S. K. Ghosh Associates Inc.

Example Problem
-in. Headed bolts ASTM F 1554 Grade 36 = 36,000 psi fyt = 58,000 psi futa = 4000 psi fc = 12 in. hef = 18 in. ha SDC C Concrete is assumed cracked at service load
Steel base plate Wide flange column

14" 20" 8" 4"

6" 18" 6"

4"
-1-

Example Problem

20"

8"

4"

6"

e
Nua

e
Ny

Nx

= 1 in.

6"

eNy = 1 in.

Nx

4"
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D.5 Design Requirements for Tensile Loading

D.5.1 Steel Strength D.5.2 Concrete Breakout Strength D.5.3 Pullout Strength D.5.4 Concrete Side-Face Blowout Strength of a Headed Anchor

-3-

Tension Failure
Check for possible compression in anchor group due to load eccentricity eNx :
Nua Nua Mua = Nua x 1

Nua/6 -[Mua/8]/3 = Nua/8

Nua/6 + [Mua/8]/3 = 5Nua/24

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Tension Failure
Check for possible compression in anchor group due to load eccentricity eNy :
Nua Nua Mua = Nua x 1

Nua/6 -[Mua/12]/2 = Nua/8

Nua/6

Nua/6 + [Mua/12]/2 = 5Nua/24

-5-

Tension Failure
Check for possible compression in anchor group due to load eccentricities: Maximum tension = Nua/6 + Nua/24 + Nua/24 = Nua/4 Minimum tension = Nua/6 Nua/24 Nua/24 = Nua/12 ..No compression
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D.5.1 Steel Failure (Tension)

-7-

D.5.1 Steel Failure (Tension)

Calculating for one bolt: Ase = 0.142 in.2 futa = 58,000 psi < 1.9fya (= 68,400 psi)OK < 125,000 [Link] Nsa = 0.142 x 58,000/1000 = 8.24 kips

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D.5.1 Steel Failure (Tension)

Strength reduction factor, :
= 0.75 for ductile steel elements under tension .D.4.4(a) For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 This factor is not required in steel failure modes in ACI 318-08 0.75 = 0.75 0.75 = 0.56

-9-

D.5.1 Steel Failure (Tension)

Design strength of a single bolt for steel failure in tension: 0.75Nsa = 0.56 8.24 = 4.61 kips

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D.5.1 Steel Failure (Tension)

Equating with the maximum demand on a single bolt: Nua/4 = 4.61 kips Thus maximum Nua = 18.44 kips = 0.75Nsa for the group of bolts This is the maximum tension demand that the whole bolt formation can support for steel failure in tension

- 11 -

D.5.2 Concrete Breakout (Tension)

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D.1 Definitions
Anchor Group hef = 12 in. Spacing in X-direction = 8 in. < 3 12 in. .......OK Spacing in Y-direction = 6 in. < 3 12 in. .......OK The current bolt formation acts as a group in tension.

- 13 -

D.5.2.3 Anchor Close to 3 or 4 Edges

In the example problem, number of edge distances that are less than 1.5hef = 2 hef need not be modified hef = 12 in.

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D.5.2.1 Projected Area ANCO

ANco = 9 122 = 1296 in.2

- 15 -

D.5.2.1 Projected Area ANC

1.5x12 = 18" 8" 4"

ANc = [18+8+4] [4+6+6 +18] = 1020 in.2

1.5x12 = 18"

ANc < nANco (= 6 1296) .OK

4"

6"

6"

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D.5.2.2 Basic Concrete Breakout

= 63.1 kips For cast-in headed bolts with 11 in. hef 25 in. = 64.2 kips Nb = 64.2 kips

- 17 -

D.5.2.4 Eccentricity Effect

In the example problem: hef = 12 in., e = 1 in., e = 1in.

