SOLVED EXERCISES UNIT 3

Problem No. 1) How many m/s is the speed of a vehicle traveling at 72 km/h?
Development
Datos: v = 72 km/h

Problem No. 2) A mobile object travels in a straight line with an average speed of 1,200 cm/s for 9
s, and then with an average speed of 480 cm/s for 7 s, both speeds being the same
sense:
a) What is the total displacement in the 16 s journey?
b) What is the average speed of the entire trip?
Development
Data:
v1= 1.200 cm/s t1= 9 s v2= 480 cm/s t2= 7 s
a) The displacement is: x = v.t
For each time period:
x1(1200 cm/s).9 s x110800 cm
x2(480 cm/s).7 s x2= 3360 cm
The total displacement is:
Xt= X1+ x2Xt= 10800 cm + 3360 cm Xt14160 cm = 141.6 m
b) As the total time is:
tt = t1+ t2= 9 s + 7 s = 16 s
With the total displacement recently calculated, we apply:
Δv = xt/ttΔv = 141.6 m/16 s Δ v = 8.85 m/s
Problem No. 3) Solve the previous problem, assuming that the speeds are different.
sense.
Development
a) If they are of different directions:
Xt= X1- x2Xt10800 cm - 3360 cm Xt = 7440 cm= 74.4 m
b) Δv = xt/tt Δv = 74.4 m/16 s Δ v = 4.65 m/s
Problem No. 4) In the graph, a uniform rectilinear motion is represented, find out
Graphically and analytically the distance traveled in the first 4 seconds.

Development
Data: v = 4 m/s t = 4 s v = x/t x = v.t x = 4 m/s.4 s x = 16 m
Problem No. 5) A mobile travels along a straight line with constant velocity. At the moments t1= 0 s y
t2= 4 s, their positions are x1 = 9.5 cm and
x2= 25.5 cm. Determine:
a) Speed of the mobile.
b) Its position at t3= 1 s.
c) The equations of motion.
its abscissa at time t4= 2.5 s.
e) The graphs x = f(t) and v = f(t) of the mobile.
Desarrollo
Data: t1= 0 s x1= 9.5 cm t2= 4 s x225.5 cm
a) How:
Δv = Δx/Δt Δv = (x2- x1)/(t2- t1Δv = (25.5 cm - 9.5 cm) / (4 s - 0 s) Δv = 16 cm / 4
Δv = 4 cm/s
b) For t3= 1 s:
Δv = Δx/Δt Δx = Δv.Δt Δx = (4 cm/s).1 s Δx = 4 cm
Added to the initial position:
x3= x1+ Δx x39.5 cm + 4 cm x3= 13.5 cm
c) x = 4 (cm/s)·t + 9.5 cm
d) With the previous equation for t4= 2.5 s:
x4(4 cm/s).t4+ 9.5 cm x4=(4 cm/s) * 2.5 s + 9.5 cm x419.5 cm

Problem No. 6) A particle moves in the direction of the x-axis and in the sense of x > 0.
Knowing that the speed is 2 m/s, and its position is x0= -4 m, plot the graphs x = f(t) and v =
f(t).
Development
Datos: v = 2 m/s x0 -4 m

Problem No. 7) Convert the following speeds from units:

from 36 km/h to m/s.
b) from 10 m/s to km/h.
from 30 km/min to cm/s.
from 50 m/min to km/h.
Development
a)

v = 10 m/s
b)

v = 36 km/h
c)

v = 50000 cm/s
d)

