BASIC COMPUTER COURSE MANUAL

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BASIC COMPUTING
THEMATIC CONTENT Page
Presentation 4
I. La Computadora 5
What is my computer useful for? 5
2. Hardware, Basic Components 7
3. Hardware, Supplementary Components 7
General keyboard shortcuts 8
Operation of the mouse 9
4. Software, The operating system 9
1. Entrance 11
2. Processing 11
3. Storage 11
II. Knowing the Computer Directories and Files 14
What is the difference between a directory and a file? 14
2. Practical exercises with directories and files 14
3. How are files organized on my computer? 15
4. Is it possible to recover a file if I delete it by accident? 17
5. Components of a file. 18
6. Open a file, use the appropriate software package. 19
III. Internet and Browsers 20
1. Types of applications that require internet 20
2. Browsers, basic elements, and learning to use them 20
3. Manage favorites 22
4. Download content from the network 22
5. How to know which pages have been viewed on my computer?23
6. General internet safety tips 24
[Link] Engines 24
1. Google, basic search 24
2. Google results page 25
3. Google, Advanced Search 25
4. Búsqueda de imágenes 27
5. Other search engines 27
V. Email 28
What is email? 28
2. Create an email account (Various services) 28
Practical Activity 29
Bibliography and web links 31

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BASIC COMPUTING

Learning Achievement:
Apply basic computer knowledge in the creation of directories,
files, as well as internet browsing and creating electronic accounts.

1. Point out the importance of the computer, based on

from the information provided by the facilitator.
2. Recognize the devices of entry
processing and output of the computer in a
diagram.
Indicators of 3. Create directories and files, through the
achievement resolution of practical exercises.
4. Surf the internet, recognizing its applications
and downloading various content.
5. Use Google as the browser for the
basic information search.
6. Create a personal email, considering the type of
proveedor.

MODALIDAD:Presencial y Virtual
FACILITATOR: MBA José Bedregal Cáceres
Summary

The Basic Computing course is the strengthening that is provided to everyone.

the participants, with the aim of strengthening their basic digital skills,
it is of a theoretical-practical nature, because it will allow our participants to have
a greater knowledge about the computer, its components and applications,
it will likewise recognize its components through practice by creating directories
and files. Through the internet browser, you will download information,
images, among others, and will create a personal email according to the type of browser
your email provider

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PRESENTATION

ITEP is an educational entity that provides cutting-edge technological training.

technology, quality and innovation, is committed to the development of our country,
strengthening the intention to train competent technical technicians and professionals,
in accordance with the demands of the labor market at the highest level, based on values,
integrity and social responsibility.
The Technical Professional Institute 'ITEP' carries out continuous training programs.
not only to graduates and professionals from different productive sectors, but also
offers extension courses to workers and the general public, both from the sector
public as private, as part of its corporate social responsibility policy established in its plan
institutional strategic.
ITEP as a training institution has been recognized by the Ministry of Education
as a training entity for technicians and technical professionals, for more than 13 years and
Year after year, it is establishing itself as one of the leading institutions in the southern region.
of the country.

That said, this Basic Computing course has been created with the purpose
to provide relevant information to our participants and strengthen their capabilities
digital, for which the present guide has five sections such as:
presentation and objectives of the course, directories and files, internet and browsers,
search engines and email.
This course has the main objective of developing basic digital skills.
of our participants, using practice as resources during their development.

The Address

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I. The Computer
What is my computer useful for?

The computer is a machine designed to facilitate work and life.

people. With her we carry out calculations and designs, we write texts, we save
information, we send and receive messages, we access our courses
interest, we surf the Internet, among other things.
Computers are used in various tasks of daily life. This resource
Technology allows us to work, learn, and store information. It is important
get familiar with the equipment before starting to work with it. This will allow you
losing the classic fear that we all feel when facing something that
we do not know.

This electronic machine allows us to easily perform multiple tasks that

they are now part of our daily lives, such as writing letters or a sheet of
life, talking to people from other countries, making budgets, playing, and even surfing
on the internet.

Our computer does this by processing data to convert it into information.

útil para nosotros.

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2. Hardware, Basic Components

Hardware (equipment) is the physical part of a computer. This word is used

to designate all those components of the PC that are tangible such as
monitor, the CPU (central processing unit), the mouse, the printer, the
secondary storage units (floppy disk, CD, DVD), etc.

Computer components are basically divided into two groups: the parts
physical, known as hardware, and the intangible or virtual parts, called
Software. Software is the set of programs that makes it possible to operate the
computer. Being programs a set of instructions that allow to carry out
a function or task on the computer.

It is the part that you can see and touch of the devices. That is, all the
components of its physical structure such as screens and keyboards.

3. Hardware, Supplementary Components

The monitors, simply, similar to a television. The screen of

The monitor displays text and images to the user; they can be
of different sizes and shapes. Just like televisions, the
screens can display images in color or in black and white.

