FMT CHAPTERWISE

(4th Year MBBS)

MKCG Medical College, Berhampur

INDEX
I. Medical Jurisprudence, Ethics & Legal Procedures ------------------- 02
II. Injuries -------------------------------------------------------------------------03
III. Ballistics -----------------------------------------------------------------------03
IV. Autopsy & Thanatology ------------------------------------------------------ 02
04
V. Asphyxia -----------------------------------------------------------------------05
VI. Identification -----------------------------------------------------------------05
VII. Infanticide, Chile Abuse & Sexual Jurisprudence --------------------- 06
VIII. Toxicology --------------------------------------------------------------------07
IX. Forensic Psychiatry ---------------------------------------------------------09
X. Miscellaneous --------------------------------------------------------------- 10

By – Kumar Kundan
 Medical Jurisprudence, Ethics & Legal Procedures
1. Define Professional negligence. Mention various types of negligence & describe
Criminal negligence. What are the different elements that need to be proved during
a trial of medical negligence? What precautions, a doctor should take to avoid
allegation of negligence? (2017 + Dec 2023)
2. Write short notes on
 Magistrate inquest (2004 + 2019)
 Professional misconduct (2004 + 2010)
 Summons/ Subpoena (2005 + 2023)
 Contributory negligence (2005)
 Medical officer duties in a case of injury (2007)
 Medical council of India – MCI – their schedules & their functions
(2007 + 2011 Supplie. + 2016 Supplie.)
 Dying Declaration (2008)
 Malingering (2010)
 Loco parentis & its MLI. (2010)
 Define Consent. Mention rules of consent. (2010)
 Euthanasia (2010 + 2013 + 2017)
 Expert witness (2013 + 2014)
 Therapeutic misadventure (2014 + 2023)
 Conduct money (2016)
 Medical negligence – its ingredients with examples (2016 + 2019)
 Exception to Professional secrecy (2018)
 Doctrine of Res-Ipsa-Loquitor (2020)
 Recording of evidence in court of law (2020)
 Documentary evidence (2023)
 Types of courts & powers of different courts (Dec 2023 + 2016 Supplie.)
 Doctrine of common knowledge (Dec 2023)
 Differentiate between Professional misconduct & Professional negligence
(2014 Supplie.)
 Vicarious liability (2015 Supplie.)
 Examination in chief (2018 Supplie.)
3. MCQs
 Which of these is not related to Perjury? (2023)
a) 192 CrPC
b) 191 CrPC
c) 344 CrPC
d) 193 CrPC

By – Kumar Kundan
 Injuries
1. Define causes of death & PM signs of Burns. How to differentiate between burns &
scalds? (2007)
2. Enumerate the mechanical injuries produced by sharp-cutting weapons. Mention the
characters of an Incised wound. Enumerate the differences between Suicidal &
Homicidal cut throat wounds. (2019)
3. Classify thermal burn injuries. Describe the causes of death d/t burn injury. What are
the differences between burn injury and scald? (Dec 2023)
4. Define & classify thermal injuries. What are the features of COD, PM findings &
medicolegal aspects of burn injuries? (2015 Supplie.)
5. Write short notes on
 Imprint abrasion (2005)
 Lucid interval (2005 + 2008 + 2015 + 2013 Supplie.)
 Counter-coup injury (2007)
 Artefacts – Medico-legal aspects (2007 + 2011 Supplie. + 2016 Supplie.)
 Dupuytren classification of Burn (2008)
 Incised looking lacerated wound/ Split laceration (2008)
 Grievous hurt/ Section 320 IPC (2009 + 2013 + 2023)
 Causes of death due to Burn (2009 + 2018 Supplie.)
 Punch drunk syndrome (2010)
 Define Abrasion. Mention its types & write about Patterned abrasions.
(2010 + 2013)
 Brain injury (2012)
 Defence wounds (2013 + 2014)
 Skull Fractures (2014)
 Epidural haemorrhage (2014 + Dec 2023)
 Whiplash injury (2016)
 Filigree burns (2017)
 External autopsy findings in Lightening burn (2018)
 Differentiate between artificial bruise from true bruise (2019)
 Differentiate between burns & scalds (2023)
 Hesitation marks (Dec 2023)
 Joule burn (2014 Supplie.)
 Spinal concussion (2018 Supplie.)

