2017

HEAT EXCHANGER

Course:

DESIGN AND SELECTION OF INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

Engineer:

MENDOZA MELGAR, Marco

Members:

Carbajal Solari, Nancy Aurora

Inoñan Tercero, Jesus Alberto
Loyola Maima, Frank
Valenzuela Cucho, Keyter
Cycle:

IX–unique
 DOUBLE TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER EXERCISE
I. 1300 lb/h of 26º API gas oil is cooled from 450 ºF to 350 ºF by heating.
gasoline with 57º API under pressure of 220 ºF to 230 ºF. In so many forks of 3
2-inch IPS double tube of 20 feet in length as required.
Pressure drops of 10 lb/ft2 are allowed, with an obstruction factor
minimum of 0.004
a) What is the arrangement of fluids?
b) How many hairpins are needed?
c) What is the final obstruction factor?
Data:
Hot fluid: Diesel 26 ºAPI

1 = 450 ℉

2350°F

= 1300
ℎ
Cold fluid: Gasoline 57º API

1= 220℉

2= 230℉
Clips: 3 x 2 inches IPS
= 20 pies
∆ = 10 lb/pulg2
Obstruction factor
0.004

Heat transfer coefficients for the outer fluid and for the fluid
internal

ℎ = 730,21
ℎ 2℉

ℎ = 163.02
ℎ 2℉

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 Solution:

I. What is the arrangement of fluids?

UPSTREAM

Cold terminal Hot terminal

∆ = (350− 220 ℉) ∆ = (450− 230 ℉)
∆ 1= 130℉ ∆ 2= 220℉

Find MLDT
∆ 2− ∆ 1
=
∆ 2
ln( )
∆ 1
220 − 130
=
220
ln ( 130 )

= 171,07 ℃

IN PARALLEL

Hot terminal Cold terminal

∆ = (450− 220 ℉
) ∆ = (350− 230 °F)
∆ 1= 230℉ ∆ 2= 120℉

Find MLDT
∆ 2− ∆ 1
=
∆ 2
ln( )
∆ 1

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 230 −120
=
230
ln( 120 )

= 169,07 ℃

It should be installed against the current because its MLDT is greater.

Yes:
= 1300 lb/h
=?

→
→

= ∆ = ∆
To calculate specific heats, calorific temperatures are required.
= 2+ ( 1− 2)
= 1+ ( 1− 2)

Calculate

∆
{
°
{
∆ ∆ 1130℉
= = 0.59
∆ ℎ ∆ 2220℉

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 Finding
∆ = (450 − 350 ℉)
for the fluid ∴ 0.44
hot ∆ = 100℉
° = 26th API

∆ = (230 −220 ℉)
∴ ≈ 0,1
for the cold fluid ∆ = 10°F
°API = 57°API

Determine
Con
∆
equals 0.59 0.44
∆ ℎ y

= 0.425

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 Replacing in
( 350 ℉
= 350°F + 0.425,450- )
= 392,5℉
( -220 ℉ )
= 220°F + 0.425230
= 224,25℉

Calculating
26°API a 392,5℉ ∴ C = 0.615 BTU/lb°F
57° 224,25℉ Therefore, C = 0.581 / ℉

Calculating

= 1300 *0.615 ∗ (450 - 350)℉

ℎ ℉

= 799500
ℎ
= . .∆

=
∆

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 1300
= ℎ
0.581 ( 10°F )
℉

= 137607.57
ℎ

Then:

= 2= 2
4

Inner tube

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 = 2,067
2"
= 2D1

= ( 2,067 plug ) 2
4
(1 )2
= 3.35 pulses2∗
( 12 )2
0.0023 pies2

= 3,068" = D2
3" IPS
3.50"

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 ( 2) − ( 2)
0= 2 1
4 4
2 2
0= ( 2− 1)
4
2
( 3,068 −2,38 )pulg 2
0=
4
(1 )2
= 2,94 pull2∗
( 12 )2
= 0.020 pie2

So then

= 0,020 pie2→ (137607.57) →

ℎ

= 0.0023 pies2→ (13000) →

ℎ

II. Number of forks

.
= = =
2 . 2 (20 ) 40
ℎ ℎ

= = 2
0.622

Data taken from table 11

=
1+

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 ℎ ∗ℎ
=
ℎ +ℎ

Replacing

730,21 ∗ 163.02
ℎ 2℉ ℎ 2℉
=
73021 + 163.02
ℎ 2℉ ℎ 2℉

= 133,27
ℎ 2℉

133,27
ℎ 2℉
=
1+ 133,27 0.004
ℎ 2℉

86.93
ℎ ℉

799500
= ℎ
86,93 (17107°F
ℎ ℉
A = 53.76 pie2

53.76 pieces2
= 2
0.622

86.43 pie

86.43 pie
=
40
ℎ
= 2,16 hours
∴ =

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

III. What is the final obstruction factor?
Yes
0.004
− ′
=
∗ ′
Where:

= = 133,27
ℎ ℉
′=

= ′∗ ′∗

Where:
′ superficial summation training for 3 hours

′=
′∗

Finding

′= ∗2 ∗

2
′= 3 h qrquillas * 40 ∗ 0.622
ℎ
′ = 74.64 pieces2

So:

799500
′= ℎ
74.64 pie2∗ 171,07℉

′= 62,61
ℎ 2℉

Then

133,27 - 62,61
ℎ ℉ ℎ 2℉
=
13327 * 62,61
ℎ ℉ ℎ 2℉

ℎ 2℉
0.008

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 DESIGN OF SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER:
I. Design a heat exchanger for subcooling condensed liquid coming from a
methanol condenser from 95 °C to 40 °C. The mass flow of methanol is
From 100,000 kg/h as a cooling medium, water at 25 °C should be used, which
heat up to 40 °C.

