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Rocket Motion Problem Solving Guide

The document outlines a problem-solving method for analyzing rocket motion using Newton's 2nd law. It includes the derivation of the rocket's acceleration and the equation of motion over time, taking into account the decreasing mass of the rocket due to fuel combustion. The final equations express the relationship between velocity, mass, and gravitational effects on the rocket's trajectory.

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4 views2 pages

Rocket Motion Problem Solving Guide

The document outlines a problem-solving method for analyzing rocket motion using Newton's 2nd law. It includes the derivation of the rocket's acceleration and the equation of motion over time, taking into account the decreasing mass of the rocket due to fuel combustion. The final equations express the relationship between velocity, mass, and gravitational effects on the rocket's trajectory.

Uploaded by

Đặng Như Ngọc
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD

1. Problem:

-The rocket moves by the tail gas stream. This gas stream is generated by the
combustion reactions of the fuel contained in the rocket, so its mass gradually
decreases over time. Use Newton’s 2nd law equation for the rocket:
dv dm
m dt = -v’ dt – mg

-Which mo is the initial rocket mass, v’ is the velocity of the exhaust gas stream,
dm
is the fuel combustion rate.
dt

[Link]:

[Link] the acceleration of the rocket

[Link] the equation of motion of the rocket over time y(t)

3. Solution:

a. Choose the positive direction as the direction of motion.

-Choose the origin at the ground.

-Rocket mass at time t:


m t
−dm
We have: k = =dm=−kdt=∫ dm=∫ kdt=m=m0−kt
dt m0 0

-Equation of Newton’s 2nd law for the rocket motion:

dv ' dm
m =−v −m g
dt dt

' dm
dv =−v −gdt
m
v m t

∫ dv=¿−v ∫ dm −∫ gdt ¿
'

0 m m 0 0
' m ' m0 ' m0
v=−v ln −¿=v ln −¿=v ln −¿
m0 m m0−kt

dv v' k
¿> a= = −g
dt m 0−kt

dv v'k
So the acceleration of the rocket is: => a= dt = m −kt −g
0

b. Rocket's motion method over time y(t):


y t

We have: dy =vdt=∫ dy =∫ vdt


y0 0

[ ( ) ]
t
m
=> y – y0 = ∫ v ln m −kt −¿ dt
' 0

0 0

'
(
0
0 m '
)
0
0
(
' m
1 2
)
=> y = y0 + v ln m −kt t +v ln m −kt + v t− 2 g t

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