v = 3 km/h
Problem number 8) A vehicle travels 98 km in 2 hours, calculate:
its speed.
b) How many kilometers will it travel in 3 hours at the same speed?
Development
Datos: x = 98 km t = 2 h
a) Applying: v = x/t v = 98 km/2 h v = 49 km/h
b) Then:
v = x/t x = v.t x = (49 km/h).3 h x = 147 km
Problem No. 9) A shot is fired 2.04 km away from where a police officer is located, how much
How long does it take for the police to hear it if the speed of sound in air is 330 m/s?
Development
Datos: x = 2,04 km = 2040 m v = 330 m/s
Applying:
v = x/t t = x/v t = (2040 m)/(330 m/s) t = 6,18 s
Problem No. 10) The speed of sound is 330 m/s and the speed of light is 300,000 km/s. It
a lightning strike 50 km from an observer.
a) What does the observer receive first, light or sound?
b) What time difference do you register them with?
Development
Data: vs = 330 m/s vi= 300.000 km/s = 300000000 m/s x = 50 km = 50000 m
a) The light since vl> vs
b) Applying:
v = x/t t = x/v ts≈ 151.515 seconds ts= 151.515152 s
ti= (50000 m)/(300000000 m/s) ti0.00016667 s
Then:
t = ts- ti t = 151.515152 s - 0.00016667 s t = 151.514985 s
Problem No. 11) How long does it take for sunlight to reach Earth, given the speed of light is
at 300,000 km/s and the sun is located 150,000,000 km away.
Development
Datos: v = 300.000 km/s x = 150.000.000 km
Applying:
v = x/t t = x/v t = (150,000,000 km)/(300,000 km/s) t = 500 s
Problem No. 12) A formula 1 car travels the straight section of a circuit at constant speed.
At time t1= 0.5 s and
t2= 1.5 s, their positions on the line are x1= 3.5 m and x2= 43.5 m. Calculate:
a) At what speed is the car moving?
b) At what point on the line would you find it at 3 s?
Development
Data: t1= 0.5 s x1= 3.5 m t2= 1.5 s x243.5 m
a) Δv = (43.5 m - 3.5 m)/(1.5 s - 0.5 s) Δv = 40 m/1 sΔv = 44 m/s
b) For t3= 3 s
v = x/t x = v.t x = (40 m/s).3 s x = 120 m
Problem number 13) What will be the distance traveled by a vehicle at a speed of 90 km/h, after
of a day and a half of travel?
Development
Datos: v = 90 km/h t = 1.5 days = 1.5 x 24 hours = 36 hours
v = x/t x = v.t x = (90 km/h) * 36 h x = 3240 km
Problem No. 14) Which of the following mobiles moves at a greater speed: the (a) that is
does it move at 120 km/h or the one that does at 45 m/s?
Development
Data: va= 120 km/h vb45 m/s
First, we express the speeds in a single unit, for example m/s, and then
we compare:
va = (120 km/h) * (1000 m/1 km) * (1 h/3600 s) va33.33 m/s
Comparing we see that: vb>a He is faster.
Problem No. 15) What is the time taken by a vehicle moving at 75 km/h to
travel a distance of 25,000 m?
Development
Datos: v = 75 km/h x = 25.000 m
Applying:
v = x/t t = x/v t = (25 km)/(75 km/h) t = 33.33 h t = 60 min
Problem No. 16) How long will it take a vehicle traveling at 80 km/h to cover a
distance of 640 km?
Development
Datos: v = 80 km/h x = 640 km
Applying:
v = x/t t = x/v t = (640 km)/(80 km/h) t=8h
Problem No. 17) A rocket starts from rest with constant acceleration and manages to reach in 30
at a speed of 588 m/s. Calculate:
a) Acceleration.
b) What distance did it cover in those 30 seconds?
Development
Data: v0= 0 m/s vf= 588 m/s t = 30 s
Equations: (1) vf = v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (1):
vf= v0+ a.t vf= a.t a = vfa = (588 m/s) a = 19.6 /m/s² (30 s)
b) From equation (2):
x = v0.t + a.t²/2 x = a.t²/2 x = (19.6 m/s²)(30 s)²/2 x = 8820 m
Problem No. 18) A moving vehicle that is traveling at a constant speed applies the brakes during
25 s and covers 400 m until stopping. Calculate:
a) What speed did the vehicle have before applying the brakes?
b) What deceleration did the brakes produce?
Development
Datos: t = 25 s x = 400 m vf= 0 m/s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (1):
vf= v0+ a.t 0 = v0+ a.t a = -v0(3)
Replacing (3) in (2):
x = v0.t + a.t²/2 x = v0.t + (-v0/t).t²/2 x = v0.t - v0.t/2 x = v0.t/2
v0= 2.x/t v0(2.400 m) / (25 s) v0= 32 m/s
b) From equation (3):
a = (-32 m/s)/(25 s) a = -1.28 m/s²
Problem No. 19) How long will it take a vehicle to reach a speed of 60 km/h, if
part of the rest accelerating constantly with an acceleration of 20 km/h²?
Development
Data: v0= 0 km/h vf= 60 km/h a = 20 km/h²
Applying:
vf = v0+ a.t vf= a.t t = vf/a t = (60 km/h) / (20 km/h²) t=3h
Problem No. 20) A vehicle starts from rest with a constant acceleration of 20 m/s².
Calculate:
a) What speed will it have after 15 s?
b) What distance did he cover in those 15 seconds?
Development
Datos: v0= 0 m/s a = 20 m/s² t = 15 s
Equations:
vf= v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (1):
vf =(20 m/s²) × (15 s) vf300 m/s
b) From equation (2):
x = v0.t + a.t²/2 x = a.t²/2 x = (20 m/s²) · (15 s)² / 2 x = 2250 m
Problem No. 21) A car starts from rest, at 5 s it has a speed of 90 km/h, if its
acceleration is constant, calculate:
a) How much is the acceleration worth?
b) What distance did he travel in those 5 seconds?
c) What speed will it have at 11 s?
Development
Data: v0= 0 km/h = 0 m/s vf= 90 km/h = (90 km/h).(1000 m/1 km).(1 h/3600 s) = 25 m/s
t=5s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (1):
vf= a.t t = vf/a a = (25 m/s)/(5 s) a = 5 m/s²
b) From equation (2):
x = v0.t + a.t²/2 x = a.t²/2 x = (5 m/s²) * (5 s)² / 2 x = 62,5 m
c) for t = 11 s we apply equation (1):
vf =(5 m/s²)·(11 s) vf= 55 m/s
Problem number 22) A motorcyclist starts from rest and takes 10 s to cover 20 m. What time
What will be needed to reach 40 km/h?
Development
Data: v0= 0 m/s t = 10 s x = 20 m
vf2 40 km/h = (40 km/h) . (1000 m/1 km) . (1 h/3600 s) = 11.11 m/s
Equations:
vf= v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
From equation (1):
vf= a.t t = vf/a (3)
Replacing (3) in (2):
x = (vf/t).t²/2 x = vvf=f.t/2
2.x/t vf= 2.(20 m)/(10 s) vf= 4 m/s
With this data, we apply the equation (1) again:
a = (4 m/s) / (10 s) a = 0.4 m/s²
Finally, with the given acceleration and final velocity:
vf2= v0+ a.t vf2= a.t t = vf2/a t = (11,11 m/s)/(0,4 m/s²)
t= 27,77 s
Problem No. 23) A vehicle moves with uniform accelerated motion starting from rest with an acceleration of
51840 km/h ², calculate:
a) What speed will it have in 10 s?
b) What distance will have been covered at 32 s from the start?
c) Graphically represent the velocity as a function of time.
Development
Data: v0= 0 km/h = 0 m/s t1= 10 s t2= 32 s
a = 51840 km/h² = (51840 km/h²).(1000 m/1 km).(1 h/3600 s).(1 h/3600 s) = 4 m/s²
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (1):
vf=(4 m/s²).(10 s) vf= 40 m/s
b) From equation (2):
x = (4 m/s²).(32 s)²/2 x = 2048 m
c)
Problem No. 24) A car starts from rest with a constant acceleration of 30 m/s².
After 2 minutes, stop accelerating and continue at a constant speed, determine:
a) How many km did he travel in the first 2 minutes?
b) What distance will have been covered after 2 hours from departure?
Development
Data: v0= 0 m/s a = 30 m/s² t1= 2 min = 120 s t2= 2 h = 7200 s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (2):
x1= (30 m/s ²).(120 s) ²/2 x1= 216000 m x1= 216 km
b) From equation (1) we find the speed at 2 minutes:
vf (30 m/s²) . (120 s) vf= 3600 m/s
From now on the speed is constant, therefore:
v = 3600 m/s
but vf= v0for the second part and for a time of:
t = t2- t1 t = 7200 s - 120 s t = 7080 s
First, we calculate the distance traveled at a constant speed:
x2 is a verb x2(3600 m/s) * (7080 s) x2= 25488000 m x225488 km
Now we calculate the distance traveled during the 7200 s by adding both distances:
x = x1+ x2216000 m + 25488000 m = 25704000 m x = 25704 km
Problem No. 25) A car traveling at a constant speed of 120 km/h takes 10 s.
to stop. Calculate:
a) What space did it need to stop?
b) At what speed would it collide with another vehicle located 30 m from the place where it applied the
brakes?
Development
Data:
v0 120 km/h = (120 km/h) × (1000 m/1 km) × (1 h/3600 s) = 33.33 m/s
vf= 0 km/h = 0 m/s t = 10 s
Equations:
(1) vf = v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (1):
vf= v0 + a.t 0 = v0 + a.t a = -v0/t a = (-33.33 m/s) / (10 s) a = -3,33 m/s ²
With this data, we apply equation (2):
x = (33.33 m/s) * (10 s) + (-3.33 m/s²) * (10 s)² / 2 x = 166.83 m
b) For x2= 30 m and with the previous acceleration, it is advisable to apply the optional equation:
vf² - v0² = 2.a.x vf² = v0² + 2.a.x vf² = (33.33 m/s)² + 2.(-3.33 m/s²).(30 m)
vf 30.18 m/s vf 106.66 km/h
Problem No. 26) A cyclist who is going at 30 km/h applies the brakes and manages to stop the bike in 4
seconds. Calculate:
a) What deceleration did the brakes produce?
b) What space do I need to stop?
Development
Data:
v030 km/h = (30 km/h).(1000 m/1 km).(1 h/3600 s) = 8.33 m/s
vf= 0 km/h = 0 m/s t=4s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (1):
vf= v0+ a.t 0 = v0+ a.t a = -v0/t a = (-8.33 m/s) / (4 s) a = -2,08 m/s²
b) With the previous data, we apply equation (2):
x = (8.33 m/s) * (4 s) + (-2.08 m/s²) * (4 s)² / 2 x = 16,67 m
Problem no. 27) An airplane, when it touches the runway, activates all braking systems, which it
They generate a deceleration of 20 m/s², need 100 meters to stop. Calculate:
a) At what speed does it touch the runway?
b) How long did it take to stop the plane?
Development
Datos: a = - 20 m/s² x = 100 m vf= 0 m/s
a) Applying:
vf² - v0² = 2.a.x 0 - v0² = 2.a.x v0² = - 2.(-20 m/s²).(100 m) vf63.25 m/s
b) Applying:
vf = v0 + a.t 0 = v0+ a.t t = -v0/a t = -(63.25 m/s)/(-20 m/s²) t = 3.16 s
Problem No. 28) A truck is decreasing its speed uniformly from 100 km/h.
at 50 km/h. If in order to do this he had to brake for 1,500 m. Calculate:
a) What deceleration did the brakes produce?
b) How much time did it take to brake?
Development
Data: v0100 km/h = (100 km/h).(1000 m/1 km).(1 h/3600 s) = 27.78 m/s
vf50 km/h = (50 km/h) × (1000 m/1 km) × (1 h/3600 s) = 13.89 m/s x = 1.500 m
a) Applying:

