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Kinematics Practice Questions for Physics

The document contains a series of physics questions focused on kinematics, including problems related to speed, acceleration, displacement, and motion graphs. Each question presents multiple-choice answers and requires calculations or interpretations based on provided graphs and scenarios. The questions assess understanding of concepts such as instantaneous speed, average speed, and the relationship between velocity and acceleration.

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egebingol2008
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4 views8 pages

Kinematics Practice Questions for Physics

The document contains a series of physics questions focused on kinematics, including problems related to speed, acceleration, displacement, and motion graphs. Each question presents multiple-choice answers and requires calculations or interpretations based on provided graphs and scenarios. The questions assess understanding of concepts such as instantaneous speed, average speed, and the relationship between velocity and acceleration.

Uploaded by

egebingol2008
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Kinematics WS

1. Joseph runs along a long straight track. The variation of his speed v with time t is shown below.

After 25 seconds Joseph has run 200 m. Which of the following is correct at 25 seconds?

Instantaneous speed / m s–1 Average speed / m s–1


A. 8 m s–1 8 m s–1
B. 8 m s–1 10 m s–1
C. 10 m s–1 8 m s–1
D. 10 m s–1 10 m s–1
(Total 1 mark)

2. The graph shows the variation with time t of the acceleration a of an object.

Which of the following is the change in velocity of the object in the time interval 0 to 4 s?

A. –8 m s–1 B. –4 m s–1 C. +4 m s–1 D. +8 m s–1


(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 1
3. A car accelerates from rest. The acceleration increases with time. Which graph shows the
variation with time t of the speed v of the car?

(Total 1 mark)

4. Which of the following quantities can be determined from a speed-time graph of a particle
travelling in a straight line?

A. Only the magnitude of the acceleration at a given instant

B. Both the velocity and the acceleration at a given instant

C. Only the distance travelled in a given time

D. Both the distance travelled in a given time and the magnitude of the acceleration at a
given instant
(Total 1 mark)

5. Samantha walks along a horizontal path in the direction shown. The curved part of the path is a
semi-circle.

The magnitude of her displacement from point P to point Q is approximately

A. 2 m. B. 4 m. C. 6 m. D. 8 m.
(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 2
6. Which of the following may be determined from a speed-time graph?

A. Displacement B. Distance

C. Power D. Force
(Total 1 mark)

7. The graph shows how the displacement d of an object varies with time t. The tangent to the
curve at time t1 is also shown.

Which of the following gives the speed of the object at point P?

A. the gradient at P B. the shaded area

1 d1
C. D.
gradient at P t1
(Total 1 mark)

8. The graph is a speed versus time graph for an object that is moving in a straight line.

The distance travelled by the object during the first 4.0 seconds is

A. 80 m. B. 40 m. C. 20 m. D. 5 m. (Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 3
9. The graph below shows the variation with time t of the velocity v of an object moving along a
straight line.

The displacement of the object between t = 0 s and t = 6.0 s is

A. 2.0 m. B. 12 m. C. 20 m. D. 24 m.
(Total 1 mark)

10. Two balls of different mass are dropped from the top of a tall building one after the other. The
distance between the balls

A. increases with time.

B. depends on the initial velocity only.

C. remains constant.

D. depends on the mass of the balls.


(Total 1 mark)

IB Questionbank Physics 4
11. The graph shows how the velocity of a particle varies
with time.

Which of the following graphs correctly shows how


the acceleration of the particle varies with time?

(Total 1 mark)

12. A ball is thrown vertically upwards from the ground. The graph
shows the variation with time t of the vertical displacement d of the
ball.

Which of the following gives the final displacement after time T and
the average speed between time t = 0 and time t = T?

Displacement Average speed

A. 0 0

0 2D
B.
T

2D 2D
C.
T

D. 2D 0

IB Questionbank Physics 5
(Total 1 mark)

13. The graph below shows the variation with time t of the velocity v of an object moving on a
straight-line.

Which of the graphs below best represents the variation with time t of the acceleration a of the
object?

