Excellent 👏 You’re really preparing well!

Below is a complete 2026 JAMB Biology Practice Set (based on WAEC & JAMB syllabus — topics like
Variety of Organisms, Cells, Evolution, and Reproduction).

✅ 40 Likely Questions

✅ With Correct Answers & Short Explanations

✅ Covers Key JAMB 2026 Areas

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🧬 BIOLOGY 2026 PRACTICE QUESTIONS (LIKELY JAMB QUESTIONS)

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SECTION A: Variety of Organisms

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1. Which of the following is a characteristic of living things?

A. Movement only

B. Growth only
C. Reproduction only

D. All of the above

✅ Answer: D. All of the above

Explanation: Living things show all characteristics — movement, respiration, growth, excretion,
reproduction, etc.

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2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of living organisms?

A. Irritability

B. Respiration

C. Decay

D. Reproduction

✅ Answer: C. Decay

Explanation: Decay occurs after death; it’s not a sign of life.

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3. The basic unit of life is the —

A. Organ
B. Cell

C. Tissue

D. Organism

✅ Answer: B. Cell

Explanation: All living organisms are made of cells which carry out life processes.

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4. Which organelle controls all cell activities?

A. Ribosome

B. Cytoplasm

C. Nucleus

D. Mitochondrion

✅ Answer: C. Nucleus

Explanation: The nucleus contains DNA and regulates all cell activities.

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5. Which of the following structures is present in a plant cell but absent in an animal cell?
A. Mitochondrion

B. Nucleus

C. Cell wall

D. Cytoplasm

✅ Answer: C. Cell wall

Explanation: Cell wall provides strength and shape to plant cells only.

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6. The function of the cell membrane is —

A. Support

B. Transport control

C. Photosynthesis

D. Protein synthesis

✅ Answer: B. Transport control

Explanation: The membrane controls movement of substances in and out of the cell.

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7. In the five-kingdom classification, bacteria belong to —

A. Protista

B. Monera

C. Fungi

D. Plantae

✅ Answer: B. Monera

Explanation: Bacteria are prokaryotes — organisms without a true nucleus.

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8. Amoeba and Paramecium are examples of —

A. Fungi

B. Protista

C. Plantae

D. Animalia

✅ Answer: B. Protista

Explanation: They are single-celled eukaryotes found in the kingdom Protista.

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9. Which of the following belongs to the fungi kingdom?

A. Spirogyra

B. Bacteria

C. Rhizopus

D. Euglena

✅ Answer: C. Rhizopus

Explanation: Rhizopus (bread mould) is a fungus.

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10. The main difference between fungi and plants is that fungi —

A. reproduce by spores

B. lack chlorophyll

C. have cell walls

D. are multicellular

✅ Answer: B. lack chlorophyll

Explanation: Fungi cannot photosynthesize because they lack chlorophyll.

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11. The simplest group of living organisms are —

A. Protists

B. Monerans

C. Fungi

D. Algae

✅ Answer: B. Monerans

Explanation: Monerans (bacteria, blue-green algae) are the simplest organisms.

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12. Which of the following is a multicellular plant?

A. Amoeba

B. Spirogyra

C. Chlamydomonas

D. Euglena

✅ Answer: B. Spirogyra

Explanation: Spirogyra is a filamentous green alga made up of many cells.

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13. The organism that shows both plant and animal characteristics is —

A. Amoeba

B. Euglena

C. Paramecium

D. Chlamydomonas

✅ Answer: B. Euglena

Explanation: Euglena has chloroplasts (plant) and flagellum (animal) — it is a mixotroph.

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14. Fungi obtain their food through —

A. Photosynthesis

B. Absorption

C. Digestion inside the body

D. Hunting

✅ Answer: B. Absorption

Explanation: Fungi are saprophytic; they absorb nutrients from decaying matter.
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15. The kingdom containing non-green, non-photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms is —

A. Plantae

B. Fungi

C. Animalia

D. Protista

✅ Answer: B. Fungi

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16. The phylum that includes flatworms is —

A. Coelenterata

B. Platyhelminthes

C. Nematoda

D. Annelida

✅ Answer: B. Platyhelminthes

Explanation: Flatworms (e.g. tapeworm) belong to Platyhelminthes.

