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IIT Ropar MA101 Calculus Tutorial 2025-26

This document is a tutorial sheet for the MA101 - Calculus course at the Indian Institute of Technology Ropar for the first semester of the academic year 2025-26. It contains a series of mathematical problems and proofs covering topics such as inequalities, properties of real numbers, sequences, and limits. The problems are designed to enhance understanding of calculus concepts and mathematical reasoning.

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11 views2 pages

IIT Ropar MA101 Calculus Tutorial 2025-26

This document is a tutorial sheet for the MA101 - Calculus course at the Indian Institute of Technology Ropar for the first semester of the academic year 2025-26. It contains a series of mathematical problems and proofs covering topics such as inequalities, properties of real numbers, sequences, and limits. The problems are designed to enhance understanding of calculus concepts and mathematical reasoning.

Uploaded by

comicphobia04
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Indian Institute of Technology Ropar

Department of Mathematics
MA101 - Calculus
First Semester of Academic Year 2025-26
Tutorial Sheet - 1

1. Let x, y ∈ R. Then prove the following:


x+y+|x−y| x+y−|x−y|
(a) max{x, y} = 2
and min{x, y} = 2
.
x y
(b) 0 ≤ x < y ⇒ 1+x
< 1+y .
|x+y| |x| |y|
(c) 1+|x+y|
≤ 1+|x|
+ 1+|y|
.

2. For x, y ∈ R, prove that

(a) |x + y| ≥ ||x| − |y||.


(b) |x − y| ≥ ||x| − |y||.
(c) |x − y| ≤ |x| + |y|.
√
3. Prove that 3 is an irrational number.
√ √ √ √
4. Prove that 1/ 1 + 1/ 2 + · · · + 1/ n > n for all n ∈ N and n > 1.

5. Let a, b ∈ R, and suppose that for every ϵ > 0 we have a ≤ b + ϵ. Show that a ≤ b.

6. Let a, b ∈ R. If 0 < a ≤ b and the indicated square roots exist, then prove that

√
r
2ab a+b a2 + b 2
a≤ ≤ ab ≤ ≤ ≤ b.
a+b 2 2

7. Using Mathematical Induction prove that ∀n ∈ N, (1 + x)n ≥ 1 + nx.

8. Show that if a, b ∈ R, and a ̸= b, then there exist ϵ-neighbourhoods U of a and V of b such that
U ∩ V = ∅.

9. Let ϵ > 0 and δ > 0 and a ∈ R. Show that Vϵ (a) ∩ Vδ (a) and Vϵ (a) ∪ Vδ (a) are γ− neighborhoods
of a for appropriate values of γ.

10. Find all x ∈ R that satisfy both |2x − 3| < 5 and |x + 1| > 2 simultaneously.

11. Prove the following:

(a) Every non-empty subset of N has a least member.


(b) For every x ∈ R, there exist m, n ∈ Z such that m < x < n.
(c) For every x ∈ R, there exists unique n ∈ Z such that n ≤ x ≤ n + 1, i.e., every real number
lies between two consecutive integers.

12. Prove that there is no least positive real number.


2n
13. Find m ∈ N such that | n+3 − 2| < 51 , ∀n ≥ m.
n +1 2
14. Check whether the sequence { 2n+3 } is bounded or not.

15. Prove or disprove that the following sequences are bounded:


2n−5
(a) { 2n+1 }.
(−1)n
(b) {1 + n
}.
1 1 1
(c) {1 + 5
+ 52 + ... + 5n
}.
2
(d) {n − n }.

16. Determine, whether the sequences are increasing or decreasing:

(a) { n2n+1 }n≥1


n n
(b) { 25n+1
3
}n≥1
√ √
17. Prove that the sequence {xn }, defined by x1 = a > 0, xn+1 = a + xn , is bounded above.

18. If 0 < aq< b and S1 = a, then the sequence {Sn } is bounded and monotonic increasing, where
2 +S 2
Sn+1 = aba+1 n
for all n ∈ N.

19. Prove that [ 12 (a + b)]2 ≤ 12 (a2 + b2 ) for all a, b ∈ R. Show that equality holds if and only if a = b.

20. Show that there exists a unique positive real number x such that x2 = 2.

21. Show that if a, b ∈ R then

(a) min{a, b, c} = min{min{a, b}, c}.


(b) min{a, b} = − max{−a, −b}.

∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗∗ ALL THE BEST ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗ ∗∗

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