Solution:
1. Physical properties of fluids:

2. To find the area, we solve the following equation:

= ∗ ∗∆

=
∗∆

3. Finding the transferred heat:

100000
= ∗ 2.84( 95- 40 =) 4340 KW
3600

4. Temperature difference:∆ =∆

( 95 − 40 -) (40 -25)
∆ = = 31°
(95 - 40)
(40 -25)

5. Total heat transfer coefficient: =

( Tab 5.4 and fig 5.15
600 ∗2 ° ref )

Replacing in the area equation, we will have:

4340 *103
= = 233 m2
31∗ 600

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 How > 10 m2a shell and tube heat exchanger should be used.

6. Characteristics of the tubes

¾ inch tubes * 16 feet long of Cu - Ni alloy

= = 20 mm

= = 16 mm

= 4.83

= 4.83 *20 *10-3π = 0.303 m2( )

7. Resistance to embedding: from table 5.5

Cooling water,r = 0.00020 ( ∗ ° 2 ) −1 originating from a tower of
cooling.
Methanol condensate,r = 0.00020 ( ∗ ° 2 ) −1

8. Fluid courses
Helmet side: methanol condensate (cleaner fluid or with lower r)
Side of the pipes: cooling water (since if the speed decreases its
resistance increases

9. Distance between tubes: as the fluid on the shell side is relatively

limpio se usará arreglo triangular con = 1.25 * OD = 1.25 *20 = 25 mm

[Link] or series of exchanger = ( )

55
= 3.67
40 -25
40 −25
= = 0.21
95 -25

Share fig 5.19

= 0.85

Therefore, the heat exchanger will be series 1–n (one pass on the side
of the helmet and 2, 4, 6, 8 or more steps of the pipes)

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 KERN METHOD:

A supposed= 600 ∗° 2

2. A provisional:

4340 *103
= = = 278 m2
∗∆ ∗ 600 ∗ 31∗ 0.85
3. Number of pipes

278
= = 918
0.303
4. Diameter of the beam of the tubes,

918 1⁄
= 20 ( ) 2.207 = 826 mm
0.249

Using the floating head enveloping ring type of fig 5.8 diameter
from helmet - diameter of the beam = 68 mm

5. Hull diameter

= 825 + 68 = 894 mm

The standard pipe diameters close to this value are 863.6 or

914.4 mm.
The diameter of the hull must be determined from tables for diameters.
pipeline standard.

Selected exchanger

1− 2
3
(
16 pieces of furniture ) m
4.83
4

∆ = 1.25 * OD = 1.25 *20 = 25 mm

, = 918

, 894 mm

, 25 pqr cient

7. Film coefficient on the tube side:

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 , = 33 °C

, ′= ∗ 162= 201 2
4
918
= 459
2

, = 459 *201∗ 10-6= 0.092 2

4340
,= = = 68.9
( −25
∗ ∆ 4.240 )

68.9
= , =749
0.092 ∗ 2

749
= =, equals 0.75( )
995 s

( + 0.02∗ 330.75
) 0.8
42001.35
ℎ = = 3852
16 0.2 2°

The coefficient can also be calculated using the following equations:

∗ ∗ ∗
= =

995 ∗ 0.75 ∗16 *10-3

= = 14925
0.8 *10-3

4.2∗ 103* 0.8 *10-3

= = 5.7
0.59

Despising / )

4.83 *103
⁄ = =⁄ = 302
16

From fig 5.16:

= 3.7 *10-3

0.59
ℎ = 3.7 *10-3( ) ∗ 14923 ∗ 5. 70.33= 3616
16 ∗10-3 2°

Checking, it is a value reasonably close to the previous calculation.

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

8. Film coefficient on the hull side

Selecting a spacing between screens of = ⁄5

894 ⁄ = 178 mm
5

Distance between tube centers = 1.35 *20 = 25 mm

The cross-sectional area on the hull side

( 25 −20 )
= 894 *178 *10-6= 0.032 2
25
100000
Methanol flow, = = 27.78
3600

Mass velocity of methanol:

27.78
= = = 868
0.032 ∗ 2

Equivalent diameter:

1.10
= ( 25 2 -0.97 *20 =2 )14.4 mm
20

∗ 868 *14.4 *10-3

= = = 36762
0.34 *10-3

2.84 *103∗ 0.34 ∗10-3

= = 5.1
0.19

Selecting segmented screens at 25% of figure 5.23

= 3.3 *10-3

Without the correction term for viscosity

0.19
ℎ = 3.3 *10-3( ) ∗ 36762* 5.10.33= 2740
14.4 *10-3 2°

9. Thermal conductivity of the Cu–Ni alloy:

= 50
°

10. Total heat transfer coefficient

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 1 1 0 0 1
= ∗ + + + +
ℎ ℎ

1 1 20 20 4 ∗ 10-3∗ 20 1
= ∗ + 0.0002 + + 0.0002+
FU 361616 16 50 *18 2740

U = 800 2°

11. Area required for heat transfer

4340103
0= = = 206 m2
∆ ∗ 800 * 310.85

12. Available area

= ∗ = 0.303 ∗ 918 = 278 m2

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL ENGINEERING