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17. Earthworm belongs to the phylum —

A. Annelida

B. Arthropoda

C. Mollusca

D. Nematoda

✅ Answer: A. Annelida

Explanation: Annelids are segmented worms.

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18. Insects such as houseflies and bees belong to the phylum —

A. Arthropoda

B. Mollusca

C. Annelida

D. Echinodermata

✅ Answer: A. Arthropoda

Explanation: Arthropods have jointed limbs and exoskeletons.

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19. Which of these animals undergoes metamorphosis?

A. Lizard

B. Frog

C. Dog

D. Snake

✅ Answer: B. Frog

Explanation: Frogs change from tadpole (aquatic) to adult (land) — metamorphosis.

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20. Which of these is a mammal?

A. Lizard

B. Frog

C. Whale

D. Crocodile

✅ Answer: C. Whale
Explanation: Whales are aquatic mammals — warm-blooded and give birth to young ones.

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SECTION B: Evolution and Reproduction

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21. Evolution means —

A. sudden change in organisms

B. gradual development of organisms from simple to complex forms

C. creation of organisms by God

D. variation in organisms only

✅ Answer: B. gradual development from simple to complex forms

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22. The scientist who proposed the theory of natural selection is —

A. Lamarck
B. Darwin

C. Mendel

D. Linnaeus

✅ Answer: B. Darwin

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23. The main evidence for evolution is found in —

A. Blood group

B. Fossil records

C. Modern medicine

D. Religion

✅ Answer: B. Fossil records

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24. Lamarck’s theory of evolution is based on —

A. natural selection

B. use and disuse of organs

C. genetic mutation

D. survival of the fittest

✅ Answer: B. use and disuse of organs

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25. Which structure is evidence of common ancestry?

A. Analogous structure

B. Homologous structure

C. Vestigial structure

D. Modified organ

✅ Answer: B. Homologous structure

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26. The gradual development of lungs in fishes to live on land is known as —

A. metamorphosis

B. adaptation

C. evolution
D. mutation

✅ Answer: C. evolution

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27. Reproduction is important because it —

A. provides food

B. ensures continuity of species

C. helps growth

D. prevents diseases

✅ Answer: B. ensures continuity of species

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28. The male reproductive organ that stores sperm temporarily is —

A. Vas deferens

B. Urethra

C. Epididymis

D. Prostate gland
✅ Answer: C. Epididymis

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29. In females, fertilization occurs in the —

A. uterus

B. fallopian tube

C. cervix

D. ovary

✅ Answer: B. fallopian tube

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30. Which hormone is secreted by the testis?

A. Progesterone

B. Testosterone

C. Estrogen

D. Oxytocin
✅ Answer: B. Testosterone

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31. Which part of the sperm cell contains enzymes for breaking egg membrane?

A. Tail

B. Middle piece

C. Head

D. Acrosome

✅ Answer: D. Acrosome

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32. The menstrual cycle lasts for about —

A. 7 days

B. 14 days

C. 21 days

D. 28 days

✅ Answer: D. 28 days
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33. Which of the following is a temporary birth control method?

A. Vasectomy

B. Condom

C. Tubal ligation

D. Castration

✅ Answer: B. Condom

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34. The fusion of male and female gametes is known as —

A. Implantation

B. Fertilization

C. Ovulation

D. Copulation

✅ Answer: B. Fertilization
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35. Identical twins are formed from —

A. two sperm and two ova

B. one zygote that divides into two

C. two separate ova and one sperm

D. different sperms

✅ Answer: B. one zygote that divides into two

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36. The organ that connects the foetus to the mother is the —

A. Uterus

B. Placenta

C. Ovary

D. Cervix

✅ Answer: B. Placenta
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37. The amniotic fluid functions mainly to —

A. nourish the embryo

B. cushion the embryo

C. provide oxygen

D. remove wastes

✅ Answer: B. cushion the embryo

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38. Which of the following hormones initiates milk production in mothers?