Ballistics
1. Write short notes on
 Ricochet bullet (2016 + Dec 2023)
 Features of entry wound when fired from a from a distance of 30cm in rifled
firearm (2018)
 Difference between Rifled firearm entry & exit wound (2020)
 Difference between Entry & Exit wound of bullet (2023 + 2013 Supplie.)
 Gun powder (Dec 2023)

By – Kumar Kundan
2. MCQs
 Which is not found in a shot-gun firearm wound at close range? (2023)
a) Satellite holes
b) Wad
c) Tattooing
d) Smudging

Autopsy & Thanatology

1. Define death & its types. Write about the PM changes in detail. (2016)
2. Define death. Describe in detail the changes in muscles after death. Differentiate
between rigor mortis & cadaveric spasm. (2020)
3. What is Forensic taphonomy? Classify PM changes. Describe in detail about the PM
hypostasis. What are the differences between PM hypostasis & congestion? (2021)
4. Describe the sequential appearance of features of delayed changes in a dead body.
Differentiate between Adipocere formation from Mummification. (2023)
5. Define death. Write in detail about the procedure of diagnosis of Brainstem death.
Add a note on the relationship of brainstem death & organ transplantation.
(2014 Supplie.)
6. A dead body was recovered from a paddy field with rigor mortis all over body with
fixed PM hypostasis over back. (2018 Supplie.)
i. Estimate the TSD.
ii. Write the factors that influence Rigor mortis.
7. Write short notes on
 Livor mortis – Medicolegal aspect of PM lividity (2004 + 2009)
 Algor Mortis (2005)
 Adipocere (2007 + 2017 + 2015 Supplie.)
 Sudden death & its causes (2010 + Dec 2023)
 Exhumation (2015)
 Mass disaster autopsy procedure (2015)
 PM changes seen on body due to evolution of gases (2018)
 Criteria for diagnosis of Brainstem death (2019)
 Methods of removal of organs during Autopsy (2021)
 Casper dictum (Dec 2023)
 Negative autopsy (2018 Supplie.)
8. MCQs
 Individual organs are removed one after the other in ________ PM
technique. (2023)
a) Ghon’s
b) Rokitansky’s
c) Virchow’s
d) Lettulle’s

By – Kumar Kundan
  As per Casper Dictum, a body decomposes in air ________ times rapidly as
buried in Earth. (2023)
a) 4
b) 3
c) 8
d) 2

Asphyxia
1. Define type, mechanism & PM signs of Drowning. How to differentiate fresh & salt
water drowning? (2007)
2. A 16-year woman is found dead in kneeling position with a ligature around neck
which is fastened to the nearby window grill. How will you proceed to hold autopsy
on the said dead body for certification of cause of death & manner of death?
(2009)
3. Define Asphyxia. Classify violent asphyxia deaths. Write about Drowning. Add a note
on Diatom test. (2015)
4. A dead body of male person with a ligature mark around neck is brought to you for
PM examination. Describe what are the possibilities you will consider & how will you
arrive at a conclusion regarding the COD? (2018)
5. Write short notes on
 Partial hanging (2004)
 PM findings in Dry drowning (2005)
 Traumatic asphyxia (2008 + 2018 Supplie.)
 Smothering (2010)
 Garrotting (2012)
 Ligature strangulation (2013)
 Autopsy findings in case of Throttling (2019)
 Lungs in Drowning (2023)
 Differentiate between Ligature strangulation & Manual strangulation
(2023)
 Enumerate the causes of death and write the autopsy findings in case of
Ligature strangulation. (Dec 2023)
 Drowning & role of Diatoms test (2011 Supplie.)
 Pathophysiology of Drowning (2013 Supplie.)
 Autopsy features of Ante-mortem wet drowning (2014 Supplie.)
 Sexual asphyxia (2015 Supplie.)