(Total 1 mark)

14. In 1997 a high-speed car of mass 1.1 × 104 kg achieved the world land speed record. The car
accelerated uniformly in two stages as shown in the table. The car started from rest.

Time / s Speed attained at end of stage / m s–1


Stage 1 0.0 – 4.0 44
Stage 2 4.0 – 12 280

Use the data to calculate the

(a) average acceleration of the car in stage 1.

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................
(1)

IB Questionbank Physics 6
(b) average net force required to accelerate the car in stage 2.

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................
(3)

(c) total distance travelled by the car in 12 s.

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

15. This question is about kinematics.

Lucy stands on the edge of a vertical cliff and throws a stone


vertically upwards.

The stone leaves her hand with a speed of 15 m s–1 at the instant her
hand is 80 m above the surface of the sea. Air resistance is
negligible and the acceleration of free fall is 10 m s–2.

(a) Calculate the maximum height reached by the stone as


measured from the point where it is thrown.

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................
(2)

IB Questionbank Physics 7
(b) Determine the time for the stone to reach the surface of the sea after leaving Lucy’s hand.

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 5 marks)

IB Questionbank Physics 8

Common questions

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The initial velocity of a projectile is a vector quantity affecting both vertical and horizontal components of its motion. A larger vertical component increases the maximum height, governed by the formula \(v^2 = u^2 + 2as\) where \(a\) is the acceleration due to gravity, while a larger horizontal component increases the horizontal range. Thus, adjusting the angle and magnitude of the initial velocity allows control over both height and distance .

When air resistance is negligible, objects in projectile motion or free fall are subjected only to gravity, simplifying the analysis to a single force situation. This means the objects will follow a predictable parabolic path determined solely by initial velocity and launch angle, without trajectory deviations due to aerodynamic forces .

A speed-time graph for a particle moving in a straight line provides information about both the distance travelled and the acceleration at any given instant. The area under the graph gives the total distance travelled, while the slope of the graph indicates the magnitude of the acceleration .

The variation in acceleration of a particle whose velocity changes over time is dictated by the rate of change of velocity. This is mathematically represented as the derivative of velocity with respect to time. In practical terms, any external forces or conditions, such as friction or applied force, that can affect the rate at which the velocity changes will influence the acceleration .

Displacement from a velocity-time graph is determined by calculating the area under the curve of the graph within the specific time interval. Each section of the graph under the curve corresponds to a portion of the displacement, and the sum of these areas gives the total displacement for the time interval considered .

The graph illustrates the relationship between acceleration and velocity by showing how the acceleration affects the change in velocity over a specific time interval. For example, an acceleration of a certain value for a duration results in a proportional change in velocity. If the acceleration graph shows a constant value over a time interval, this indicates a steady change in velocity, and if the graph has varying slopes, it indicates changing acceleration rates .

The average acceleration during the first stage is calculated by dividing the change in velocity by the time taken. With an initial velocity of 0 m/s and final velocity of 44 m/s over a span of 4 seconds, the average acceleration is \(\frac{44\, m/s - 0\, m/s}{4\, s} = 11\, m/s^2\).

The maximum height reached by the stone is calculated by first determining the vertical component of the velocity at the peak, which is zero. Using the initial speed of 15 m/s and the acceleration due to gravity (10 m/s²), the formula \(v^2 = u^2 + 2as\) can be used where \(v=0\), \(u=15\) m/s, and \(a=-10\) m/s², solving for \(s\) gives the maximum height from the initial point of throw .

The speed of a particle at a specific point on a displacement-time graph is indicated by the gradient of the tangent to the curve at that point. A steeper gradient implies a higher speed, whereas a shallower gradient implies a lower speed. Thus, by determining this slope, the instantaneous speed can be calculated .

In the absence of air resistance, two balls of different masses dropped from the same height will follow identical trajectories and reach the ground simultaneously. This shows that the mass does not affect the trajectory characteristics or the rate of free fall .

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