Nx

Ny

ec,Nx = 1 / [ 1 + 2x1/3x12 ] = 0.95 1 OK ec,Ny = 1 / [ 1 + 2x1/3x12 ] = 0.95 1 OK ec,N = ec,Nx ec,Ny = 0.90

- 18 -

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D.5.2.5 Edge Effect

In the example problem: hef = 12 in., ca,min = 4 in. 1.5hef ed,N = 0.7 + 0.3x4/(1.5x12) = 0.77

- 19 -

D.5.2.6 Cracking Effect

In the example problem: Concrete is cracked at service load c,N = 1.0 Provide crack control reinforcement per 10.6.4

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D.5.2.7 Post-installed Anchors in Uncracked Concrete without Supplementary Reinforcement

In the example problem: Anchors are cast-in place cp,N = 1.0

- 21 -

D.5.2.1 Concrete Breakout Strength of Anchor Group (Tension)

In the example problem: (D-5) 1020 0.90 x 0.77 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 64.2 1296

Ncbg =

= 35.0 kips

- 22 -

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D.5.2.1 Concrete Breakout Strength of Anchor Group (Tension)

Strength reduction factor, : = 0.75 for cast-in headed bolts (assuming Condition A)

.D.4.4(c)

For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.75 = 0.56
- 23 -

D.5.2.1 Concrete Breakout Strength of Anchor Group (Tension)

Design strength of the bolt group for concrete breakout in tension: 0.75Ncbg= 0.56 x 35.0 = 19.6 kips

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D.5.3 Pullout Strength

- 25 -

D.5.3.6 Pullout Strength

In the example problem:
Anchors used - 1/2" cast-in headed bolts with Hex head Abrg = 0.291 in.2 NP = 8 x 0.291 x 4000 / 1000 = 9.31 kips For cracked concrete under service load, c,P = 1.0 Npn = 1.0 x 9.31 = 9.31 kips This is the pullout strength of one anchor
- 26 -

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D.5.3.6 Pullout Strength

Strength reduction factor, :

= 0.70 for cast-in headed studs (Condition B applies

for pullout failure) .D.4.4(c)

For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.70 = 0.53
- 27 -

D.5.3.6 Pullout Strength

Design strength of a single bolt for pullout in tension: 0.75Npng= 0.53 x 9.31 = 4.89 kips

- 28 -

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D.5.3.6 Pullout Strength

Equating with the maximum demand on a single bolt: Nua/4 = 4.89 kips Thus max. Nua = 19.7 kips = 0.75Npng for the group of bolts This is the maximum tension demand that the whole bolt formation can support for pullout failure in tension
- 29 -

D.5.4 Side-face Blowout

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D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

In the example problem: Anchors used - Headed bolts Minimum edge distance in X-direction = 4 in. < 0.4hef (= 4.8 in.) Minimum edge distance in Y-direction = 4 in. < 0.4hef (= 4.8 in.) Side-face blowout possible in both X- and Y-directions. Nsbg needs to be calculated in both directions and the smaller strength would govern.

- 31 -

D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Failure in X-direction
Bolts under consideration 8" 4"

ca1 = 4 in.
6" 6" 4"

Anchor spacing = 6 in. < 6ca1 ......OK s = 6 + 6 = 12 in. Abrg = 0.291 in.2 f c = 4000 psi
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D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Failure in X-direction

Nsbg = 32,752/1000 = 32.8 kips

- 33 -

D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Strength reduction factor, :

= 0.75 for cast-in headed bolts

(assuming Condition A) .D.4.4(c) For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.75 = 0.56
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D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Design strength of the bolt group in side-face blowout under tension: 0.75Nsbg = 0.56 x 32.8 = 18.4 kips

- 35 -

D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Failure in X-direction
Nua Mua = Nua x 1

Nua/2 + Nua/8 = 5Nua/8 Nua/2 Nua/8 = 3Nua/8

Proportion of tension demand carried by considered column of bolts = 5/8

The maximum tension demand that the whole bolt formation can support in side-face blowout = 18.4x8/5 = 29.5 kips
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D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Failure in Y-direction
Bolts under consideration 8" 4"

ca1 = 4 in.
6" 6" 4"

Anchor spacing = 8 in. < 6ca1 ......OK s = 8 in. Abrg = 0.291 in.2 f c = 4000 psi
- 37 -

