Mud Dams and Drilling Fluid Formulas
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AND BASIC FORMULAS FOR THE
PREPARATION OF A FLUID
DRILLING
HYDRAULICS AND WELL CONTROL
FIRST FISH
(Settlement)
In it, the well is discharged; this is where the trembling device is installed.
to eliminate the larger cuts (40 microns).
It must include a compact atmospheric degasser that meets the
API SPEC Q1/ ISO-TS 29001 standard, the degasser must discharge
to the atmosphere at a height of 6 meters above ground level.
It must have a button station for the AC electric motor.
it will be explosion-proof.
The suction pipe.
Download and nozzle sprayers according to the manufacturer's design.
the centrifugal pump required to supply the liquid to
The degasifier will handle 1100 GPM (250 m³/hr).
It should have a compartment for a sand separator.
Compartiment of the solid separator.
Reserved compartment.
a sand trap area
A sludge agitator.
SECOND PRESS (Mixed)
This is where the sludge is treated and the equipment is installed.
solid control to eliminate the smaller solids
size.
It will include a backup compartment.
Mixing compartments with their respective funnels.
Reagent tank for drilling fluids with
capacity of one (1) cubic meter and three (3) agitators of
mud
Third grip (Suction)
It is called that because the mud pump
suck the mud to send it to the well.
Must include a reserve compartment.
This "Reservoir Dam" is used to store sludge,
when there has been a loss of circulation and for
maintain high or low density mud.
Two suction compartments.
Compartment for fifty barrel potholes.
Three sludge agitators.
DAM SYSTEM
The valves.
Piping in general (interconnection between dams with their valves
of control and surge connections for quick disconnection).
Stairs.
Interconnection corridors of dams.
Access for cleaning (70x80 cm records; screwed and
"hermetically sealed and graduated scale"
of measurement in cubic meters.
The sludge agitators must be 20 HP with a reducer.
speed coupled to explosion-proof motor, high
efficiency, Class I division 1, 60 Hz. 3 phases, service factor 1.15,
440/220 volts, includes arrow and impeller according to design of
manufacturer, for drilling mud agitation with a
density of up to 2.25 g/cm³ considering a maximum value of
40% by volume of suspended solids
They must be installed on top of the dam floors and the
the propellers must ensure optimal stirring or
mud mix.
Location of the
dams
When the drilling point is selected, the
drilling area. It is important that the location meets
certain conditions regarding its dimension and compaction.
Dimensions: The required measurements are: 120 meters long and 60
meters wide, as shown in the following figure.
Dimensions: The measurements required in the area of
The equipment installation measures 120 meters long and 60 meters.
in width, as shown in the following figure.
The dams must be placed 12 meters from the center of the well.
towards the waste dam, the dam is placed
settlement and align the center of the box of the
vibrators with the well.
The drilling mud
Common sludge proportions:
Water Base Base Oil
The main factors that determine selection
Drilling fluids are:
Types of formations to be drilled
Temperature range, efforts,
permeability and pressures exhibited by the
formations
Evaluation procedure of
used formations
Water quality available
Ecological and environmental considerations
CONCENTRATION TO PREPARE A
BENTONITE BASE-DRILLING MUD.
70 Kg (Bentonite) / m^3 (water). (at 7%).
Viscosity of 42 to 48 s.
Density of 1.079 gr/cm more or less.
If viscosity above 42 seconds is not obtained, it is
it is necessary to increase the clay concentration,
due to its poor quality.
AMOUNT OF BARITE TO DENSIFY IT
DRILLING FLUID.
−
= x Vx1000
1−
Where:
Pa = Weight of aggregate material, in Kg.
Df =Densidad final, en gr/cm3.
Do=Original density, in g/cm3.
Da = Density of the densifying material (barite), in
gram per centimeter3.
V = Volume of the drilling fluid, in m3.
Increase the density of 1.079 x 1.28
having in the circulation system 220.0 m3
of mud. (Density of barite at 4.16
gram per centimeter3).
1.28 − 1.079
= x220x1000
1.079
1-
4.16
Pa= 59706 kg
Pa = (59706 kg.) / (50 kg.) 1195 bags
Calculate the volume generated when
add Barita
( )
=
(ρ)
59706000 gr 3
= = 829350cm
4.16 g/cm3
Vg = 829.35 lts
AMOUNT OF WATER OR OIL FOR
DECREASE THE DENSITY.
−
=
−
Where:
Va = Volume of water or oil, in m3.
Df = Densidad a la que se desea disminuir, en gr/cm3.
Di = Density of the fluid, in g/cm3.
Da = Density of water or oil, in g/cm3.
V = Volume of the fluid that you wish to decrease
density, in m3.
Calculate the volume of water
required to decrease the density
from the previous sludge to 1.22 gr/cm3.
Density of freshwater 1.0 g/cm3).
1.28 − 1.22
= x220
1.22 − 1.0
Va = 60 m3.
Bibliography
PEMEX. (n.d.). Technical Annex 3. Manual for the
Planning and Monitoring of Maintenance
teams.
PEMEX. (n.d.). Technical Manual: Formulas and Tables
for drilling and maintenance work of
wells