Identification
1. Define Identity. Describe the use of different data for identification & how to
estimate stature of a person from long bones? (2010)

By – Kumar Kundan
2. Write short notes on
 Cephalic Index (2004)
 MLI of hair (2007)
 Occupational marks (2007)
 Galton system of identification (2008)
 MLI of Scar (2010)
 Inter sex (2010 + Dec 2023)
 Dactylography (2015)
 Tattoo marks & mechanism of their erasure (2011 Supplie.)
 MLI of age (2015 Supplie.)
3. MCQs
 Whorls constitute ________ percentage of fingerprints in the population?
a) 35-45 % (2023)
b) 60-70 %
c) 6-7 %
d) 25-35 %

Infanticide, Child Abuse & Sexual Jurisprudence

1. What is Infanticide? What are the signs of live birth? (2004)
2. Define Rape. What are the trace evidences to be collected if the victim is a married
woman? How will you proceed to examine a rape victim & conclude your opinion?
(2005 + 2008)
3. Give brief description of methods & means for procuring Criminal abortion. What
evidence & autopsy surgeon must look for in alleged case of criminal abortion?
(2023 + 2011 Supplie.)
4. Classify sexual offences. What is 375 IPC? Write briefly the steps of medical
examination of a victim/ survivor of a case of Rape. (Dec 2023)
5. Define rape, punishment of rape. Describe the procedure of examination of a victim
of rape. Add a note on materials to be preserved during examination. (2013 Supplie.)
6. Write short notes on
 Pseudo virgin (2004)
 Sudden infant death syndrome (2005)
 Rape (2007)
 MTP Act (2007 + 2020)
 Atavism (2007 + 2013 + 2014 + 2020)
 Vernix caseosa (2008)
 Signs of maceration (2008)
 Signs of virginity (2009)
 Carunculae hymenalis (2009)
 Montgomery’s tubercle (2009)
 Positive signs of Pregnancy (2010)
 Battered baby syndrome (2010 + 2013 + 2023 + 2016 Supplie.)
 Dowry death (2013 + 2014)
 Section 375 IPC (2014)

By – Kumar Kundan
  Abortifacient drugs (2015)
 Unnatural sexual assaults (2015)
 Acts of omission & acts of commission in relation to Infanticide (2015)
 Indications & medicolegal aspects of MTP (2016)
 Sec 377 IPC (2017)
 Surrogacy (2017 + 2015 Supplie.)
 Signs of recent delivery in living (2018)
 Precautions to be taken while selecting donor in Artificial insemination (2018)
 Criminal abortion – Duties of doctor in Criminal abortion
(2019 + 2013 Supplie.)
 Differentiate between Parous & Nulliparous uterus (2023)
 Superfecundation (Dec 2023)
 Splading’s sign (Dec 2023)
 Differences between live birth & still birth (2011 Supplie.)
 Hydrostatic test (2013 Supplie.)
 Lochia (2014 Supplie.)
 Evidences to be preserved during examination of victim of sexual assault with
its utility (2014 Supplie.)
 Sec 498 (A) IPC (2016 Supplie.)
 Lockard’s principle with suitable examples (2016 Supplie.)
 497 IPC (2018 Supplie.)

5. MCQs
 AID shall be performed in all of the following situations except (2023)
a) Husband is impotent
b) Rh incompatibility between husband & wife
c) Husband suffering from hereditary disease
d) Husband is sterile
 Superintendent of a women & child hone induces & seduces a woman in his
custody to have sexual intercourse with him. He is liable to be punished
under (2023)
a) 376 IPC
b) 376 (A) IPC
c) 376 (B) IPC
d) 376 (C) IPC

Toxicology
1. Define OP poisoning. Write about its Signs, symptoms, MOA, C/F, Mx & Post-mortem
findings. (2004 + 2010 + 2013 + 2018)
2. Define Poison. Classify poison. Write about Drunkenness. Test for alcoholism.
Treatment of Chronic alcoholism. (2010)
3. Define Poison. Write in brief about Corrosive poisons. Add a note on Vitriolage.
(2012)