A. Estrogen

B. Progesterone

C. Prolactin

D. LH

✅ Answer: C. Prolactin

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39. Which of these is not an STI?

A. Gonorrhoea

B. Syphilis

C. Malaria

D. HIV/AIDS

✅ Answer: C. Malaria

40. Which of these organisms is an example of a coelenterate?

A. Hydra

B. Earthworm

C. Planaria

D. Cockroach

✅ Answer: A. Hydra

Explanation: Hydra belongs to the phylum Coelenterata (Cnidaria).

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41. The body of a typical fungus consists of thread-like structures called —

A. Rhizoids

B. Hyphae

C. Sporangia

D. Mycelia
✅ Answer: B. Hyphae

Explanation: Hyphae are the fine filaments that make up the body of a fungus.

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42. Which group of organisms can live in extreme environments like hot springs and salty lakes?

A. Bacteria

B. Archaea

C. Protists

D. Fungi

✅ Answer: B. Archaea

Explanation: Archaea are ancient prokaryotes adapted to harsh conditions.

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43. The green pigment in plants that traps sunlight energy is —

A. Xanthophyll

B. Carotene

C. Chlorophyll
D. Hemoglobin

✅ Answer: C. Chlorophyll

Explanation: Chlorophyll in chloroplasts captures solar energy for photosynthesis.

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44. Which of the following pairs are unicellular organisms?

A. Amoeba and Paramecium

B. Spirogyra and Euglena

C. Mushroom and Bacteria

D. Hydra and Amoeba

✅ Answer: A. Amoeba and Paramecium

Explanation: Both are single-celled protists.

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45. The cell organelle responsible for energy production is the —

A. Ribosome

B. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondrion

D. Nucleus

✅ Answer: C. Mitochondrion

Explanation: Mitochondria are the "powerhouses" of the cell, producing ATP.

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46. Which of the following is a colonial organism?

A. Hydra

B. Volvox

C. Amoeba

D. Paramecium

✅ Answer: B. Volvox

Explanation: Volvox lives in colonies of identical cells.

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47. The cell wall of fungi is made of —

A. Cellulose
B. Protein

C. Chitin

D. Starch

✅ Answer: C. Chitin

Explanation: Unlike plants, fungi have chitin cell walls.

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48. Which of these is not a protozoan?

A. Amoeba

B. Paramecium

C. Rhizopus

D. Euglena

✅ Answer: C. Rhizopus

Explanation: Rhizopus is a fungus, not a protozoan.

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49. Which phylum contains animals with radial symmetry and tentacles?
A. Coelenterata

B. Annelida

C. Arthropoda

D. Mollusca

✅ Answer: A. Coelenterata

Explanation: Coelenterates (e.g. Hydra) have radial symmetry and tentacles.

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50. Which of these has an exoskeleton?

A. Earthworm

B. Snail

C. Cockroach

D. Frog

✅ Answer: C. Cockroach

Explanation: Arthropods like cockroaches have chitinous exoskeletons.

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51. Molluscs like snails and slugs are characterized by —

A. Jointed limbs

B. Soft bodies

C. Segmented bodies

D. Tentacles

✅ Answer: B. Soft bodies

Explanation: “Mollusca” means soft-bodied animals, often with shells.

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52. The body of an earthworm is divided into —

A. Rings

B. Plates

C. Segments

D. Chambers

✅ Answer: C. Segments

Explanation: Earthworms are annelids — segmented worms.

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53. The simplest animals that show tissue level of organization are —

A. Sponges

B. Hydra

C. Jellyfish

D. Flatworms

✅ Answer: B. Hydra

Explanation: Hydra (coelenterate) shows true tissues but no organs.

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54. Animals with backbones are called —

A. Invertebrates

B. Vertebrates

C. Arthropods

D. Molluscs

✅ Answer: B. Vertebrates

Explanation: Vertebrates possess a vertebral column (backbone).

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55. Which group of animals has moist skin for respiration?

A. Fishes

B. Amphibians

C. Reptiles

D. Mammals

✅ Answer: B. Amphibians

Explanation: Amphibians like frogs respire through moist skin and lungs.