a = -0.193 m/s²
b) Applying:
vf= v0+ a.t t = (vf - v0) / a t = (27.78 m/s - 13.89 m/s)/(- 0.193 m/s²) t = 72 s
Problem No. 29) The bullet of a rifle, whose barrel measures 1.4 m, leaves with a speed of 1,400
m/s. Calculate:
a) What acceleration does the bullet experience?
b) How long does it take to come out of the rifle?
Development
Data: v0= 0 m/s vf 1400 m/s x = 1.4 m
a) Applying:

a = 700000 m/s²
b) Applying:
vf = v0+ a.t t = vf/a t = (1400 m/s)/(700000 m/s²) t = 0.002 s
Problem No. 30) A vehicle moving at a constant speed applies the brakes during
25 s, and travels a distance of 400 m until it stops. Determine:
a) What speed did the vehicle have before applying the brakes?
b) What deceleration did the brakes produce?
Development
Datos: t = 25 s x = 400 m vf= 0 m/s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (1):
vf= v0+ a.t 0 = v0+ a.t a = -v0/t (3)
Replacing (3) in (2):
x = v0.t + a.t²/2 x = v0.t + (-v0/t).t²/2 x = v0.t - v0.t/2 x = v0.t/2 v0= 2.x/t
vf 2.(400 m)/(25 s) vf32 m/s
b) With this data we apply equation (1) again:
a = (-32 m/s) / (25 s) a = -1.28 m/s²

Problema n° 31)Un auto marcha a una velocidad de 90 km/h. El conductor aplica los frenos
At the moment he sees the well and reduces his speed to 1/5 of the initial speed in 4 seconds.
It takes time to reach the well. Determine how far from the obstacle the driver applied the brakes.
assuming that the acceleration was constant.
Development
Data: v090 km/h = (90 km/h).(1000 m/1 km).(1 h/3600 s) = 25 m/s
vf= 0,2.25 m/s = 5 m/s t=4s
Equations:
(1) vf = v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
From equation (1):
vf= v0+ a.t a = (vf- v0) / t a = (25 m/s - 5 m/s) / (4 s) a = 5 m/s²
With the acceleration and equation (2):
x = (25 m/s) * (4 s) + (5 m/s²) * (4 s)² / 2 x = 60 m
Problem No. 32) A car starts from rest with a constant acceleration of 3 m/s².
determine:
a) What speed will it have after 8 seconds of having started the movement?
b) What distance will it have traveled in that time?
Development
Datos: a = 3 m/s² t=8s v0= 0 m/s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
a) From equation (1):
vf(3 m/s²)·(8 s) vf= 24 m/s
b) From equation (2):
x = (3 m/s²) * (8 s)² / 2 x = 96 m
Problem No. 33) Graph, in the braking motion of a car, V = f(t). Assume a = -1
m/s² and V0= 10 m/s. From the graph, calculate the time it takes to come to a stop.
Development
Datos: a = -1 m/s² v0 = 10 m/s
The graph is:
As acceleration is the slope of the line:
t = 10 s
Problem No. 34) A mobile object moves along the "x" axis with uniformly accelerated motion.
The position at time t0= 0 s es x0= 10 m; its initial velocity is v0= 8 m/s and its
aceleración a = -4 m/s ². Escribir las ecuaciones horarias del movimiento; graficar la posición,
speed and acceleration as a function of time; and calculate (a) position, (b) speed, and (c)
acceleration for tf = 2 s.
Development
Data: t0 = 0 s x0 = 10 m v0= 8 m/s a = -4 m/s²
Equations:
(1) vf = v0+ a.t (2) x = v0.t + a.t²/2
The time equations are:
vf= 8 m/s + (-4 m/s²).t x = 10 m + (8 m/s).t + (-4 m/s²).t²/2
Using the time equations for t = 2 s:
a) x = 18 m
b) vf= 0 m/s
0 m/s²
Problem No. 35) Analyze the straight-line movements represented in the following
graphics:

If the position at t = 0 is 5 m for movement a and 50 km for movement b, express analytically.

the equations of motion based on the data included in the graphs.
Development
Data: x0a = 5 m x0b = 50 km
It is a uniformly decelerated motion.
The acceleration is obtained from the slope of each line.
The equations for (a) are:
vf= 20 m/s + (-2.67 m/s²).t x = 5 m + (20 m/s).t + (-2.67 m/s²).t²/2
The equations for (b) are:
vf = 200 km/h + (-20 km/h²).t x = 50 km + (200 km/h)*t + (-20 km/h²)*t²/2
Problem No. 36) A car travels at a rate of 60 km/h and passes another one that is going at 45 km/h.
What is the speed of the first one in relation to the second?
Data:
v1= 60 km/h v245 km/h vr= v1v2vr= 60 km/h - 45 km/h vr15 km/h
Problem No. 37) A boat crosses the river perpendicularly to the current with a
speed of 12 m/s. If the speed of the water current is 4 m/s, what is the speed
from the boat with respect to the shore?
Data: vboat12 m/s vriver= 4 m/s
Due to the action of the river current, the boat moves diagonally.

