly 1 flaw in the first 100 feet and exactly 1
flaw in the second 100 feet.
(c) The population (𝑝) of a small community on the outskirts of a city grows rapidly 07
over a 20 −year period:
𝑡 0 5 10 15 20
𝑝 100 200 450 950 2000
As an engineer working for a utility company, you must forecast the population
5 years into the future in order to anticipate the demand for power. Employ an
exponential model and linear regression to make this prediction.

Q.6 (a) The joint probability density of two random variables is given by 03
6𝑒 −2𝑥1 −3𝑥2 , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥1 > 0, 𝑥2 > 0
𝑓(𝑥1 , 𝑥2 ) = { .
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
Find the marginal densities of both the random variables and hence show that the
two random variables are independent.
(b) The probability that an electronic component will fail in less than 1000 hours of 04
continuous use is 0.25. Use the normal approximation to find the probability that
among 200 such components fewer than 45 will fail in less than 1000 hours of
continuous use.
(c) Fit a parabola 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥 2 to the following data: 07

2
 𝑥 1 2 3 5 6
𝑦 1.1 5.8 17.5 55.9 86.7
Q.7 (a) In a study of automobile collision insurance costs, a random sample of 80 body 03
repair costs for a particular kind of damage had a mean of 33065 𝑅𝑠. and a
standard deviation of 4364 𝑅𝑠. If 𝑥̅ = 33065 𝑅𝑠. is used as a point estimate of
the true average repair cost of this kind of damage, with what confidence can one
assert that the error does not exceed 700 𝑅𝑠. ?
(b) In a certain city, the daily consumption of electric power (in millions of kilowatt- 04
hours) can be treated as a random variable having a gamma distribution with 𝛼 =
2 and 𝛽 = 3. If the power plant of this city has a daily capacity of 12 million
kilowatt-hours, what is the probability that this power supply will be inadequate
on any given day? Also, find the mean of this probability density.
(c) ( i ) Ten bearings made by a certain process have a mean diameter of 0.506 𝑐𝑚 03
and a standard deviation of 0.004 𝑐𝑚. Assuming that the data may be
looked upon as a random variable from a normal population, construct a
95 % confidence interval for the actual average diameter of bearings made
by this process.
( ii ) A consumer protection agency wants to test a paint manufacturer’s claim 04
that the average drying time of his new paint is 20 minutes. It instructs a
member of its research staff to paint each of 36 boards using a different
1 −gallon can of the paint, with the intention of rejecting the claim if the
mean of the drying times exceeds 20.75 minutes. Otherwise, it will accept
the claim. Find the probability of a Type I error. Also, find the probability
of a Type II error when 𝜇 = 21 minutes. Assume that 𝜎 = 2.4 minutes.

Q.8 (a) The dean of a college wants to use the mean of a random sample to estimate the 03
average amount of time students take to get from one class to the next, and she
wants to be able to assert with 99 % confidence that the error is at most 0.25
minute. If it can be presumed from experience that 𝜎 = 1.40 minutes, how large
a sample will she have to take?
(b) How exponential distribution is useful in real applications? Find the mean and 04
variance of the exponential distribution
1 −𝑥⁄𝛽
𝑒 , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 > 0, 𝛽 > 0
𝑓(𝑥) = { 𝛽 .
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
(c) A random sample from a company’s very extensive files shows that orders for a 07
certain piece of machinery were filled, respectively, in 10, 12, 19, 14, 15, 18, 11
and 13 days. Use the level of significance 𝛼 = 0.01 to test the claim that on
average such orders are filled in 10.5 days. Choose the alternative hypothesis so
that rejection of the null hypothesis 𝜇 = 10.5 implies that it takes longer than
indicated. Assume normality.

*************

3
 Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER– III EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2020
Subject Code: 3130006 Date:28/10/2020
Subject Name: PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
Time: 02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Statistical Tables are required.

