SCIENCE SSC CGL REVISION SHEET

Physics – SSC CGL High-Yield + Most Repeated Questions

Top Questions per Topic (with answers)

Mechanics

1. Newton’s 2nd Law? → F = ma

2. Unit of force? → N
3. Work formula? → W = F × d
4. K.E.? → ½mv²
5. P.E.? → mgh
6. Gravitation formula? → F = G(m₁m₂)/r²
7. Escape velocity? → √(2gR)
8. Acceleration due to gravity? → 9.8 m/s²
9. Difference mass vs weight? → m = kg, W = mg
10. Power? → P = W/t

Heat & Thermodynamics

1. 1st Law? → ΔU = Q − W
2. Q = mcΔT → Specific heat formula
3. Thermal expansion? → ΔL = αLΔT
4. Work done in isothermal process? → W = nRT ln(Vf/Vi)
5. Cp − Cv = R
6. Modes of heat transfer? → Conduc on, Convec on, Radia on
7. Unit of heat? → Joule
8. Coefficient of linear expansion unit? → 1/K
9. Is first law universal? → Yes
10. Heat engine efficiency formula? → η = W/Qh

Waves & Sound

1. Speed of sound in air? → 343 m/s

2. Sound type? → Longitudinal
3. Doppler formula? → f’ = f(v ± vo)/(v ∓ vs)
4. Audible range? → 20 Hz – 20 kHz
5. Unit of frequency? → Hz
6. Resonance? → Max amplitude at natural freq
7. Intensity formula? → I = P/A
8. Beats? → Superposi on of close frequencies
9. Reflection & refraction? → Same as light
10. Mechanical vs EM wave?
Light & Optics

1. Lens formula? → 1/f = 1/v − 1/u

2. Mirror formula? → 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
3. Power of lens? → P = 100/f (f in cm)
4. Myopia correction? → Concave lens
5. Hypermetropia correction? → Convex lens
6. Magnification formula? → m = v/u
7. Refractive index? → n = c/v
8. Total internal reflection? → θi > θc
9. Snell’s law? → n₁ sinθ₁ = n₂ sinθ₂
10. Defects of vision → Myopia, Hypermetropia, Presbyopia

Electricity & Magnetism

1. Ohm’s law? → V = IR
2. Series resistance? → R = R₁ + R₂
3. Parallel resistance? → 1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂
4. Power? → P = VI
5. Kirchhoff’s laws?
6. Magnetic field (wire)? → B = μ₀I/2πr
7. Unit of current? → Ampere
8. Unit of resistance? → Ohm
9. Force on wire? → F = BIL
10. Right-hand rule → field direc on

Modern Physics

1. Electron charge? → 1.6×10⁻¹⁹ C

2. Unit of radioactivity? → Curie / Bq
3. Photoelectric effect? → E = hf − φ
4. Work function? → Min energy to release electron
5. Half-life definition?
6. α, β, γ radiation?
7. Mass-energy equivalence? → E = mc²
8. Nuclear fission/fusion difference?
9. Energy of photon? → E = hf
10. Rutherford experiment significance? → Nuclear model
Physics – 25 Most Repeated PYQs (with Answers)

1. Newton’s 2nd law formula? → F = ma

2. Work formula? → W = F × d
3. Kinetic energy formula? → KE = ½mv²
4. Potential energy formula? → PE = mgh
5. Power formula? → P = W/t
6. Gravitation force formula? → F = G(m₁m₂)/r²
7. Acceleration due to gravity? → 9.8 m/s²
8. Escape velocity? → vₑ = √(2gR)
9. Mass vs weight difference? → Mass = kg, Weight = mg
10. Momentum formula? → p = mv
11. Ohm’s law formula? → V = IR
12. Electric power formula? → P = VI
13. Lens formula? → 1/f = 1/v − 1/u
14. Mirror formula? → 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
15. Magnification formula? → m = v/u
16. Photoelectric equation? → E = hf − φ
17. Speed of sound in air? → 343 m/s
18. Work function definition? → Min energy to release electron
19. Law of conservation of energy? → Energy cannot be created/destroyed
20. Heat engine efficiency formula? → η = W/Qh
21. Relation between Cp and Cv? → Cp − Cv = R
22. Linear thermal expansion? → ΔL = αLΔT
23. Volume expansion? → ΔV = βVΔT
24. Force on wire in magnetic field? → F = BIL
25. Nuclear mass-energy equivalence? → E = mc²
Chemistry – SSC CGL High-Yield + Most Repeated
Questions

1. Physical Chemistry
Key Topics / Theory:

 States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas

 Laws of Gases: Boyle, Charles, Avogadro, Gay-Lussac
 Atomic Structure: Electrons, Protons, Neutrons, Mass, Valency
 Chemical Bonding: Ionic, Covalent, Metallic, Hydrogen bond
 Acids, Bases, Salts: pH, strength, neutralization

Important Formulas / Units:

 Ideal Gas: PV = nRT (P → atm, V → L, n → mol, R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K, T → K)

 Boyle: P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
 Charles: V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
 Moles: n = mass / Molar mass
 pH = −log[H⁺]

Top 10 Expected Questions + Answers:

1. Ideal gas equation? → PV = nRT

2. Boyle’s law formula? → P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
3. Avogadro’s law? → V ∝ n
4. Valency of oxygen? → 2
5. Ionic vs covalent bond difference? → Ionic: transfer, Covalent: sharing
6. Strong acid example? → HCl
7. Strong base example? → NaOH
8. pH of neutral solution? → 7
9. Atomic number vs mass number difference? → Atomic no = protons, Mass no =
protons+neutrons
10. Electron, proton, neutron charge & mass? → e = −1.6×10⁻¹⁹C, p = +1.6×10⁻¹⁹C, n = 0
2. Inorganic Chemistry
Key Topics / Theory:

 Periodic Table → Groups, Periods, Trends

 Important Elements & Compounds → NaCl, K₂SO₄, H₂SO₄, NH₃, H₂O₂
 Transition Metals → Colour of ions, Oxida on states
 Important Reactions → Displacement, Precipita on, Redox

Formulas / Units:

 Oxidation number, Valency rules

 Common salts formulas

Top 10 Expected Questions + Answers:

1. Atomic number & mass number of Oxygen? → 8, 16

2. Group of halogens? → Group 17
3. Colour of Cu²⁺ ions in solu on? → Blue
4. Common oxidation states of Fe? → +2, +3
5. Formula of washing soda? → Na₂CO₃·10H₂O
6. Formula of bleaching powder? → CaOCl₂
7. Electropositivity trend in periodic table? → Increases down group, decreases across
period
8. Common bases? → NaOH, KOH
9. Reaction type of displacement reaction? → Single replacement
10. Hydrogen bonding examples? → H₂O, NH₃, HF

3. Organic Chemistry
Key Topics / Theory:

 Hydrocarbons → Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatics

 Functional Groups → Alcohol, Aldehyde, Ketone, Carboxylic acid, Amine
 Reactions → Subs tu on, Addi on, Elimina on
 Polymers → Teflon, Bakelite, Nylon
 Important Compounds → Methane, Ethanol, Benzene, Phenol
Formulas / Units:

 Alkanes → CnH2n+2
 Alkenes → CnH2n
 Alkynes → CnH2n−2

Top 10 Expected Questions + Answers:

1. General formula of alkane? → CnH2n+2

2. Alkene formula? → CnH2n
3. Alkynes formula? → CnH2n−2
4. Functional group of alcohol? → −OH
5. Functional group of aldehyde? → −CHO
6. Benzene formula? → C6H6
7. Common polymer examples? → Teflon, Bakelite
8. Type of reaction: CH4 + Cl2 → ? → Substitution
9. Type of reaction: C2H4 + H2 → ? → Addition
10. Phenol functional group? → −OH a ached to benzene

4. Analytical / General Chemistry

Key Topics / Theory:

 Solutions → Molarity, Molality, Normality

 Mole Concept & Equivalent weight
 Oxidation & Reduction basics
 Important Constants → Avogadro, Gas constant

Formulas / Units:

 Mole: n = mass / M
 Molarity: M = moles/L
 Normality: N = equivalents/L
 Avogadro = 6.022×10²³
 Gas constant: R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K
Top 10 Expected Questions + Answers:

1. Mole formula? → n = mass / M

2. Normality vs molarity difference? → N = n × equivalent factor / L
3. Equivalent weight formula? → EW = M / n
4. Avogadro number? → 6.022×10²³
5. Gas constant value? → 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K
6. Oxidation state of O in H2O? → −2
7. Oxidation state of H in HCl? → +1
8. Reducing agent example? → Zn
9. Oxidizing agent example? → KMnO4
10. Molarity formula? → M = moles / L

Chemistry – 25 Most Repeated PYQs (with Answers)

1. Ideal gas equation? → PV = nRT

2. Boyle’s law? → P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
3. Charles law? → V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
4. Avogadro’s law? → V ∝ n
5. Valency of oxygen? → 2
6. Strong acid example? → HCl
7. Strong base example? → NaOH
8. pH of neutral solution? → 7
9. Atomic number of Oxygen? → 8
10. Common formula of water? → H₂O
11. Electron, proton, neutron charge? → e=−1.6×10⁻¹⁹C, p=+1.6×10⁻¹⁹C, n=0
12. Alkane formula? → CnH2n+2
13. Alkene formula? → CnH2n
14. Alkyne formula? → CnH2n−2
15. Functional group of alcohol? → −OH
16. Functional group of aldehyde? → −CHO
17. Common polymer example? → Teflon, Bakelite
18. Molarity formula? → M = moles/L
19. Normality formula? → N = equivalents/L
20. Mole formula? → n = mass/M
21. Oxidation state of O in H₂O? → −2
22. Reducing agent example? → Zn
23. Oxidizing agent example? → KMnO₄
24. Avogadro number? → 6.022×10²³
25. Gas constant R? → 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K
BIology– SSC CGL High-Yield + Most Repeated Questions

1. Cell & Tissues

 Cell is the structural and functional unit of life.