Problem No. 38) Calculate the time spent in the case of the previous problem if the river has
80 meters wide.
Datos:xriver= 80 m v = x/t t = x/v t = (80 m)/(12 m/s) t = 6.67 s
Problem No. 39) An airplane is flying from north to south at a speed of 280 km/h. If it is blowing
south to north wind at a speed of 85 km/h, how long does it take for the plane to cover a
distance of 800 km?
Data:vairplane280 km/h v wind85 km/h x = 800 km
vr= vairplane-vwindvr= 280 km/h - 85 km/h vr195 km/h v = x/t t = x/v
t = (800 km) / (195 km/h) t = 4.1026 h
Problem No. 40) A swimmer crosses the river perpendicular to it, if their speed is
6,5 m/s y la del agua es de 3,6 m/s, ¿cuál es la velocidad resultante?.
Data: vswimmer= 6.5 m/s vriver= 3.6 m/s

vf7.43 m/s
Problem No. 41) A cyclist traveling at a speed of 50 km/h faces a headwind of
18 km/h, ¿qué distancia recorrerá en 1200 s?.
Data: vcyclist50 km/h vwind= 18 km/h t = 1200 s

vr= vcyclist-vwindvr50 km/h - 18 km/h

vr32 km/h = (32 km/h) * (1000 m/km) * (1 h/3600 s) = 8.89 m/s
v = x/t x = v.t x = (8.89 m/s) * (1200 s) x = 10666.7 m
Problem number 42) A boat moving south at a speed of 1 m/s is attacked.
on the other hand, with a torpedo fired at a constant speed of 3 m/s to the east.
West, at what speed does the ship see the torpedo approaching?
Data: vboat1 m/s vtorpedo = 3 m/s
Problem No. 43) A rower observes a tower on the other side of the river, right in front of his dock;
crosses the river perpendicularly to the shore at a speed of 3 km/h and reaches the other shore at
600 m from the tower. Calculate the speed of the current if the width of the river is 200 m.
Datos: vrower= 3 km/h x river= 200 m yriver= 600 m
The scheme is:

To cross the river takes:

v = x/t t = x/v t = (0,200 km)/(3 km/h) t = 0.067 h
What is the same time it takes to cover the 600 m, therefore the speed of the river is:
v = x/t v = (0.600 km)/(0.067 h) v = 9 km/h
Problem No. 44) On a summer day when there is no wind, a downpour occurs,
so that the droplets of water follow vertical paths. The driver of a car that
driving at 10 km/h sees the drops coming vertically toward the windshield. Knowing that the
The windshield forms an angle of 60° with the horizontal, determine:
a) The speed at which raindrops descend as seen from the ground.
b) The speed at which they hit the windshield.
Data: vcar10 km/h α = 60°
The scheme is:

If the driver sees that the drops hit vertically (perpendicular) to the windshield and this
it has an inclination of 60°, which means that the drops have an inclination of 30° with the
horizontal.
a) tg α = vy/vcarv [Link] α = vyvy= (10 km/h).tan 30° vy5.77 km/h
Then:

vgotta11.55 km/h
b) 5.77 km/h
Problem No. 45) A small plane whose speed relative to the air is 205 km/h flies over the
city A, heading towards city B located 400 km north of A. The meteorological office
on land informs that the wind blows from East to West at 45 km/h.
a) Determine the direction in which the plane moves under those conditions.
b) Find the angle that must be deviated from its course to effectively move towards B,
assuming that the speeds remain constant.
c) Find out how long it will take to arrive.
Data: vr= 205 km/h x = 400 km vwind= 45 km/h

a) The direction with respect to north is:

tg α = vwind/vairplane α = arctan(vwind/vairplane) α = arctan [(45 km/h)/(205 km/h)]
α = 12° 22´ 51"
b) The scheme is:

sin α = vwind/vairplaneα = arcsin (vwind/vairplane ) α = arcsin [(45 km/h)/(205 km/h)]

α = 12° 40' 49" In NE direction
c) We must calculate the speed in the S-N direction:

vSN= 200 km/h

Then:
v = x/t t = x/v t = (400 km) / (209.88 km/h) t=2h
Problem No. 46) Between the docks A and B that are on the same bank of a straight canal
there is a distance of 400 m. A rowing boat takes 40 s to go from A to B, and 50 s to
return. Considering the modules of the boat's speeds with respect to the water as constant.
and from the current regarding the shore, find the values of the same.
DataAB= 40 s t BA= 50 s x = 400 m

It is observed that the current flows from B to A.

ida) vrower- vc= vABvc=vrower-vAB
)v returnrower+ vc= vBAvc=BA-vrower
Equalizing:
v oarsman-vAB=BA-vrower [Link]=vAB+vBAv rower= (vAB+ vBA) / 2
v rower[(400 m/40 s) + (400 m/50 s)]/2 v rower= 9 m/s
With this value:
vc= vrower-vAB vc= 9 m/s - (400 m/40 s) vc-1 m/s (for the outbound trip)
Problem No. 47) Two points AyBestán are separated by a distance of 100 m. In the same
At the moment, two vehicles are passing, one from A to B and the other from B to A, with uniform rectilinear motion.
in such a way that one of them takes 2 seconds to reach point B while the other takes 1.5 seconds to reach point A.
Find:
a) The meeting point.
b) The moment of the encounter.
Development
Data: dAB= 100 m t AB= 2 s t BA1.5 s
Equations:
v AB=dAB/tAB(1) vBA=dAB/tBA(2)
The graph:

a) For the meeting point:

dAB=dAO+dBO(3)
Point "O" being the meeting point.
Since both start their movement at the same moment, the meeting time is the
the same for both mobiles.
t AO=tBO=tE
For the meeting, equations (1) and (2) remain:
v AB=dAO/tE d AB/tAB=dAO/tE v BA=dBO/tE d AB/tBA=dBO/tE
We clear (tE) and then we equate:
t E=[Link]/d AB(4) tE=[Link]/dAB(5) t [Link]/d AB=[Link]/dABt AB.d AO=[Link]
From equation (3):
dAO=dAB- dBO t AB.(dAB- dBO) =tBA.d BOt [Link]=[Link]
t [Link]=[Link]+[Link] [Link](tAB+tBA).d BO d BO=[Link]/(tAB+tBA)
dBO(2 s)(100 m)/(2 s + 1.5 s) d BO57.14 m (from point B)
ó d AO= 42.86 m (from point A)
b) Using equation (4) or (5):
t E=(2 s)·(42.86 m)/(100 m) t E0.86 s
Problem No. 48) Solve the previous problem, assuming that the first mobile started 0.1 s earlier.
before the other.
Development
Datos:dAB= 100 m tAB = 2 s tBA1.5 s
Equations:
v AB=dAB/tAB(1) vBA=dAB/tBA(2)
The time taken by mobile 'A' to cover the 100 m is the same, it just started.
0.1 s earlier, therefore when the object 'B' starts its journey, the object 'A' has already traveled
certain space. From equation (1):
v AB100 m / 2 s vAB= 50 m/s
The initial distance is:
Δd = vAB.(0,1 s) Δd = (50 m/s) · (0.1 s) Δd = 5 m
a) For the meeting point:
dAB=dAO + 5 m + dBO3
With point 'O' being the meeting point.
As both start their movement at the same moment, the time of meeting is the
same for both phones.
t AO- 0.1 s = tBOtE
Then we continue as in exercise (1):
For the meeting, equations (1) and (2) remain:
v AB=dAO/tE dAB/tAB=dAO/tE v BA=dBO/tE d AB/tBA=dBO/tE
We clear (tE) and then we equate:
t E=[Link]/dAB(4) tE=[Link]/dAB(5) [Link]/dAB=[Link]/dABt [Link]=[Link]
From equation (3):
d AO=dAB- dBO5 m tAB.(d AB-dBO- 5 m) = [Link] [Link]-tAB.(5 m) = [Link]
t [Link]-tAB(5 m) = [Link]+tBA.d BOt AB.(dAB- 5 m) = (tAB+tBA).d BO
dBO=[Link](dAB- 5 m)/(tAB+tBA)dBO= (2 s)(100 m - 5 m)/(2 s + 1.5 s)
d BO= 54.29 m (from point B)
ó d AO= 45.71 m (from point A)
b) Using equation (4) or (5):
t E(1.5 s) * (54.29 m) / (100 m) t E0.81 s
Problem No. 49) A ball A is thrown with a velocity of 10 m/s at the same moment
but, 5 m further ahead, a ball B is thrown with a velocity of 8 m/s.
a) How much time later does ball A pass to ball B?
b) How far from the initial position of ball B?
Development
Data: vA= 10 m/s vB= 8 m/s d=5m
Equations:
v A=dA/tA(1)vB=B/tB(2)
For the distance dA- 5 m =dB(3)
The equations (1) and (2) for the meeting: vA=dA/tE(4) vB= (dA- 5 m)/tE(5)
a) Solving for dAand equating:
v [Link]=dA v [Link]+ 5 m = dAv [Link]=[Link]+ 5 m v [Link]= 5 m
(vA-vB).tE= 5 m tE= (5 m)/(vA-vB) t E=(5 m)/(10 m/s - 8 m/s) t E2.5 s
b) From equation (4):
dA=(10 m/s) × (2.5 s) dA= 25 m
From equation (3):
dB= 25 m - 5 m d B= 20 m
Problem No. 50) At the traffic light of a two-way avenue, a bus crosses with
a constant speed of 40 km/h and a truck with a constant speed of 45 km/h.
How long will it take for them to meet 30 blocks apart from each other?
Development
Datos:vA40 km/h vB= 45 km/h d = 30 cuadras = 3 km
Equations:
v A=dA/tA(1) v B=dB/tB(2) d = dA+dB d A= d - dB(3)
The time taken to move away is the same.
t A=tBt (4)
Equations (1) and (2) for the encounter:
v A= (d -dB)/t vB=dB/t
Clearing from both dBand equating:
v A= (d -dB)/t vA.t - d =dB v B=dB/t vB.t =dB v A.t - d =vB.t
v A.t - v B.t = d (vA-vB).t = d t = d/(vA-vB)
Considering that the speeds are opposite:
t = (3 km) / [40 km/h - (-45 km/h)] t = 0.035294 h t = 2 min 7 s
Problem No. 51) Two cyclists pass through a point at the same time with speeds
constants: 30 km/h and 15 km/h. What distance will separate them after 2 minutes?
Development
Data:
v A30 km/h = (30 km/h) × (1000 m/km) / (3600 s/h) = 8.33 m/s
v B = 15 km/h (15 km/h).(1000 m/km)/(3600 s/h) = 4.17 m/s t = 2 min = 120 s
Equations:
v A=dA/tA(1) v B=dB/tB(2)
Clearing the distance of (1) and (2):
v [Link]=dAd A(8.33 m/s) * (120 s) dA= 1000 m [Link]=dB
dB(4.17 m/s) * (120 s) dB= 500 m
The difference between the two is:
d = dA-dB d = 1000 m - 500 m d = 500 m
Problem No. 52) A plane departs from A to B at a constant speed of 500 km/h, to
at the same time another plane with the same direction but in the opposite direction takes off with
constant speed of 300 km/h. If points A and B are 1000 km apart, calculate:
a) How long will it take for them to cross each other?
b) How far from A will they achieve it?
Development
Data:vA= 500 km/h v B= 300 km/h d = 1000 km
Equations:
v A=dA/tA(1) v B=dB/tB(2)
As they depart at the same moment, the meeting time is equal for both:
t EA=tEB=tE(3)
Not so with distance:
dEA+dEB= d (4)
But:
dA=dB= d
The equations (1) and (2) are as follows:
v A=dEAError: No text provided
v Bto
=dtranslate.
EB/tE(6) And(5)

From (4):
dEA= d - dEB(7)
Replacing (7) in (5):
v A= (d -dEB)/tE(5) vB=dEB/tE(6)
Clearing from both tE:
t E= (d - dEB) / vA8 t E=dEB/vB(9)
Equating (8) and (9):
(d -dEB) / vA=dEB/vB [Link] -[Link]=[Link] [Link]=[Link]+[Link]
[Link]=dEB.(vB+ vA) d EB= [Link]/(v B+ vA)
dEB=(1000 km).(300 km/h)/(300 km/h + 500 km/h) dEB= 375 km (from B)
Using equation (7):
dEA= 1000 km - 375 km d EA625 km(answerb)
Using equation (9):
t E(375 km)/(300 km/h) tE1.25 h t E1 hour 15 minutes (response)
Problem No. 53) A ship departs from A heading to B at a speed of 80 km/h, after
3 hours later, another one leaves point B in the same direction as the first one but at a speed of 50.
km/h, if the distance between A and B is 500 km, calculate:
a) How much time after the second departure will they meet?
b) How far from B?
Development
Data: vA80 km/h vB50 km/h Δt = 3 h dAB500 km
Equations:
v A=dA/tA(1)vB=dB/tB(2) tEA=tEB+ 3 h = tE(3) dEA=dEB+ 500 km =dE(4)
Replacing:
v A=dEA/tEA v A(dEB+ 500 km)/(tEB+ 3 h)
a) Solving for dEB:
v A.(tEB+ 3 h) =dEB+ 500 km [Link]+ vA.3 h - 500 km = dEB v [Link]=dEB (5)
Equalizing:
v [Link]+ vA0.3 h - 500 km = vBtEB v [Link]= -vA.3 h + 500 km
(vA-vB).tEB= -vA.3 h + 500 km tEBInvalid inputA.3 h + 500 km)/(vA-vB)
t EB=-[(-80 km/h) * 3 h + 500 km] / (80 km/h - 50 km/h)
t EB= 8.67 h t EB=8 h 40 min
b) From equation (5):
dEB=(50 km/h) · (8.67 h) d EB= 433,33 km
Problem no. 54) A motorcyclist passes a traffic light at a constant speed of 50 km/h,
At the same moment, a truck passes through the same place and in the same direction at a speed
At a constant speed of 80 km/h, how long will it take for them to be 300 m apart?
Development
Data:vA50 km/h vB80 km/h d = 300 m = 0,3 km
Equations:
v A=dA/tA(1) vB=dB/tB2
The time is the same for both:
t A=tB= t d = dB- dAy dB= d + dA
The equations (1) and (2) are:
v A=dA/t vB= (d + dA) / t
Clearing dAand equating:
v A.t =dA v B.t - d = dA v A.t = vB.t – d -vA.t +vB.t = d
(vB-vA).t = d t = d/(vB-vA) t = (0.3 km) / (80 km/h - 50 km/h)
t = 0.1 h t = 36 s

