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Comprehensive DBMS Notes & Examples

The document provides comprehensive notes on Database Management Systems (DBMS), covering definitions, features, advantages, and disadvantages. It details various types of DBMS, data models, keys, joins, normalization, SQL commands, ACID properties, architecture, indexing, backup and recovery, and applications in different sectors. Examples of DBMS software and diagrams are included to illustrate concepts.

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prarabdh123
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11 views1 page

Comprehensive DBMS Notes & Examples

The document provides comprehensive notes on Database Management Systems (DBMS), covering definitions, features, advantages, and disadvantages. It details various types of DBMS, data models, keys, joins, normalization, SQL commands, ACID properties, architecture, indexing, backup and recovery, and applications in different sectors. Examples of DBMS software and diagrams are included to illustrate concepts.

Uploaded by

prarabdh123
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DATABASE

MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (DBMS)
Full Notes With Diagrams, Tables
& Examples

Prepared by: Prarabdh Barnwal

1. Introduction to DBMS
A database is an organized collection of
data that allows easy access, retrieval, and
management.

Examples: School databases, Bank


records, Railway reservation systems, E-
commerce websites.

What is DBMS?
A Database Management System (DBMS)
is software designed to store and manage
data efficiently.

Features:

Reduces data redundancy


Improves security
Allows multi-user access
Provides backup & recovery

Examples of DBMS Software

Type Examples

Relational MySQL, Oracle,


DBMS PostgreSQL

NoSQL MongoDB, Cassandra

Cloud DBMS Firebase, AWS RDS

2. Advantages &
Disadvantages of DBMS

Advantages:

Data security
Reduced redundancy
Consistent data
Backup & recovery

Disadvantages:

Costly
Requires trained staff
Complex to maintain

3. Types of DBMS

Hierarchical DBMS

Parent
/ \
Child1 Child2

Network DBMS

Customer ----- Order


\ /
Product

Relational DBMS (RDBMS)

Data stored in tables.

NoSQL DBMS

Handles unstructured or semi-structured


data.

4. Data Models
Conceptual Model
Logical Model
Physical Model

5. Keys in DBMS
Primary Key – Unique for every
record
Foreign Key – Links two tables
Candidate Key
Composite Key

Example

Roll No (PK) Name Class

101 Riya 10

102 Arjun 10

6. Joins
INNER JOIN
LEFT JOIN
RIGHT JOIN
FULL JOIN

7. Normalization
1NF – No repeating groups
2NF – No partial dependency
3NF – No transitive dependency

8. ER Model
[Student] ------< Enrolls >------ [Course]

ER Diagram Example
---------
|Student|
---------
/ | \
RollNo Name Class

9. SQL

Categories of SQL

Type Purpose Example

CREATE
DDL Define structure
TABLE

INSERT,
DML Manipulate data
UPDATE

DCL Control access GRANT

Manage
TCL COMMIT
transactions

Sample SQL Commands

CREATE TABLE Student(


RollNo INT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(20),
Marks INT
);

INSERT INTO Student VALUES (101, 'Riya', 89);

SELECT * FROM Student WHERE Marks > 80;

10. ACID Properties


Atomicity
Consistency
Isolation
Durability

11. DBMS Architecture


External Level (User View)
|
Conceptual Level
|
Internal Level (Storage)

12. Indexing
Primary Index
Secondary Index
Clustered Index

13. Backup & Recovery


Automatic backup
Crash recovery
Transaction rollback

14. Applications of DBMS


Banking
Railway systems
E-commerce
Education
Social media

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