By – Kumar Kundan
4. Define Poison. Classify poison with suitable examples. What are the duties of doctor
in a case of suspected poisoning? What are the materials to be preserved in
casualty? (2014)
5. Mention four poisons that can be identified by smell. Describe the C/F, treatment &
PM findings in Methyl alcohol poisoning. (2018)
6. A child aged about 5 years has been brought to the casualty with H/O consuming a
common household disinfectant which has a detectable smell. Pupil became small &
contracted; body temperature drops to subnormal. The urine was scanty turns to
green colour. (2019)
i. What is the probable diagnosis?
ii. How will you proceed to manage this case?
iii. What are the duties & obligations of a doctor towards the investigating
agencies?
7. Classify Poisons. Describe the C/F, Mx & PM findings in a case of CO poisoning. Add a
note on the types of Anoxia. (2020)
8. Classify Poisonous snakes. Write the differences between venomous snakes & non-
venomous snakes. A case of snake bite is admitted to your hospital. How will you
manage that case step wise as a MO? (Dec 2023)
9. Define poison. Classify them. Write in detail about Arsenic poisoning, add a note on
Chronic arsenic poisoning. (2011 Supplie.)
10. A 30-years young male comes to casualty with deep coma, relaxed flaccid muscles &
all reflexes are abolished. His pupils are contracted to pinpoint size & do not react to
light. Skin is cold & covered with perspiration. Temperature is subnormal with low
BP. (2018 Supplie.)
i. Identify the suspected poison.
ii. Write the Mx of the case.
iii. Briefly explain the medico-legal aspects of the poison.
11. Write short notes on
 Universal antidote (2004)
 Hippus (2005 + 2020)
 Chronic alcoholism & its MLI (2005)
 Arrack (2007)
 Antidotes – Classify them with one example of each. Write about chelating
agents with examples. (2007 + 2010 + 2016 + 2019 + 2015 Supplie.)
 Vitriolage (2007)
 Phossy jaw (2007)
 Food poisoning (2007)
 Punctate basophilia (2008)
 Rati sui/ Sui (2009 + 2015)
 Run Amok (2012)
 Ophitoxaemia – Diagnosis & Treatment (2012 + 2015 Supplie.)
 Methyl alcohol poisoning (2013)
 Chelating agents (2013 + Dec 2023)
 Botulism food poisoning (2016)
 Differentiate between Tetanus & Strychnine poisoning (2018 + 2023)

By – Kumar Kundan
  Mx of Snake bite – Dos & Don’ts in first aid Mx in Snake bite
(2018 + 2014 Supplie.)
 C/F of Datura poisoning (2019)
 Features of ideal homicidal poison (2019)
 Composition of Viper venom (2020)
 Differentiate between Arsenic poisoning & Cholera (2020 + 2013 Supplie.)
 Aphrodisiac (Dec 2023)
 Toxalbumen (Dec 2023)
 Hatter’s shake (Dec 2023)
 Anti-snake venom (2011 Supplie.)
 Body packer syndrome (Dec 2023 + 2013 Supplie.)
 Duties of Medical practitioner in a case of suspected poisoning
(2013 Supplie. + 2016 Supplie.)
 Carboluria (2014 Supplie.)
11. MCQs
 All are Toxalbumen except (2023)
a) Ricin
b) Crotin
c) Calotropin
d) Abrin
 Which is not a feature of Chronic Hashis abuse? (2023)
a) Tactile hallucination
b) Manic episodes
c) Auditory hallucinations
d) Delusions of persecution
 All of the following are C/Is of gastric lavage except (2023)
a) Volatile poison
b) Carbolic acid
c) Oesophageal varices
d) Comatose patient

Forensic Psychiatry
1. Write short notes on
 Delusion (2004)
 Lucid interval (2005 + 2008 + 2015 + 2013 Supplie.)
 Mc Naughten’s Rule & its MLI (2007 + 2010 + 2014 + 2018 Supplie.)
 Somnambulism (2009)
 Binet-Simon test (2009)
 Mental retardation (2016)
 Types of restrain of mentally ill person (2018)
 Differentiate between true from false/ feigned insanity (2019 + 2020 + 2023)
 Sec 84 IPC (2020)
 Criminal responsibilities of Insane (2023 + 2011 Supplie.)

By – Kumar Kundan
  Mentally ill person & civil responsibility of Insane
(Dec 2023 + 2014 Supplie. + 2015 Supplie. + 2016 Supplie.)
 Paranoid schizophrenia (2018 Supplie.)

Miscellaneous
1. Write short notes on
 Torture (2007)
 Starvation (2007)
 Tests for seminal fluid (2023)
 Embolism (2016 Supplie.)
 Narcoanalysis (2018 Supplie.)
 Juvenile delinquent (2018 Supplie.)

By – Kumar Kundan