Q.1 (a) An insurance company obtained the following data for accident claims (in 03
thousand rupees) from a particular region. Find its mean, median and Mode.
Amount 1−3 3−5 5−7 7−9 9 − 11 11 − 13
Frequency 6 47 75 46 18 8
(b) A market survey was conducted in four cities to find out the preference for brand 04
𝐴 soap. The responses are shown below:
Delhi Kolkata Chennai Mumbai
Yes 45 55 60 50
No 35 45 35 45
No opinion 5 5 5 5
( a ) What is the probability that a consumer preferred brand 𝐴, given that he
was from Chennai?
( b ) Given that a consumer preferred brand 𝐴, what is the probability that he
was from Mumbai?
(c) ( i ) The number of monthly breakdowns of a computer is a random variable 03
having Poisson distribution with mean 1.8. Find the probability that the
computer will function for a month ( a ) without a breakdown ( b ) with at
least one breakdown.
( ii ) Assume that 5 % of the apples weigh less than 150 𝑔𝑚 and 20 % of the 04
apples weigh more than 225 𝑔𝑚. If the distribution of the weight of the
apples is normal, find the mean and standard deviation of the distribution.
Q.2 (a) The probability that one of the ten telephone lines is busy at an instant is 0.2. 03
( a ) What is the probability that 5 of the lines are busy?
( b ) What is the probability that all the lines are busy?
(b) An auto company claims that the mean petrol consumption of its new six cylinder 04
car is 9.5 km per liter which is lower than the existing auto engine. It was found
that the mean petrol consumption of a sample of 50 of these cars was 10 km per
liter with a standard deviation of 3.5 km per liter. Test the claim at 5 % level of
significance.
(c) ( i ) The life of batteries manufactured by a battery manufacturer can be 03
modelled as a random variable having approximately a normal distribution
with 𝜇 = 50 months and 𝜎 = 6 months. Find the probability that the mean
of a random sample of 36 such batteries will be less than 48 months.
( ii ) If two random variables 𝑋 and 𝑌 have the joint density 04
𝑘(𝑥 2 + 𝑦), 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥 < 1, 0 < 𝑦 < 1
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = { ,
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
find 𝑘 and the mean of the conditional density 𝑓1 (𝑥 | 0.5) where 𝑓1 (𝑥) is
the marginal probability density of 𝑋.
OR
(c) ( i ) A process for making certain bearings is under control if the diameters of 03