D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Failure in Y-direction

Nsbg = 29,106/1000 = 29.1 kips

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D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Failure in Y-direction Design strength of the bolt group in side-face blowout under tension: 0.75Nsbg = 0.56 x 29.1 = 16.4 kips

- 39 -

D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Failure in Y-direction
Nua Nua Mua = Nua x 1 Mua = Nua x 1 Nua/3 Nua/3 - Nua/12 = Nua/4 Nua/3/2 Nua/12 = 5Nua/12 Nua + + Nua/8 = 5Nua/8

Proportion of tension demand carried by considered row of bolts = 5/12

The maximum tension demand that the whole bolt formation can support in side-face blowout = 16.4x12/5 = 39.3 kips
- 40 -

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D.5.4.2 Side-face Blowout

Governing side-face blowout strength of the whole bolt formation is the smaller of those computed by considering failure in X-direction (29.5 kips) and in Y-direction (39.3 kips) = 29.5 kips

- 41 -

D.5 Design for Tensile Loading

D.5.1 Steel Strength = 18.44 kips D.5.2 Concrete Breakout Strength = 19.6 kips D.5.3 Pullout Strength = 19.7 kips D.5.4 Concrete Side-Face Blowout Strength = 29.5 kips

Group strength in tension = 18.44 kips, governed by steel strength Suitable for application in buildings assigned to SDC C or higher
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D.6 Design for Shear Loading

D.6.1 Steel Strength D.6.2 Concrete Breakout Strength D.6.3 Concrete Pryout Strength

- 43 -

20"

8"

4"

e
6" e
Vx

Vx

= 1 in.

eVy = 0

6" 4"
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Shear Failure
Check for possible reversal in direction of shear in anchor group due to load eccentricity eVx :

Vua/6 - [Tua/8]/3

Vua/6 + [Tua/8]/3

Vua/6 - [Tua/8]/3

Vua/6 + [Tua/8]/3

Tua = Vua x 1 V Vua ua Vua/6 - [Tua/8]/3 Vua/6 + [Tua/8]/3

- 45 -

Shear Failure
Check for possible reversal in direction of shear in anchor group due to load eccentricity eVx : Maximum shear = Vua/6 + Vua/24 = 5Vua/24 Minimum shear = Vua/6 Vua/24 = Vua/8 ..No shear reversal
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D.6.1 Steel Failure (Shear)

- 47 -

D.6.1.2 Steel Strength (Shear)

In the example problem, cast-in headed bolts are used Calculating for one bolt: Ase = 0.142 in.2 futa = 58,000 psi < 1.9fya (= 68,400 psi)OK < 125,000 [Link] Vsa = 0.142 x (0.6x58,000) / 1000 = 4.94 kips
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D.6.1.2 Steel Strength (Shear)

Strength reduction factor, : = 0.65 for ductile steel elements under shear .D.4.4(a) For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 This factor is not required in steel failure modes in ACI 318-08 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.65 = 0.49
- 49 -

D.6.1.2 Steel Strength (Shear)

Design strength of a single bolt for steel failure in shear: 0.75Vsa= 0.49 x 4.94 = 2.42 kips

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D.6.1.2 Steel Strength (Shear)

Shear in Y-direction Equating with the maximum demand on a single bolt: 5Vua/24 = 2.42 kips Thus max. Vua = 0.75Vsa = 11.62 kips for the group of bolts This is the maximum shear demand that the whole bolt formation can support for steel failure in shear in Y-direction
- 51 -

D.6.1.2 Steel Strength (Shear)

Shear in X-direction Equating with the maximum demand on a single bolt: Vua/6 = 2.42 kips Thus max. Vua = 0.75Vsa = 14.52 kips for the group of bolts This is the maximum shear demand that the whole bolt formation can support for steel failure in shear in X-direction
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D.6.2 Concrete breakout (Shear)

- 53 -

ACI 318-08 Section D.1 - Definitions

Anchor Group
In the example problem: In X-direction, ca1 = 4 in. Row spacing = 6 in. < 3 x 4 in. .......OK In Y-direction, ca1 = 4 in. Column spacing = 8 in. < 3 x 4 in. .......OK The example bolt formation acts as a group for shear acting in X- and in Y- directions.
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Shear in X-Direction