The CPU is a metal box that contains the components that

they make the computer work. Some are placed
horizontally on the desk and the monitor is placed on top.
The one you see in the drawing is a tower because it stands upright, in shape
vertical.

The keyboard is the device through which information is entered into the computer.
It looks like a typewriter keyboard.

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General keyboard shortcuts

CTRL + C Copy the selected elements

CTRL + X Cut the selected elements

CTRL + V Paste the previously copied or cut content

CTRL + Z It allows us to undo the last actions.

It is the opposite option to undo. Redoes the last one/s.

CTRL + Y
action(s) that we have undone.

CTRL + Home Go to the beginning of the document

CTRL + End It is directed to the end of the document.

Select everything from the cursor position to the

CTRL + SHIFT + End
end of the document

Windows + D Minimize all open windows

Windows + E Open a Windows Explorer window

ALT + F4 Close the current window

The mouse (or ratón, as it is called in

some places) is one of the
most used hardware elements
and performs the input function; it is
to say, is used to enter information
and commands to the computer. This
the device has two buttons and when
drag it over the table, it is visualized
the movement of a little arrow called
mouse pointer on the monitor screen.

If you take the mouse in your hand and look at the bottom of this small device,
you will see that it has a light (others have a little ball). This element is what allows you
move the mouse over the table or mouse pad to direct
move the mouse pointer to the position you want.

To move the mouse, gently place your hand over the mouse (as indicated)
the figure 1 below) and move it slowly over the table or mouse pad. You will notice that the
the pointer (enclosed in a circle in figure 2) also moves as
you move the mouse.

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Operation of the mouse

Moving the mouse around also moves it.

Move the pointer/cursor
the pointer on the screen.

It consists of clicking the left mouse button.

Click
and let it go (quickly).
It consists of pressing the right mouse button and
Right click
let it go.
Press the left button quickly twice.
Double-click
of the mouse

Hold down a mouse button while

it moves. When it does this, it usually
Drag
it will move whatever was under the mouse in the
screen.
Spinning the wheel that some have
Displace mice, will be moved to the document in the
window

4. Software, The operating system

These are the software programs that make it possible to carry out tasks.
specific within a computer. For example, operating systems,
applications, web browsers, games or programs.
These characteristics always go hand in hand. While the software provides the
operations, the hardware is the physical channel through which these functions can
to be realized.
Operating systems The internal operating systems were developed on
everything to coordinate and transfer the data flows coming from sources
different, such as disk drives or coprocessors (processing chips)
that execute operations simultaneously with the central unit, although they are
different). An operating system is a main control program, stored
permanently in memory, which interprets the user's commands that
requests various types of service, such as viewing, printing, or copying a
data file; presents a list of all existing files in a directory
or execute a certain program.
Why is an operating system important?
They are important because they allow you to interact with and give commands to the computer. Without
a computer without an operating system is useless.
Without the operating system, you wouldn't have the platform that supports the programs that you
allow writing letters, listening to music, browsing the internet or sending an email
electronic.

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What does the operating system do?

It manages the resources of the computer, that is, the software and hardware of your
team. It is the structure that supports and manages all the programs and parts of your
computer.
Operating systems for the computer
The operating system is already installed on the computer and most of the
people do not make modifications to it. However, it is possible to update it or
change it.
All operating systems use a graphical user interface. That is,
that allows you to use the mouse to click on the icons,
buttons or interact with any other element to perform actions or tasks.
This is how we command the computer what to do.
The most common operating systems that exist for computers or those that
you will be offered in the market when you are looking for a team are: Microsoft
Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux.
Microsoft Windows
It was developed in the 1980s. Its most recent versions are
Windows 10; Windows 8, created in the year 2012; Windows 7, in 2009; and
Windows Vista, created in 2007.
Windows comes pre-installed on most new computers, this
it is known as the most popular operating system.
Mac OS X
It is the operating system created by Apple Inc. and is installed on all its
computers. All recent versions are known as MacOS X and the
the specific names of each of these are: Mavericks, released in 2013;
Mountain Lion, in 2012; Lion, in 2011 and Snow Leopard which was created in the
2009.
Apple also offers a version called MacOS X Server that is designed for
execute on the servers.
Linux Ubuntu
It is an open-source operating system, which means it can be modified.
and distributed by anyone around the world. This is one of its
advantages, since you don't have to pay for it and you can choose between the different
existing versions.
In home computers, Linux, despite being free, is very little used.
used, but most servers in companies use Linux because it is easy
to personalize.
The most popular versions are Ubuntu, Debian, Linux Mint, and Fedora; look for one.
that adapts to your tastes and needs.
The graphical user interface of each operating system has a different appearance,
so switching from one system to another may feel strange at first, but
Don't worry, they all have very similar functions.