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56. The most advanced invertebrates are —

A. Arthropods

B. Molluscs

C. Annelids

D. Nematodes

✅ Answer: A. Arthropods

Explanation: Arthropods have complex body systems and jointed appendages.

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57. Which of the following organisms is a flatworm?

A. Earthworm

B. Tapeworm

C. Roundworm

D. Leech

✅ Answer: B. Tapeworm

Explanation: Tapeworms belong to Platyhelminthes (flatworms).

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58. Which of these is not an arthropod?

A. Mosquito

B. Butterfly

C. Snail

D. Cockroach

✅ Answer: C. Snail

Explanation: Snail is a mollusc, not an arthropod.

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59. The function of spiracles in insects is —

A. Excretion

B. Respiration

C. Movement

D. Digestion

✅ Answer: B. Respiration

Explanation: Spiracles are openings for gas exchange.

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60. The life cycle of a butterfly includes all the following except —

A. Egg

B. Larva

C. Nymph

D. Pupa

✅ Answer: C. Nymph

Explanation: Nymph stage occurs in incomplete metamorphosis (grasshoppers), not butterflies.

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61. Which vertebrate group lays eggs with hard shells?

A. Amphibians

B. Reptiles

C. Mammals

D. Fishes

✅ Answer: B. Reptiles

Explanation: Reptiles lay shelled eggs to protect embryos on land.

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62. Mammals are unique because they —

A. Lay eggs

B. Feed their young with milk

C. Have scales

D. Are cold-blooded

✅ Answer: B. Feed their young with milk

Explanation: Mammary glands produce milk to feed young ones.

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63. Birds have light bones mainly to —

A. Store air

B. Reduce weight for flight

C. Absorb shock

D. Store calcium

✅ Answer: B. Reduce weight for flight

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64. Evolution explains that organisms —

A. Were created suddenly

B. Change gradually over time

C. Cannot change

D. Do not die

✅ Answer: B. Change gradually over time

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65. Which of these provides the strongest proof of organic evolution?

A. Fossils

B. Embryology

C. Anatomy

D. DNA study

✅ Answer: A. Fossils

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66. The presence of wings in bats and birds is an example of —

A. Divergent evolution

B. Convergent evolution

C. Artificial selection

D. Mutation

✅ Answer: B. Convergent evolution

Explanation: Both developed wings independently for flight.

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67. The study of fossils is called —

A. Ecology

B. Paleontology

C. Taxonomy

D. Morphology

✅ Answer: B. Paleontology

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68. Darwin’s theory is based mainly on —

A. Mutation

B. Natural selection

C. Use and disuse

D. Speciation

✅ Answer: B. Natural selection

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69. Which of the following is a vestigial organ in humans?

A. Heart

B. Appendix

C. Liver

D. Lung

✅ Answer: B. Appendix

Explanation: Vestigial organs have lost their original function.

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70. Speciation occurs when —

A. Organisms interbreed freely

B. Populations become isolated

C. All organisms migrate

D. Mutation stops

✅ Answer: B. Populations become isolated

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71. In natural selection, organisms that survive are those that —

A. Are the strongest

B. Are the largest

C. Are best adapted

D. Are most numerous

✅ Answer: C. Are best adapted

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72. Mutation can be defined as —

A. The death of an organism

B. A change in DNA sequence

C. The process of fertilization

D. Crossing of gametes

✅ Answer: B. A change in DNA sequence

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73. Which organ secretes progesterone in females?

A. Ovary

B. Uterus

C. Placenta

D. Pituitary gland

✅ Answer: A. Ovary

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74. The testes are located outside the body cavity to —

A. protect from urine

B. maintain lower temperature for sperm production

C. avoid mixing of sperm and blood

D. reduce pressure

✅ Answer: B. maintain lower temperature for sperm production

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75. Which of the following produces both sperm and urine passage?