OBLIQUE THROW
Problem No. 1) A pilot, flying horizontally at an altitude of 500 m and 1080 km/h, releases a
bomb. Calculate:
a) How long does it take to hear the explosion?
b) How far was the target?
It is remembered that in parabolic motion and oblique motion the movement along the 'x' axis is rectilinear.
uniform, while on the "y" axis it is uniformly varied (associate with vertical throw and free fall.
free)
Where not indicated, g = 10 m/s² is used.
Data: vx= 1080 km/h = 300 m/s g = 10 m/s². v0y= 0 m/s h = 500 m
Equations:
(1) vfy= v0y+ g.t (2) h = v0y.t + g.t²/2 (3) vx= Δx/Δt
The chart is:
The time it takes for the bomb to fall is calculated from equation (2):

t = 10 s
The distance traveled by the pump along the 'x' axis will be:
vx= x/t x = vx.t x = (300 m/s) × (10 s) x = 3000 m
This is the answer to point (b).
At the same moment the bomb touches the ground, the plane passes over it, that is, 500 m above.
the explosion.
If the speed of sound is 330 m/s:
vx= x/t t = x/vx t = (500 m) / (330 m/s) t = 1.52 s
The answer to point (a) is:
t = 10s + 1.52 s t = 11.52 s
Problem No. 2) An airplane flying at an altitude of 2000 m with a speed of 800 km/h drops
a bomb when located 5000 m from the target. Determine:
a) At what distance from the target does the bomb fall?
b) How long does it take for the bomb to reach the ground?
c) Where is the plane when the bomb explodes?
It is reminded that in parabolic and oblique projectile motion, the motion in the 'x' axis is rectilinear.
uniform, while on the 'y' axis it is uniformly varied (associate with vertical throwing and falling
free)
Where not stated, g = 10 m/s² is used.
Data: vx800 km/h = 222.22 m/s0y= 0 m/s h = 2000 m d = 5000 m
Equations:
(1) vfy= v0y+ g.t (2) h = v0y.t + g.t²/2 (3) vx= Δx/Δt
The chart is:
a) First we calculate the time it takes to fall, from equation (2):
h = g.t²/2 t = √2.h/g

t = 20 s
Then with equation (3) we obtain the point of impact:
vx = x/t x = vx.t x =(222.22 m/s) × (20 s) x = 444.44 m
Therefore, the projectile falls to:
d = 5000 m - 444.44 m d = 555.55 m
b) It is the time found earlier:
t = 20 s
c) About the bomb, both maintain the same speed on the 'x' axis.
Problem No. 3) A projectile is launched from a 20 m high cliff.
parallel to the river, it impacts the water 2000 m from the shooting location. Determine:
a) What was the initial speed of the projectile?
b) How long did it take to touch the water?
It is remembered that in parabolic and oblique throw, the motion on the 'x' axis is rectilinear.
uniform, while on the 'y' axis it is uniformly varied (associated with vertical projectiles and free fall
free)
Where not indicated, g = 10 m/s ² is used.
Data: v0y= 0 m/s h = 20 m d = 2000 m
Equations:
(1) vfy = v0y+ g.t (2) h = v0y.t + g.t²/2 (3) vx = Δx/Δt
The graph is:

a) From equation (3) we isolate the time:

t = x/vx(4)
and we replace (4) in (2):

vx= 1000 m/s

b) From equation (4):
t = x/vx t = (2000 m)/(1000 m/s) t=2s
Problem No. 4) A ball is rolling with constant velocity on a 2 m table.
height, 0.5 s after having fallen off the table is 0.2 m from it. Calculate:
a) What speed was it going?
b) How far from the table will it be when it reaches the ground?
c) What was its distance from the ground at 0.5 s?
It is remembered that in parabolic motion and oblique motion, the movement along the 'x' axis is rectilinear.
uniform, while in the 'y' axis it is uniformly varied (associate with vertical throw and fall
free).
Where not indicated, g = 10 m/s² is used.
Data: v0y= 0 m/s h = 2 m t = 0.5 s d = 0.2 m
Equations:
(1) vfy= v0y+ g.t (2) h = v0y.t + g.t²/2 (3) vx= Δx/Δt
The graph is:

a) From equation (3):

vx(0.2 m)/(0.5 s) vx0.4 m/s
b) From equation (2) we find the time it takes to fall:
h = g.t²/2 t = √2.h/g
We substitute in equation (3):

x = 0.253 m
c) Applying equation (2) we obtain the distance traveled:
h = g.t²/2 h = (10 m/s²) × (0.5 s)² / 2 h = 1,25 m
Therefore, it will be 0.75 m off the ground.
Problem No. 5) An airplane flies horizontally with speed vA= 900 km/h at a height of
At 2000 m, release a bomb that must hit a ship whose speed is v.B= 40 km/h with equal
direction and sense. Determine:
a) How long does it take for the bomb to hit the ship?
b) At what speed does the bomb reach the ship?
c) What distance does the ship cover from launch to impact?
d) What will be the horizontal distance between the plane and the boat at the moment of launch?
What will be the horizontal distance between the plane and the boat at the moment of impact?
It is reminded that in parabolic motion and oblique motion, the movement in the 'x' axis is rectilinear.
uniform, while on the 'y' axis it is uniformly varied (associate with vertical projectile and fall)
(free).
Where not indicated, use g = 10 m/s².
DataA0y= 0 m/s vAx= 900 km/h = 250 m/s vBx40 km/h = 11.11 m/sA= 2000 m
Equations:
(1) vfy = v0y+ g.t (2) h = v0y.t + g.t²/2 (3) vx= Δx/Δt
The graph is:

a) From equation (2):

h = g.t²/2 t = √2.h/g

t = 20 s
b) With the time found and equation (1):
v fAy= g.t vfAy(10 m/s²) · (20 s) vfAy= 200 m/s
Of course the speed in 'x':
vAx= 250 m/s
c) With the same impact time and equation (3):
xA= vx.t xA(11,11 m/s) x (20 s) xA222.22 m
d) We simply calculate the distance traveled by the plane in 20 seconds using the equation
(1):
xB= vx.t xB(250 m/s) * (20 s) xB 5000 m
The difference with the result in (c) is the answer:
d = xB- xAd = 5000 m - 222.22 m d = 4777,78 m
Of course, the distance between the airplane and the ship at the moment of impact is 0 m.