1
 the bearings have a mean of 0.5000 cm. What can we say about this
process if a sample of 10 of these bearings has a mean diameter of 0.5060
cm and a standard deviation of 0.0040 cm?
( ii ) Three balanced coins are tossed. Let 𝑋 denote the number of heads on the 04
first two coins and 𝑌 denote the number of tails on the last two coins. Find
the joint distribution of 𝑋 and 𝑌.
Q.3 (a) Show that 𝐴 and 𝐵 are independent events if 𝑃(𝐴) = 0.25, 𝑃(𝐵) = 0.40, and 03
𝑃(𝐴⋃𝐵) = 0.50.
(b) Given that 𝑛 = 25, ∑ 𝑋 = 125, ∑ 𝑋 2 = 650, ∑ 𝑌 = 100, ∑ 𝑌 2 = 460 and 04
∑ 𝑋𝑌 = 508. Later on it was found that two of the points (8, 12) and (6, 8) were
wrongly entered as (6, 14) and (8, 6). Prove that 𝑟 = 2⁄3.
(c) ( i ) The runs scored by two batsmen 𝐴 and 𝐵 in 10 matches are given in the 03
following table:
𝐴 14 13 26 53 17 29 79 36 84 49
𝐵 37 22 56 52 14 10 37 48 20 4
Who is more consistent?
( ii ) Calculate the first four moments about the mean of the following data: 04
𝑥 5 10 15 20 25
𝑓 6 10 14 6 4
OR
Q.3 (a) The number of page requests that arrive at a Web server is a Poisson random 03
variable. Its probability distribution is as follows:
Number of 𝑥 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
requests/sec.
Probability 𝑓(𝑥) 0.368 0.368 0.184 0.061 0.015 0.003 0.001
Find the mean and variance of this probability distribution.
(b) From the following data of the marks obtained by 8 students in Computer 04
Networking (CN) and Complier Design (CD) papers, compute rank coefficient
of correlation.
CN 15 20 28 12 40 60 20 80
CD 40 30 50 30 20 10 30 60
(c) ( i ) Find out mean deviation about median for the following series: 03
Size 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Freq. 1 2 4 5 4 3 1
( ii ) Find the coefficient of skewness based on the Method of Moments for the 04
following data:
Class 0 − 10 10 − 20 20 − 30 30 − 40 40 − 50
𝑓 13 20 30 25 12
Q.4 (a) In a certain district, the proportion of highway sections requiring repairs in any 03
given year is a random variable having the probability density
12 𝑥 2 (1 − 𝑥) , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥 < 1
𝑓(𝑥) = { .
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
Find the distribution function and use it to determine the probability that at least
half of the highways sections will require repairs in any given year.
(b) At a checkout counter customers arrive at an average of 1.5 per minute. Find the 04
probabilities that ( i ) at most 4 will arrive in any given minute; ( ii ) one
customer will arrive in the first one minute and two customers will arrive in
the next one minute.
(c) Fit a parabola 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥 2 to the following data: 07
𝑥 0 1 2 3 4
𝑦 1 4 10 17 30
OR
Q.4 (a) The joint probability density of two random variables 𝑋1 and 𝑋2 is given by 03
2
 1
(𝑥 ),
𝑓(𝑥1 , 𝑥2 ) = {5 1 + 2𝑥2 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥1 < 1, 0 < 𝑥2 < 2.
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
Find the marginal densities of both the random variables and check whether the
two random variables are independent.
(b) A safety engineer feels that 30 % of all industrial accidents in her plant are caused 04
by failure of employees to follow instructions. If this figure is correct, find
approximately, the probability that among 84 industrialized accidents in this
plant anywhere from 20 to 30 (inclusive) will be due to failure of employees to
follow instructions.
(c) The following show the gain in reading speed of 3 students in a speed-reading 07
program, and the number of weeks they have been in the program:
No. of weeks 3 5 2 8 6 9 3 4
Speed gain 86 118 49 193 164 232 73 109
Fit a straight line by the method of least squares.
Q.5 (a) Suppose that the time it takes to get service in a restaurant follows a gamma 03
distribution with mean 8 minutes and variance 32 minutes. Suppose that you
went to this restaurant at 6: 30 p.m. What is the probability that you will receive
service before 6: 36 p.m.?
(b) If 57 out of 150 patients suffering from certain disease are cured by allopathy 04
and 33 out of 100 patients with the same disease are cured by homeopathy, is
there reason to believe that allopathy is better than homeopathy at 0.05 level of
significance?
(c) ( i ) If two independent random samples of size 𝑛1 = 7 and 𝑛2 = 13 are taken 03
from a normal population, what is the probability that the variance of the
first sample will be at least three times as large as that of the second
sample?
( ii ) A courier service advertises that its average delivery time is less than 5 04
hours for local deliveries. A random sample of 10 for the amount of time
this courier service takes to deliver packages to an addressee across town
produced the following times: 8, 3, 4, 7, 10, 5, 6, 4, 5, 8. Is this evidence
support the claim of the courier service at 5 % level of significance?
OR
Q.5 (a) A power supply unit for a computer component is assumed to follow an 03
exponential distribution with a mean life of 1200 hours. What is the probability
that the component will survive more than 1500 hours?
(b) Twenty people were attacked by a disease and only 18 survived. Will you reject 04
the hypothesis that the survival rate if attacked by this disease is 85 % in favour
of the hypothesis that it is more at 5 % level.
(c) ( i ) The mean life of a random sample of 10 light bulbs was found to be 1456 03
hours with a standard deviation of 423 hours. A second sample of 17
bulbs chosen at random from a different batch showed a mean life of 1280
hours with a standard deviation of 398 hours. Is the difference between
the mean life of the two batches significant at 5 % level of significance?
( ii ) The manager of a theatre complex with four theaters wanted to see 04
whether there was difference in popularity of the four movies currently
showing for Saturday afternoon with the following results: 86, 77, 84, 81
custormers viewed movies 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. Complete the test to
see whether there is a difference at the 5 % level of significance.