A. Vas deferens

B. Epididymis

C. Urethra

D. Penis

✅ Answer: C. Urethra

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76. The hormone that causes contraction of the uterus during childbirth is —

A. Oxytocin

B. Estrogen

C. Progesterone

D. FSH

✅ Answer: A. Oxytocin

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77. In humans, implantation occurs in the —

A. Ovary

B. Fallopian tube

C. Uterus

D. Cervix

✅ Answer: C. Uterus

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78. The structure that carries nutrients and oxygen to the fetus is the —

A. Amnion

B. Umbilical cord

C. Yolk sac

D. Placenta

✅ Answer: B. Umbilical cord

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79. Which of the following is not a method of asexual reproduction?

A. Budding

B. Binary fission

C. Fragmentation

D. Fertilization

✅ Answer: D. Fertilization

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80. The process by which an organism gives rise to its young is called —

A. Growth

B. Reproduction

C. Metabolism

D. Differentiation

✅ Answer: B. Reproduction

VARIETY OF LIVING ORGANISMS

🧫 SECTION A: Characteristics of Living Organisms

1. Which of the following is a characteristic of all living things?

A. Movement

B. Growth

C. Photosynthesis

D. Reproduction

✅ Answer: D — Reproduction is common to all living things.

2. Which process is not necessary for life in all living organisms?

A. Respiration

B. Nutrition

C. Photosynthesis

D. Excretion

✅ Answer: C — Only plants photosynthesize; others get food differently.

3. Irritability means the ability to —

A. Move from place to place

B. Detect and respond to stimuli

C. Produce offspring

D. Exchange gases

✅ Answer: B — It means sensitivity to environmental changes.

4. Which of the following characteristics is shared by both living and non-living things?

A. Movement

B. Growth

C. Increase in size

D. Metabolism

✅ Answer: C — Non-living things can increase in size (e.g. crystals).

5. Metabolism refers to —

A. Growth and reproduction

B. All chemical reactions in the body

C. Digestion alone

D. Photosynthesis alone

✅ Answer: B — Metabolism = all biochemical reactions in organisms.

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🧬 SECTION B: Cell Structure and Functions

6. The basic unit of life is the —

A. Organ

B. Tissue
C. Cell

D. System

✅ Answer: C — All living things are made up of cells.

7. Which of the following is present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?

A. Nucleus

B. Cytoplasm

C. Cell wall

D. Cell membrane

✅ Answer: C — Only plants have a cellulose cell wall.

8. The function of the mitochondrion is —

A. Protein synthesis

B. Energy production

C. Photosynthesis

D. Storage

✅ Answer: B — It is the “powerhouse” of the cell.

9. The cell membrane controls —

A. Entry and exit of materials

B. Respiration

C. Photosynthesis
D. Cell division

✅ Answer: A — It is selectively permeable.

10. Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

A. Mitochondria

B. Nucleus

C. Chloroplast

D. Ribosome

✅ Answer: C — Contains chlorophyll that traps sunlight.

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🧠 SECTION C: Levels of Organization

11. Which is the correct order of organization?

Cell → Tissue → Organ → System → Organism ✅

Explanation: It moves from simple to complex.

12. A group of similar cells performing the same function forms —

A. Organ
B. Tissue

C. System

D. Organism

✅ Answer: B — Example: muscle tissue.

13. The onion bulb is an example of a —

A. Tissue

B. Organ

C. Organism

D. System

✅ Answer: B — Made up of different tissues performing a function.

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🦠 SECTION D: Kingdom Monera (Prokaryotes)

14. Which of the following is a prokaryote?

A. Amoeba

B. Bacterium

C. Euglena

D. Yeast
✅ Answer: B — Bacteria lack a true nucleus.

15. The genetic material of bacteria is found in the —

A. Nucleus

B. Nucleoid

C. Ribosome

D. Mitochondrion

✅ Answer: B — Since they have no nuclear membrane.

16. Which of these diseases is caused by bacteria?

A. Measles

B. Cholera

C. Malaria

D. Ringworm

✅ Answer: B — Caused by Vibrio cholerae.

17. Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) are grouped under Monera because —

A. They are multicellular

B. They lack a nucleus

C. They have flagella

D. They cause disease

✅ Answer: B — They are prokaryotic photosynthetic bacteria.

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🧫 SECTION E: Kingdom Protista (Protozoa & Protophyta)

18. Euglena is unique because it —

A. Lives in water only

B. Can photosynthesize and move

C. Has no chlorophyll

D. Has no flagellum

✅ Answer: B — It behaves like both plant and animal.