VERTICAL SHOT
Problem No. 1) A body is thrown vertically downward with an initial speed of 7.
m/s.
a) What will be its speed after descending for 3 seconds?
b) How far will it have descended in those 3 seconds?
c) What will be its speed after descending 14 m?
d) If the body was launched from a height of 200 m, how long will it take to reach the ground?
e) At what speed will he do it?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
 Data: v0= 7 m/s t = 3 s y = 200 m h = 14 m
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) From equation (1):
vf= (7 m/s) + (10 m/s²)·(3 s) vf = 37 m/s
b) From equation (2):
Δh = (7 m/s) * (3 s) + (10 m/s²) * (3 s)² / 2 Δ h = 66 m
c) From equation (3):

vf= 18,14 m/s

d) From equation (2):
0 = v0.t + g.t²/2 - y
We apply the quadratic equation that will yield two results:

t1= 5.66 s t2-7.06 s (NOT A SOLUTION)

e) From equation (3):

vf 63.63 m/s
Problem No. 2) A body is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 100
m/s, after 4 seconds of the launch, its speed is 60 m/s.
a) What is the maximum height reached?
b) In what time does the mobile cover that distance?
c) How long does it take to return to the starting point after I launch it?
d) How long does it take to reach heights of 300 m and 600 m?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0= 100 m/s vf= 60 m/s t = 4 s y1300 m y2600 m
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) For the maximum height vf= 0, from equation (3):
-v0² = 2.g.h hmax= -vf²/(2.g) hmax= - (100 m/s)² / [2.(-10 m/s²)] h max500 m
b) From equation (1) and for vf= 0:
t = v0/g t = (-100 m/s) / (-10 m/s²) t = 10 s
c) Let's remember that in vertical launch, when an object is thrown upwards and then falls,
When it passes through the starting point again, it has the same speed as at that moment.
of the launch but in the opposite directionf-v0).
We can assure that the requested result is twice the time it took to achieve the
maximum height.
t = 20 s
e) It cannot reach a height of 600 m because the maximum is 500 m. For h = 300 m
we use equation (2):
0 = v0.t + g.t²/2 - y
We apply the quadratic equation which will give two results:
t1= 3.68 s t2= 16.32 s (NOT A SOLUTION)
Problem No. 3) An observer situated 40 m above sees an object moving upward with
a certain speed and after 10 s you see it pass downwards, with an equal speed
module but in a different sense.
a) What was the initial speed of the mobile?
b) What was the maximum height reached?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Datos: t = 10 s y = 40 m
Equations:
(1) vf = v0 + g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) The 10 seconds consist of 5 seconds until reaching maximum height (vf= 0) y 5 s to return, from
the equation (1):
0 = v0+ g.t v0= -g.t v0 =-(-10 m/s²).(5 s) v0= 50 m/s
b) From equation (2):
y = (50 m/s) * (5 s) + (1/2) * (-10 m/s²) * (5 s)² y = 125 m
Problem No. 4) From the 5th floor of a building, a stone is thrown vertically upwards.
At a speed of 90 km/h, how long will it take to reach the maximum height?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0= 90 km/h v0= 25 m/s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
For vf = 0 we use equation (1):
0 = v0+ g.t t = -v0/g t = -(-250 m²/s³) t = 2,5 s
Problem No. 5) A car crashes at 60 km/h into a solid wall, from what height would it have originated?
What to let it fall to produce the same effect?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: vf= 60 km/h vf 16.67 m/s v0= 0 m/s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
From equation (3):
vf²/2.g = h h = (16.67 m/s)² / [2.(-10 m/s²)] h = 13,9 m
Problem No. 6) A ball is thrown upwards and is caught after 2 seconds, calculate:
a) What speed was it launched with?
What height did it reach?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: t = 2 s
Equations:
(1) vf = v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) The 2 s consist of 1 s until reaching the maximum height (vf= 0) y 1 s for return, from
the equation (1):
0 = v0+ g.t v0= -g.t v0=-(-10 m/s²).(1 s) v0= 10 m/s
b) From equation (2):
y = (10 m/s)·(1 s) + (1/2)·(-10 m/s²)·(1 s)² y=5m
Problem No. 7) A tennis ball is thrown downwards from a tower with a speed of
5 m/s.
a) What speed will the ball have after 7 s?
b) What distance will have been covered in that time?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0= 5 m/s t=7s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0 + g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) From equation (1):
vf= 5 m/s + (10 m/s²).(7 s) vf= 75 m/s
b) From equation (2):
y = (5 m/s).(7 s) + (1/2).(10 m/s²).(7 s)² y = 280 m
Problem No. 8) A stone is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 25 m/s,
What height will it reach?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0= 25 m/s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf2 - v0² = 2.g.h
For the maximum height vf= 0, from equation (3):
-v0² = 2.g.h h max= -vf²/(2.g) hmax= -(25 m/s)²/[2.(-10 m/s²)] h max31.25 m
Problem number 9) A boy shoots a rock with a slingshot, vertically upwards, from
the ground floor of a building. A friend located on the 7th floor (21 m) sees the stone passing by with a
speed of 3 m/s. Calculate:
a) How high does the stone rise above the ground?
b) What speed will the stone have one second after being launched?
c) How long will it take to reach the maximum height from the 7th floor?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0= 3 m/s h = 21 m t=1s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) For the maximum height vf= 0, from equation (3):
-v0² = 2.g.h hmax= -v0²/(2.g) hmax= - (3 m/s)² / [2 . (-10 m/s²)] hmax= 0.45 m
Then the total height is:
hT21 m + 0.45 m h = 21,45 m
b) For this, we first calculate the initial velocity using equation (3):
v0² = -2.g.h v0² = -2.(-10 m/s²).(21.45 m) v020.71 m/s
With this data and equation (1):
vf = 20.71 m/s + (-10 m/s²) * (1 s) vf10.71 m/s
c) From equation (1) and for vf = 0:
t = -v0/g t = -(3 m/s)/(-10 m/s²) t = 0.3 s
Problem No. 10) A body is thrown vertically upward, reaching a speed of
8 m/s upon reaching a third of its maximum height.
a) What maximum height will it reach?
b) What is your initial speed?
What is the average speed during the first second of the movement?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0= 8 m/s h = 1/[Link] m t=1s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) For the maximum height vf= 0, from equation (3):
-v0² = 2.g.h hmax=0²/(2.g) hmax= - (8 m/s)² / [2.(-10 m/s²)]
hmax3.2 m (corresponds to 2/3 of the total height).
Then the total height is:
hT= 3.2 m + 3.2 m/2 h = 4,8 m
b) Through equation (3):
v0² = -2.g.h v0² = -2.(-10 m/s²).(4.8 m) v09.8 m/s
c) First we calculate the total time using equation (1) and for vf= 0:
t = -v0g t = -(9.8 m/s)/(-10 m/s²) t = 0.98 s
With this result, we observe that the time taken to reach the maximum height from the
the ground is less than 1 s, therefore we cannot respond to point (c).
Problem No. 11) A body is thrown vertically upward in such a way that after 4 seconds
return to the starting point. Calculate the speed with which it was launched.
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Datos: t = 4 s
Equations:
(1) vf = v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
If it returns to the starting point in 4 seconds, it means it took 2 seconds to reach the maximum height (vf
= 0), through the equation (1):
0 = v0+ g.t v0= -g.t v010 m/s² for 2 s v0= 20 m/s
Problem No. 12) From a balloon, at a height of 175 m above the ground and ascending with a
speed of 8 m/s, an object is released. Calculate:
a) The maximum height achieved by this.
b) The position of the object after 5 seconds.
c) The speed of the object after 5 s.
d) The time it takes to reach the ground.
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0= 8 m/s h = 175 m t = 5 s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) For the maximum height vf = 0, from equation (3):
-v0² = 2.g.h hmax-v0²/(2.g)hmax- (8 m/s)² / [2.(-10 m/s²)] hmax= 3.2 m
Then the total height is:
hT3.2 m + 175 m h = 178,2 m
b) First we calculate the time it takes to reach the maximum height using equation (1)
and for vf = 0:
t = -v0/g t = -(8 m/s) / (-10 m/s²) t = 0.8 s
Then we calculate what happened in the remaining 4.2 seconds and take v.0= 0 m/s, that is
we start at the point of maximum height, we apply equation (2):
y = g.t²/2 y = (-10 m/s²).(4.2 s)²/2 y = -88.2 m (falls 88.2 m from the maximum height).
The position will be:
y = 178.2 m - 88.2 m y = 90 m
c) Using equation (1) and continuing with the modality of the previous point:
vf= g.t vf -10 m/s² * 4.2 s vf- 42 m/s
d) Using equation (2) and continuing with the modality of point (b):
y = g.t²/2 t² = 2.y/g t² = 2.(178.2 m)/(10 m/s²) t = 5.97 s
The total time is:
tT= 5.97 s + 0.8 s tT= 6.77 s
Problem No. 13) An object is thrown vertically upward and passes through a point at 36 m,
below the starting point, 6 seconds after being thrown.
a) What was the initial speed of the body?
b) What height did it reach above the launch point?
c) What will be the speed when passing through a point located 25 m below it?
launch?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Datos: h = 36 m t = 6 s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0 + g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) Considering that the speed at the starting point is equal to the
initial speed in the opposite direction.
Adapting equation (1) for what happened between the launch and the return to the starting point.
The time of 6 s is made up of the time it takes to reach the maximum height, plus the
time it takes to return to the starting point, plus the time spent falling 36 m
under the starting point, presenting equations (1) and (2) for each stage:
Climbing:
(1) 0 = v01+ g.t1 (2) y1= v01.t1+ g.t1²/2
Return:
(1) vf2 = g.t2 (2) y2= g.t2²/2
Descending 36 m:
(1) vf3= v03+ g.t3(2) y3= v03.t3+ g.t32/2
Then:
t1+ t2+ t3= 6s
and what:
t1= t2
therefore:
2.t1+ t3= 6s
We also know that:
v03= vf2=-v01
Replacing in equation (2) of "descending 36 m":
y3-v01.t3+ g.t3²/2
Continuing:

t31.2 s t1(6 s - 1.2 s)/2 t1= 2.4 s t2= 2.4 s

With equation (1) of 'Rising':
v01= -g.t1v01∑ = -(-10 m/s²) × (2.4 s) v0124 m/s
b) With equation (2) of 'Ascent':
y1= (24 m/s) * (2.4 s) + (-10 m/s²) * (2.4 s)² / 2 y128.8 m
c) With equation (3):
vf² = (24 m/s)² + 2.(10 m/s²).(25 m) vf= 32.8 m/s (downward)
Problem No. 14) An object is dropped from a balloon that is descending at a speed
constant of 12 m/s. Calculate:
a) The speed acquired after 10s.
b) The distance traveled after 10 s.
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v012 m/s t = 10 s
Equations:
(1) vf = v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) From equation (1):
vf = 12 m/s + (10 m/s²) × (10 s) vf112 m/s
b) De la ecuación (2):
y = (12 m/s) * (10 s) + (10 m/s²) * (10 s)² / 2 y = 620 m
Problem No. 15) A ball is thrown from the top of a lighthouse 80 m high, with a
initial speed of 4 m/s downwards.
a) How long does it take to reach the ground?
b) At what speed does it arrive?
c) What height is it at after 2 seconds of being thrown?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0 = 4 m/s h = 80 m
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) From equation (2):
0 = v0.t + g.t²/2 - y
We apply the quadratic equation which will give two results:

t1= 3.62 s t2-4.42 s (IS NOT A SOLUTION)

b) From equation (1):
vf= 4 m/s + (10 m/s²).(3.62 s) vf = 40.20 m/s
c) Using equation (2):
y = (4 m/s).(2 s) + (10 m/s²).(2 s)²/2 y = 28 m (descendió)
The height is:
h = 80 m - 28 m h = 52 m
Problem No. 16) A stone is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 250 m/s,
determine:
a) What is the speed at 4 s?.
b) What height did it reach in those 4 seconds?
c) How long will it take to reach the maximum height?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0= 250 m/s t = 4 s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) From equation (1):
vf = 250 m/s + (-10 m/s²).(4 s) vf= 210 m/s
b) Using equation (2):
y = (250 m/s) * (4 s) + (-10 m/s²) * (4 s)² / 2 y = 920 m
c) For the maximum height vf= 0, from equation (1):
t = -v0-(250 m/s)/(-10 m/s²) t = 25 s
Problem no. 17) Determine the initial velocity of a body thrown upward and that
reaches a maximum height of 48 m.
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Datos:hmax48 m
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf2 - v0² = 2.g.h
From equation (3) and for vf= 0:
-v0² = 2.g.h v0² = -2.g.h v0² = -2.(-10 m/s²).(48 m) v0 30.98 m/s
Problem number 18) From a bridge, a stone is launched vertically downward with a
speed of 8 m/s, if the stone takes 2.5 s to reach the water, determine:
a) At what speed does it reach the water?
b) What is the height of the bridge?
Use g = 10 m/s².
Development
Data: v0 = 8 m/s t = 2.5 s
Equations:
(1) vf= v0+ g.t (2) y = v0.t + g.t²/2 (3) vf² - v0² = 2.g.h
a) From equation (1):
vf = 8 m/s + (10 m/s²)·(2.5 s) vf = 33 m/s
b) Using equation (2):
y = (8 m/s).(2.5 s) + (10 m/s²).(2.5 s)²/2 y = 51.25 m