 Plant cell → Cell wall, Chloroplast present.
 Animal cell → Cell wall absent.
 Mitochondria → Powerhouse of cell.
 Ribosomes → Protein synthesis.
 Tissue types → Epithelial, Connec ve, Muscular, Nervous.

SSC Repeated Qs:

 Powerhouse of cell → Mitochondria

 Protein factory → Ribosome
 Connective tissue example → Blood

2. Human Digestive System

 Digestion starts in mouth (salivary amylase).

 Small intestine → Main site of diges on & absorp on.
 Liver → Largest gland, secretes bile (no enzyme, helps in fat diges on).
 Pancreas → Both endocrine & exocrine gland.

SSC Repeated Qs:

 Largest gland → Liver

 Digestive enzyme of stomach → Pepsin
 Site of protein digestion → Small intes ne

3. Circulatory System

 Human heart → 4 chambers.

 Normal BP → 120/80 mmHg.
 Blood cells → RBC (carry O₂), WBC (immunity), Platelets (clo ng).
 Hemoglobin → Iron-containing pigment.
SSC Repeated Qs:

 Universal donor → O–
 Universal recipient → AB+
 Normal BP value

4. Respiratory System

 Normal breathing rate → 16–18 times/min.

 Lungs are enclosed in pleural membranes.
 Oxygen transport → by Hemoglobin.

SSC Repeated Qs:

 Respiratory pigment in blood → Hemoglobin

 No. of lungs in humans → 2

5. Nervous System

 Brain parts → Cerebrum (intelligence), Cerebellum (balance), Medulla (involuntary

actions).
 Neuron → Func onal unit.

SSC Repeated Qs:

 Largest part of brain → Cerebrum

 Balance of body → Cerebellum

6. Reproduction

 Asexual → Binary fission, budding.

 Sexual in humans → Fer lization in fallopian tube.
 Placenta → Connects mother and fetus.
SSC Repeated Qs:

 Fertilization site → Fallopian tube

 Test tube baby → IVF (outside fer liza on)

7. Plant Physiology

 Photosynthesis → In chloroplast.
 Photosynthesis equation: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
 Transpiration → Loss of water through stomata.

SSC Repeated Qs:

 Photosynthesis site → Chloroplast

 Transpiration → Stomata

8. Diseases

 Bacterial → TB, Cholera, Typhoid.

 Viral → Polio, Measles, Dengue, Covid-19.
 Protozoa → Malaria (Plasmodium).
 Deficiency diseases:
o Vit A → Night blindness
o Vit D → Rickets
o Vit C → Scurvy
o Vit K → Blood clo ng

SSC Repeated Qs:

 Malaria parasite → Plasmodium

 Night blindness → Vit A deficiency

9. Human Skeleton & Muscles

 No. of bones in adult human → 206

 Largest bone → Femur
 Smallest bone → Stapes (ear)
SSC Repeated Qs:

 Largest bone → Femur

 Smallest bone → Stapes

10. Biotechnology & Environment

 DNA fingerprinting → Alec Jeffreys.

 Green revolution → M.S. Swaminathan.
 Bio-fertilizer → Rhizobium.

SSC Repeated Qs:

 Father of Green revolution in India → M.S. Swaminathan

 Nitrogen fixation bacteria → Rhizobium

Biology – 25 Most Repeated PYQs (with Answers)

1. Heart chambers? → 4
2. Blood group system? → ABO
3. RBC production site? → Bone marrow
4. Largest organ? → Skin
5. Normal BP? → 120/80 mmHg
6. Digestive enzyme in saliva? → Amylase
7. Function of liver? → Bile production, detoxification
8. Kidney functional unit? → Nephron
9. Hormones of pancreas? → Insulin, Glucagon
10. Oxygen transport molecule? → Hemoglobin
11. Cell nucleus function? → Control & DNA storage
12. Mitochondria function? → ATP production
13. Ribosome function? → Protein synthesis
14. DNA base pairing? → A-T, C-G
15. RNA types? → mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
16. Mendel’s first law? → Law of Segregation
17. Chromosome number in humans? → 46
18. Photosynthesis equation? → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
19. Stomata function? → Gas exchange
20. Plant hormone auxin function? → Cell elongation
21. Ecosystem components? → Producers, Consumers, Decomposers
22. Virus vs Bacteria difference? → Virus: acellular, requires host; Bacteria: unicellular
23. Malaria parasite? → Plasmodium
24. Tuberculosis pathogen? → Mycobacterium
25. Common vaccine examples? → Polio, Hepatitis B