19. Amoeba moves by means of —

A. Cilia

B. Flagella

C. Pseudopodia

D. Tentacles

✅ Answer: C — False feet used for movement and feeding.

20. Paramecium feeds through its —

A. Contractile vacuole

B. Gullet

C. Cytoplasm

D. Flagellum

✅ Answer: B — The gullet collects food particles.

21. The contractile vacuole in Amoeba is for —

A. Movement

B. Excretion of water

C. Digestion

D. Reproduction

✅ Answer: B — It maintains water balance (osmoregulation).

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🍄 SECTION F: Kingdom Fungi

22. Fungi obtain food by —

A. Photosynthesis

B. Absorption

C. Ingestion
D. Filtration

✅ Answer: B — They are saprophytic.

23. The body of a fungus is made up of —

A. Roots

B. Hyphae

C. Rhizoids

D. Tubes

✅ Answer: B — Hyphae form a network called mycelium.

24. Rhizopus reproduces asexually by —

A. Budding

B. Fragmentation

C. Spore formation

D. Conjugation

✅ Answer: C — Spores are formed in sporangia.

25. Yeast reproduces by —

A. Conjugation

B. Budding

C. Fission

D. Spore formation
✅ Answer: B — Small bud forms on parent cell.

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🌾 SECTION G: Kingdom Plantae

26. Which of these belongs to Thallophyta?

A. Spirogyra

B. Moss

C. Fern

D. Maize

✅ Answer: A — Simple green algae.

27. Bryophytes are —

A. Flowering plants

B. Non-vascular plants

C. Seed-bearing plants

D. Gymnosperms

✅ Answer: B — They lack vascular tissues.

28. Which of the following plants is a Pteridophyte?

A. Spirogyra

B. Fern

C. Cycas

D. Maize

✅ Answer: B — Ferns reproduce with spores, not seeds.

29. Gymnosperms differ from Angiosperms by —

A. Having naked seeds

B. Producing flowers

C. Having fruits

D. Being non-vascular

✅ Answer: A — Their seeds are not enclosed in fruit.

30. Angiosperms produce —

A. Naked seeds

B. Seeds enclosed in fruits

C. Cones

D. Spores

✅ Answer: B — They have true flowers and fruits.

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🐛 SECTION H: Kingdom Animalia – Invertebrates

31. Hydra belongs to the phylum —

A. Coelenterata

B. Platyhelminthes

C. Nematoda

D. Annelida

✅ Answer: A — Hydra has a hollow body with tentacles.

32. The body of flatworms is —

A. Round

B. Segmented

C. Flattened

D. Cylindrical

✅ Answer: C — Hence “flatworms”.

33. Earthworm belongs to the phylum —

A. Nematoda

B. Annelida

C. Arthropoda
D. Mollusca

✅ Answer: B — They are segmented worms.

34. Which of the following has an exoskeleton?

A. Snail

B. Cockroach

C. Earthworm

D. Hydra

✅ Answer: B — Arthropods have exoskeletons.

35. The main respiratory organ of a fish is —

A. Skin

B. Gills

C. Lungs

D. Spiracle

✅ Answer: B — For gaseous exchange in water.

36. Snails belong to the phylum —

A. Annelida

B. Mollusca

C. Arthropoda

D. Coelenterata
✅ Answer: B — Molluscs have soft, unsegmented bodies.

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🐸 SECTION I: Vertebrates

37. Which of the following is a cold-blooded vertebrate?

A. Bird

B. Mammal

C. Fish

D. Dog

✅ Answer: C — Fish are poikilothermic.

38. Amphibians can live both in water and on land because —

A. They have gills only

B. They breathe through lungs and skin

C. They have shells

D. They have feathers

✅ Answer: B — Frogs breathe through moist skin and lungs.

39. Birds have hollow bones to —

A. Protect their lungs

B. Reduce body weight for flight

C. Store air

D. Help digestion

✅ Answer: B — Light bones aid flight.