8"

4"

6"

vuax

6" 4"
- 55 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge
8" 4"

ca1 = 4 in. ha = 18 in. > 1.5ca1 (= 6 in.) .OK ca2,top > 1.5ca1 OK ca2,bottom < 1.5ca1 Only one edge distance < 1.5ca1 ca1 need not be revised
- 56 -

1.5ca1

6" 6" 4"

Vuax/2

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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge
8" 4"

AVc = [1.5ca1 +6+6+4][Min(ha, 1.5ca1)]

= [1.5x4 + 6 + 6 + 4][1.5x4]
1.5ca1

= 132 in.2 AVco = 4.5ca12 = 4.5x42 = 72 in.2 Number of bolts, n = 3 AVc < nAVco OK

6" 6" 4"

AVc/AVco = 1.83
- 57 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Basic concrete breakout strength

le = hef = 12 in. > 8do = 4 in.

le = 4 in.

= 3796/ 1000 = 3.8 kips

- 58 -

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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Eccentricity factor

- 59 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Edge factor
ca2, bottom = 4 in. < 1.5ca1 (= 6 in.)

= 0.90
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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Cracking factor
Concrete is cracked at service load. It is assumed that supplementary reinforcement comprising of No. 4 bars is present between the anchors and the edges. No stirrup is used to enclose the reinforcement.

c,V = 1.2

- 61 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge

(D-22) Vcbg = 132 1.0 x 0.90 x 1.2 x 3.8 72

= 7.52 kips
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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Strength reduction factor, = 0.75 for Condition A .D.4.4(c) For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.75 = 0.56

- 63 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Design strength of the first row in concrete breakout in shear: 0.75Vcbg= 0.56 x 7.52 = 4.21 kips This needs to be compared against the fraction of the total shear demand causing this failure
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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Vuax/2 = 4.21 kips Vuax = 8.42 kips This is the total shear demand that the whole group can support before Mode 1 failure takes place

- 65 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge
8"
1.5ca1

4"

ca1 = 8 + 4 = 12 in. ha = 18 in. = 1.5ca1 .OK ca2,top > 1.5ca1 OK

6" 6" 4"

Vuax

ca2,bottom < 1.5ca1 Only one edge distance < 1.5ca1 ca1 need not be revised
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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge
8"
1.5ca1

4"

AVc = [1.5ca1 +6+6+4][Min(ha, 1.5ca1)]

= [1.5x12 + 6 + 6 + 4][1.5x12] = 612 in.2 AVco = 4.5ca12 = 4.5x122 = 648 in.2

Vuax

6" 6" 4"

Number of bolts, n = 3 AVc < nAVco OK

AVc/AVco = 0.94
- 67 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge Basic concrete breakout strength

le = hef = 12 in. > 8do = 4 in.

le = 4 in.

= 19,724/ 1000 = 19.7 kips

- 68 -

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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge Eccentricity factor

- 69 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge Edge factor
ca2, bottom = 4 in. < 1.5ca1 (= 18 in.)

= 0.77
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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge Cracking factor
Concrete is cracked at service load. It is assumed that supplementary reinforcement comprising of No. 4 bars is present between the anchors and the edges. No stirrup is used to enclose the reinforcement.

c,V = 1.2

- 71 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge

(D-22) 612 1.0 x 0.77 x 1.2 x 19.7 648

Vcbg =

= 17.19 kips
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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge Strength reduction factor, = 0.75 for Condition A .D.4.4(c) ..D.3.3.3 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.75 = 0.56

For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied

- 73 -

Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge Design strength of the first row in concrete breakout in shear: 0.75Vcbg= 0.56 x 17.19 = 9.62 kips This needs to be compared against the fraction of the total shear demand causing this failure
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Shear in X-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd column from the edge

Vuax = 9.62 kips This is the total shear demand that the whole group can support before Mode 2 failure takes place

- 75 -

Shear in X-Direction
Design concrete breakout strength of the anchor group based on two failure modes: 1st Mode: 8.42 kips 2nd Mode: 9.62 kips 0.75Vcbg,x = 8.42 kips