*************

3
 Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE - SEMESTER– III (New) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2019
Subject Code: 3130006 Date: 26/11/2019
Subject Name: Probability and Statistics
Time: 02:30 PM TO 05:00 PM Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

Q.1 (a) In how many different ways can 4 of 15 laboratory assistants be chosen to assist with an 03
experiment?
(b) If 5 of 20 tires in storage are defective and 5 of them are randomly chosen for inspection 04
(that is, each tire has the same chance of being selected), what is the probability that the
two of the defective tires will be included?
(c) The following are the data on the drying time of a certain varnish and the amount of an 07
additive that is intended to reduce the drying time?
Amount of varnish
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
additive(grams)”x”
Drying time(hr) “y” 12.0 10.5 10.0 8.0 7.0 8.0 7.5 8.5 9.0
(i) Fit a second degree polynomial by the method of least square.
(ii) Use the result of (i) to predict the drying time of the varnish when 6.5 gms of the
additive is being used.
Q.2 (a) If 3 balls are “randomly drawn” from a bowl containing 6 white and 5 black balls. What 03
is the probability that one of the balls is white and the other two black?
(b) The article “A Thin-Film Oxygen Uptake Test for the Evaluation of Automotive 04
Crankcase Lubricants” reported the following data on oxidation-induction time (min) for
various commercial oils:
87, 103, 130, 160, 180, 195, 132, 145, 211, 105, 145, 153, 152, 138, 87, 99, 93, 119,
129
(i) Calculate the sample variance and standard deviation.
(ii) If the observations were re-expressed in hours, what would be the resulting values of
the sample variance and sample standard deviation?
(c) In an examination, minimum 40 marks for passing and 75 marks for distinction are 07
required. In this examination 45% students passed and 9% obtained distinction. Find
average marks and standard deviation of this distribution of marks.
[P(z=0.125)=0.05 and P(z=1.34)=0.41]
OR
(c) Distribution of height of 1000 students is normal with mean 165 cms and standard 07
deviation 15 cms. How many soldiers are of height
(i) less than 138 cms (ii) more than 198 cms (iii) between 138 and 198 cms.
[P(z=1.8)=0.4641, P(z=2.2)=0.4861]
Q.3 (a) Compute the coefficient of correlation between X and Y using the following data: 03
X 2 4 5 6 8 11
Y 18 12 10 8 7 5

(b) An analysis of monthly wages paid to workers in two firms A and B belong to the same 04
industry gave the following results.
1
 Firm A Firm B
No. of wages earners 986 548
Average monthly wages Rs. 52.5 Rs. 47.5
Variance of distribution of wages 100 121
(a) Which firm pays out large amounts as wage bill?
(b) In which firm there is greater variability in individual wages?
(c) Obtain the two lines of regression for the following data: 07
Sales
190 240 250 300 310 335 300
(No. of tablets)
Advertising
5 10 15 20 20 30 30
expenditure (Rs.)