40. Mammals are characterized by —

A. Laying eggs

B. Having scales

C. Feeding young with milk

D. Having moist skin

✅ Answer: C — They have mammary glands.

SECTION J: Evolution and Classification

41. The system of naming organisms with two names is called —

A. Monomial nomenclature

B. Binomial nomenclature

C. Polynomial nomenclature

D. Trinomial nomenclature

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: Binomial nomenclature uses Genus and species names (e.g. Homo sapiens).
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42. Who introduced the system of binomial nomenclature?

A. Darwin

B. Aristotle

C. Linnaeus

D. Lamarck

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Carolus Linnaeus developed the binomial system.

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43. In classification, the largest group of organisms is the —

A. Class

B. Order

C. Kingdom

D. Species

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Kingdom is the broadest classification category.

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44. The smallest unit of classification is the —

A. Family

B. Genus

C. Species

D. Order

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: A species is the group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

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45. Organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring belong to the same —

A. Kingdom

B. Species

C. Genus

D. Family

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: Fertile offspring define a species.

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46. The scientific name of maize is —

A. Zea mays

B. Homo sapiens

C. Mangifera indica

D. Triticum aestivum

✅ Answer: A

Explanation: Zea mays is maize in binomial nomenclature.

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47. The first name in a scientific name represents the —

A. Species

B. Family

C. Genus

D. Order

✅ Answer: C
Explanation: The first word is the genus; the second is the species.

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48. In writing scientific names, the genus name —

A. Is written in capital letters

B. Comes second

C. Is underlined or italicized

D. Must be abbreviated

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Both names are italicized, with genus capitalized.

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🌿 SECTION K: Evolution among Plants

49. Which of these shows the correct evolutionary trend in plants?

A. Algae → Ferns → Moss → Flowering plants

B. Algae → Moss → Fern → Gymnosperm → Angiosperm

C. Fern → Moss → Algae → Flowering plants

D. Algae → Gymnosperm → Bryophyte → Angiosperm

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: Structural complexity increases in that order.

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50. The first true land plants are —

A. Algae

B. Bryophytes

C. Ferns

D. Gymnosperms

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: Bryophytes (e.g. mosses) were the earliest land plants.

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51. Ferns differ from mosses because they —

A. Lack vascular tissue

B. Produce spores

C. Have vascular tissues

D. Grow only in water

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Ferns have xylem and phloem; mosses don’t.

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52. Gymnosperms are called “naked seed” plants because —

A. Their seeds are not enclosed in fruits

B. They do not produce seeds

C. Their seeds are in fruits

D. They grow in water

✅ Answer: A

Explanation: Seeds are exposed on cone scales.

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53. Angiosperms are divided into —

A. Monocots and dicots

B. Ferns and mosses

C. Thallophytes and bryophytes

D. Gymnosperms and conifers

✅ Answer: A

Explanation: Based on number of seed leaves (cotyledons).

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54. An example of a monocot plant is —

A. Maize

B. Bean

C. Mango

D. Groundnut

✅ Answer: A

Explanation: Maize has one cotyledon, parallel veins, fibrous roots.

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55. An example of a dicot plant is —

A. Rice

B. Maize

C. Cowpea

D. Millet

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Dicots have two cotyledons and net-veined leaves.

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🦋 SECTION L: Evolution among Animals

56. Which group of animals has the simplest body organization?

A. Arthropoda

B. Coelenterata

C. Mollusca

D. Nematoda

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: Hydra (Coelenterata) has only two body layers.

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57. Flatworms differ from roundworms in that flatworms —

A. Have a body cavity

B. Are segmented

C. Are acoelomate

D. Have jointed legs

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Flatworms lack a true body cavity.

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58. The first animals to show segmentation are —

A. Annelids

B. Arthropods

C. Molluscs

D. Echinoderms

✅ Answer: A

Explanation: Annelids (earthworms) have segmented bodies.

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59. The phylum Arthropoda includes —

A. Starfish

B. Earthworm

C. Cockroach

D. Tapeworm

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Arthropods have jointed appendages and exoskeletons.

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60. The most advanced invertebrates are —

A. Molluscs

B. Arthropods

C. Coelenterates

D. Annelids

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: They show complex organization and adaptation.