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Shear in Y-Direction

20"

8"

4"

6"

e Vx = 1"

6" 4"
- 77 -

vuay

Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge
20" 8" 4"

ca1 = 4 in. ha = 18 in. > 1.5ca1 ca2,right = 4 in. < 1.5ca1 ca2,left = 20 in. > 1.5ca1 OK .OK

Vuay/3
4"
1.5ca1

Only one edge distance < 1.5ca1 ca1 need not be revised
- 78 -

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge
AVc = [1.5ca1 + 8 + 4][Min(ha, 1.5ca1)]
20" 8" 4"

= [1.5x4 + 8 + 4][1.5x4] = 108 in.2 AVco = 4.5ca12 = 4.5x42 = 72 in.2 Number of bolts, n = 2 AVc < nAVco OK

4"
1.5ca1

AVc/AVco = 1.5
- 79 -

Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge
Basic concrete breakout strength

le = hef = 12 in. > 8do = 4 in.

le = 4 in.

= 3796/ 1000 = 3.8 kips

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Eccentricity factor

- 81 -

Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Edge factor
ca2, right = 4 in. < 1.5ca1 (= 6 in.)

= 0.90
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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Cracking factor
Concrete is cracked at service load. It is assumed that supplementary reinforcement comprising of No. 4 bars is present between the anchors and the edges. No stirrup is used to enclose the reinforcement.

c,V = 1.2

- 83 -

Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge (D-22) 108 72 0.86 x 0.90 x 1.2 x 3.8

Vcbg =

= 5.29 kips

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Strength reduction factor,
= 0.75 for Condition A.D.4.4(c) For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.75 = 0.56
- 85 -

Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Design strength of the first row for concrete breakout in shear: 0.75Vcbg= 0.56 x 5.29 = 2.96 kips This needs to be compared against the fraction of the total shear demand causing this failure

- 86 -

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 1: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors closest to the edge Vuay/3 = 2.96 kips Vuay = 8.88 kips This is the total shear demand that the whole group can support before Mode 1 failure takes place

- 87 -

Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge
20" 8" 4"

ca1 = 4 + 6 = 10 in. ha = 18 in. > 1.5ca1 ca2,right = 4 in. < 1.5ca1 .OK

2Vuay/3
6" 4"
1.5ca1

ca2,left = 20 in. > 1.5ca1 OK Only one edge distance < 1.5ca1 ca1 need not be revised
- 88 -

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge
AVc = [1.5ca1 + 8 + 4][Min(ha, 1.5ca1)]
20" 8" 4"

= [1.5x10 + 8 + 4][1.5x10] = 405 in.2 AVco = 4.5ca12 = 4.5x102 = 450 in.2 Number of bolts, n = 2

6" 4"
1.5ca1

AVc < nAVco OK

AVc/AVco = 0.9
- 89 -

Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge Basic concrete breakout strength

le = hef = 12 in. > 8do = 4 in.

le = 4 in.

= 15,005 / 1000 = 15 kips

- 90 -

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge Eccentricity factor

- 91 -

Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge Edge factor
ca2, right = 4 in. < 1.5ca1 (= 15 in.)

= 0.78
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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge Cracking factor
Concrete is cracked at service load. It is assumed that supplementary reinforcement comprising of No. 4 bars is present between the anchors and the edges. No stirrup is used to enclose the reinforcement.

c,V = 1.2

- 93 -

Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge

(D-22) 405 0.94 x 0.78 x 1.2 x 15 450

Vcbg =

= 11.88 kips
- 94 -

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge Strength reduction factor,
= 0.75 for Condition A .D.4.4(c)

For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.75 = 0.56

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge Design strength of the 2nd row for concrete breakout in shear: 0.75Vcbg= 0.56 x 11.88 = 6.65 kips This needs to be compared against the fraction of the total shear demand causing this failure
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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 2: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 2nd row from the edge 2Vuay/3 = 6.65 kips Vuay = 9.98 kips This is the total shear demand that the whole group can support before Mode 2 failure takes place

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge
20" 8" 4"

ca1 = 4 + 6 + 6 = 16 in. ha = 18 in. < 1.5ca1 ca2,right = 4 in. < 1.5ca1 ca2,left = 20 in. < 1.5ca1 3 edge distances < 1.5ca1 ca1 needs to be revised
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Vuay
6" 6" 4"
Ca2,left = 20 in.