OR
Q.3 (a) A sample of 20 items has mean 42 units and standard deviation 5 units. Test the hypothesis 03
that it is a random sample from a normal population with mean 45 units.[t at 5% level for
19 d.f. is 2.09.]
(b) A university warehouse has received a shipment of 25 printers, of which 10 are laser 04
printers and 15 are inkjet models. If 6 of these 25 are selected at random to be checked by
a particular technician, what is the probability that exactly 3 of those selected are laser
printers (so that the other 3 are inkjets)?
(c) Find the regression equation showing the capacity utilization on production from the 07
following data:
Average Standard deviation
Production (in lakh units) 35.6 10.5
Capacity utilization (in %) 84.8 8.5
Correlation coefficient r = 0.62
Estimate the production when capacity utilization is 70%.
Q.4 (a) Each sample of water has a 10% chance of containing a particular organic pollutant. 03
Assume that the samples are independent with regard to the presence of the pollutant.
Find the probability that in the next 18 samples, at least 4 samples contain the pollutant.
(b) Goal scored by two teams A and B in a football season were as follows: 04

No. of goals scored in a match 0 1 2 3 4

No. of matches played by team A 27 9 8 5 4
No. of matches played by team B 17 9 6 5 3
Find out which team is more consistent.
(c) Out of 800 families with 4 children each, how many families would be expected to have 07
(i) 2 girls and 2 boys (ii) at least one boy (iii) no girl (iv) at most two girls? Assume equal
probabilities for boys and girls.
OR
Q.4 (a) Assume that the probability that a wafer contains a large particle of contamination is 0.01 03
and that the wafers are independent; that is, the probability that a wafer contains a large
particle is not dependent on the characteristics of any of the other wafers. If 15 wafers are
analyzed, what is the probability that no large particles are found?

2
 (b) A microchip company has two machines that produce the chips. Machine I produces 65% 04
of the chips, but 5% of its chips are defective. Machine II produces 35% of the chips and
15% of its chips are defective. A chip is selected at random and found to be defective.
What is the probability that it came from Machine I?
(c) If a publisher of nontechnical books takes great pains to ensure that its books are free of 07
typographical errors, so that the probability of any given page containing at least one such
error is .005 and errors are independent from page to page, what is the probability that
one of its 400-page novels will contain (i) exactly one page with errors? (ii)At most three
pages with errors?
Q.5 (a) Samples of sizes 10 and 14 were taken from two normal populations with standard 03
deviation 3.5 and 5.2. The sample means were found to be 20.3 and 18.6. Test whether
the means of the two populations are the same at 5% level. [ t 0.05 =2.0739].
(b) Two independent samples of 8 and 7 items respectively had the following values of the 04
variable (weight in kg):
Sample I : 9 11 13 11 15 9 12 14
Sample II: 10 12 10 14 9 8 10
Do the two estimates of population variance differ significantly? Given that for (7,6) d.f.
the value of F at 5% level of significance is 4.20 nearly.
(c) Records taken of the number of male and female births in 830 families having four 07
children are as follows:
Number of male births 0 1 2 3 4
Number of female births 4 3 2 1 0
Number of families 32 178 290 236 94
Test whether the data are consistent with the hypothesis that the Binomial law holds and
the chance of male birth is equal to that of female birth, namely p = q = 1/2. [ χ 2 at 5%
level of significance for 4 df is 9.49]
OR
Q.5 (a) Two samples of size 9 and 8 give the sum of squares of deviations from their respective 03
means equal 160 inches and 91 inches square respectively. Can they be regarded as drawn
from two normal populations with the same variance?
(F for 8 and 7 d.f. = 3.73).
(b) A die is thrown 276 times and the results of these throws are given below: 04
Number appeared on the die 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency 40 32 29 59 57 59
2
Test whether the die is biased or not. [ χ at 5% level of significance for 5 df is 11.09]
(c) The following figures refer to observations in live independent samples: 07
Sample I: 25 30 28 34 24 20 13 32 22 38
Sample II: 40 34 22 20 31 40 30 23 36 17
Analyse whether the samples have been drawn from the population of equal means.
[t at 5% level of significance for 18 d.f is 2.1] Test whether the means of two population
are same at 5% level (t at 0.05=2.0739)

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