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61. Fish evolved before amphibians because —

A. They can fly

B. They can breathe both in water and land

C. They live only in water

D. They possess fins and gills

✅ Answer: D

Explanation: Fish are aquatic vertebrates; amphibians came later.

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62. Which of the following is a warm-blooded vertebrate?

A. Frog

B. Fish

C. Lizard

D. Bird

✅ Answer: D

Explanation: Birds and mammals are homeothermic.

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63. Reptiles evolved from amphibians because they —

A. Live in water

B. Lay eggs with shells on land

C. Have moist skin

D. Lack limbs

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: The shelled egg prevents drying on land.

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64. The most advanced vertebrates are —

A. Birds

B. Mammals

C. Amphibians

D. Reptiles

✅ Answer: B
Explanation: Mammals have hair, mammary glands, and high intelligence.

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🐝 SECTION M: Economic Importance of Organisms

65. Which of the following organisms is used in baking and brewing?

A. Rhizopus

B. Mucor

C. Yeast

D. Penicillium

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Yeast ferments sugar to alcohol and CO₂.

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66. Penicillium is economically important because it —

A. Produces antibiotics

B. Causes ringworm
C. Causes malaria

D. Produces alcohol

✅ Answer: A

Explanation: It produces penicillin, an antibiotic.

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67. Rhizopus is important in food spoilage because —

A. It causes fermentation

B. It decays bread

C. It fixes nitrogen

D. It is used in cheese making

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: It’s known as bread mould.

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68. Mushrooms are edible fungi because —

A. They are photosynthetic

B. They contain chlorophyll

C. They are non-toxic

D. They are unicellular

✅ Answer: C — Edible species are non-poisonous and nutritious.

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69. Bacteria are useful in industry for —

A. Producing food spoilage

B. Causing diseases

C. Fermenting milk to yogurt

D. Killing crops

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Lactobacillus ferments milk.

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70. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are found in —

A. Soil and roots of legumes

B. Fish gills

C. Leaves of maize

D. Air only

✅ Answer: A

Explanation: Found in root nodules of beans and peas.

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71. One harmful effect of bacteria is —

A. Decomposition

B. Disease production

C. Nitrogen fixation

D. Food fermentation

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: Some cause diseases like cholera.

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72. Insects are economically important because —

A. They only cause harm

B. They pollinate flowers

C. They have exoskeletons

D. They cause photosynthesis

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: Insects help pollination of crops.

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73. The silk moth is important because it —

A. Pollinates crops

B. Produces honey

C. Produces silk fibre

D. Produces wax

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: Silk comes from cocoons of Bombyx mori.

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74. The honey bee is beneficial because it —

A. Destroys crops

B. Produces honey and wax

C. Spreads malaria

D. Damages roots

✅ Answer: B — It gives honey, wax, and helps pollination.

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75. The mosquito is harmful because it —

A. Pollinates flowers

B. Causes malaria

C. Produces honey

D. Fixes nitrogen

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: Female Anopheles transmits malaria.

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76. Houseflies are dangerous because they —

A. Bite

B. Feed on nectar

C. Transmit pathogens mechanically

D. Produce toxins

✅ Answer: C

Explanation: They carry germs from waste to food.

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77. Earthworms improve soil fertility by —

A. Eating plant roots

B. Mixing and aerating the soil

C. Killing insects

D. Producing nitrogen gas

✅ Answer: B — They loosen soil and increase nutrients.

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78. Snails are harmful because they —

A. Eat crops

B. Pollinate flowers

C. Fix nitrogen

D. Produce milk

✅ Answer: A

Explanation: They damage tender plants.

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79. Frogs are useful because they —

A. Eat pests

B. Produce silk

C. Destroy crops

D. Spread diseases

✅ Answer: A

Explanation: Frogs feed on insects and maintain ecological balance.

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80. The main importance of biological classification is to —

A. Confuse scientists

B. Show the relationship between organisms

C. Create new species

D. Eliminate evolution

✅ Answer: B

Explanation: Classification helps to study similarities and evolutionary relationships.