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge Revised ca1 = Greatest of ca2,right /1.5 = 4 / 1.5 = 2.67 in. ca2,left /1.5 = 20 / 1.5 = 13.33 in. ha /1.5 = 18 / 1.5 = 12 in. (1/3) spacing between anchors = 8 / 3 = 2.67 in. ca1 = 13.33 in.
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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge
AVc = [1.5ca1 + 8 + 4][Min(ha, 1.5ca1)] = [1.5x13.33 + 8 + 4][18]

20"

8"

4"

= 576 in.2
6" 6" 4"
1.5ca1 = 20 in.

AVco = 4.5ca12 = 4.5x13.332 = 800 in.2 Number of bolts, n = 2 AVc < nAVco OK

AVc/AVco = 0.72
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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge Basic concrete breakout strength

le = hef = 12 in. > 8do = 4 in.

le = 4 in.

= 23,093 / 1000 = 23.1 kips

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge Eccentricity factor

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge Edge factor
ca2, right = 4 in. < 1.5ca1 (= 20 in.)

= 0.76
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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge Cracking factor
Concrete is cracked at service load. It is assumed that supplementary reinforcement comprising of No. 4 bars is present between the anchors and the edges. No stirrup is used to enclose the reinforcement.

c,V = 1.2

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge

(D-22) 576 800 0.95 x 0.76 x 1.2 x 23.1

Vcbg =

= 14.4 kips
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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge Strength reduction factor, = 0.75 for Condition A ...D.4.4(c) For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.75 = 0.56

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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge Design strength of the 3rd row in concrete breakout in shear: 0.75Vcbg= 0.56 x 14.4 = 8.10 kips This needs to be compared against the fraction of the total shear demand causing this failure
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Shear in Y-Direction
Failure Mode 3: Concrete breakout occurs from the anchors in the 3rd row from the edge Vuay = 8.10 kips This is the total shear demand that the whole group can support before Mode 3 failure takes place

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Shear in Y-Direction
Design concrete breakout strength of the anchor group based on three failure modes: 1st Mode: 8.88 kips 2nd Mode: 9.98 kips 3rd Mode: 8.10 kips 0.75Vcbg,y = 8.10 kips
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D.6.3 Concrete Pryout

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D.6.3 Concrete Pryout

Single anchor Group of anchors where kcp = 1.0 for hef < 2.5 in. kcp = 2.0 for hef 2.5 in. Ncb computed from Eq. (D-4) Ncbg computed from Eq. (D-5)
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Vcp = kcpNcb .(D-29) Vcpg = kcpNcbg ..(D-30)

D.6.3 Concrete Pryout

In the current problem: hef = 12 in. > 2.5 in. Ncbg = 35.0 kips Vcpg = 2 x 35.0 = 70.0 kips kcp = 2.0

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D.6.3 Concrete Pryout

Strength reduction factor, : = 0.70 (Condition B applies for pryout failure) .D.4.4(c) For SDC C or above, a factor of 0.75 is applied ..D.3.3.3 0.75 = 0.75 x 0.70 = 0.53

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D.6.3 Concrete Pryout

Design strength of the anchor group in concrete pryout 0.75Ncpg= 0.53 x 70.0 = 37.1 kips

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D.6 Design for Shear Loading

D.6.1 Steel Strength = 14.52 kips for shear in X-direction = 11.62 kips for shear in Y-direction D.6.2 Concrete Breakout Strength = 8.42 kips for shear in X-direction = 8.10 kips for shear in Y-direction D.6.3 Concrete Pryout Strength = 37.1 kips for shear in both directions Group strength for shear in X-direction = 8.42 kips, governed by concrete breakout strength Group strength for shear in Y-direction = 8.10 kips, governed by concrete breakout strength Not suitable for application in buildings assigned to SDC C or higher

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For more information

[Link]
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