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All operating systems are designed to be easy to use and the

the basic principles are the same in any of them. Probably, if you know
if you can manage one, you will easily adapt to another.
Before the graphical user interface (GUI) was created, people used
keyboard commands to communicate with the computer.
Functions of the computer
Computers use hardware to perform four basic functions:
1. Entrance
The information that you enter into the computer corresponds to the function.
input devices. The devices used to enter information into the computer
they are called input devices, and these are the keyboard and the mouse.
2. Processing
When a person inputs information or gives instructions to the computer, it
executes them through data processing. The CPU (or Central Processing Unit)
Processing is the part that processes the instructions, performs calculations and
manages the flow of information. The CPU is known as the 'brain of the
computer" and it is a small piece that is inside the box, cabinet, or tower of the
computador.
3. Storage
The computer can use internal or external devices to store (or
save) the information that you enter or generate. The information can be
stored while you work, at the end of your work and/or when closing a program.
These storage devices include hard disk drives (which are
found inside the computer box or cabinet), the CDs (discs
flash drives), floppy disks and pen drives. Pen drives are small devices for
portable storage devices that usually come in the shape of a pen or keychain.
4. Exit
The information that the computer shows you is the one that corresponds to the
output function. Output devices are, for example, the monitor,
printer and the speakers
Differences between desktop and laptop computers
There are many types of computers, they come in different shapes and sizes. Each
one offers features that can meet your needs. It all depends on the
purpose with which you wish to acquire it.
Desktop computers
They are also called desktop computers. They are the most common in the
houses and offices.
They cannot be carried because they depend on electric power and are
compounds of many parts. Furthermore, you can add more parts or peripherals to them,
like a webcam, a printer, headphones or a microphone.

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One of the benefits of desktop computers is their low cost. If

we compare its price with that of a laptop with the same features it is much
more economical.
Laptops

They are computers that you can take from one place to another because they have all the
integrated parts into a single piece of smaller size and weight.
Unfortunately, you can't make many improvements to them like you can to a computer.
desktop because it is difficult to access its internal components, except for the
battery that is rechargeable and replaceable.
Parts of a laptop
Touchpad
Also known as trackpad, it is a touch-sensitive pad that allows
control the pointer when moving with your finger.
Most touchpads include multitouch gestures that perform specific tasks.
making gestures with one or more fingers.

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Battery
When you connect the battery to the outlet and in turn to the laptop, it
recharge. Another benefit of having a battery is that you have energy from
reserve not to have electricity. Each laptop has a battery that,
As long as it is charged, it allows you to use it without needing to be connected.
AC adapter

A laptop generally has a specialized power cord.

It is designed to be used with this type of equipment. Some of these cables
they use magnetic connectors that easily disconnect and securely
disconnecting abruptly from the computer, no serious accidents will occur at
team in case of stumbling upon them. This also helps to avoid damage to the
cables.
Ports
Most laptops have connection ports similar to desktop computers.
desk, just like the USB port, the headphone connector or the
Ethernet connection, although in fewer numbers to save space. Some ports
They can be different and you may need an adapter to use them.

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II. Knowing the Computer Directories and Files

1. What is the difference between a directory and a file?
A file is nothing more than a set of related bytes that are on disk or
another means, to which a name is assigned that will be used to refer to it
file. A directory is nothing more than a common file to which has been imposed
a particular structure.
Most of the time they are interchangeable terms. The directory is a term
classic used since the early days of file systems while
that the folder is a kind of descriptive name that may sound more familiar
for Windows users.
The main difference is that a folder is a logical concept that does not
necessarily refers to a physical directory. A directory is an object of
file system. A folder is a graphical object.
If one refers to a document container, the term folder is more
appropriate. The term refers directory to the way of a structured list of
Documents of the files and folders are stored on the computer. It is comparable.
to a directory phone that contains lists of names, addresses, and numbers and
it does not contain the own documents.
2. Practical exercises with directories and files
Exercise 1: Create a folder structure
a) Create the following folder structure on the drive of your choice.

Exercise 2: Copy and Move Folders or Files

a) Search the PC's disk for any file with a .doc extension
b) Copy the document found in the previous point to the folder Exercise 2
Move the entire Exercise 2 folder to the Exercise 1 folder
Exercise 3: Obtain several copies of a file in the same folder
a) Create the following folder structure in the drive of your choice.

b) In the folder Access create two Notepad files named document1 and
document2.
c) Once the two documents are created, try to copy document1 twice in
the Excel folder and name them document1_a and document1_b.

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Exercise 4: Find the last created file

a) Open Windows Explorer and navigate to a folder that has several
files and find the most recently created one.

b) Sort the files by the creation date.

c) Now sort them in alphabetical order

3. How are the files organized on my computer?

Explorers are an indispensable tool in your Operating System, as
with her we can organize and control the files and folders of the different
storage systems we have, such as the hard drive,
CD unit, DVD unit, USB memory, etc.
Windows Explorer is also known as File Manager.
Files. Through it, we can view, delete, copy, or move files and
folders.
We advise you to pay special attention to this issue due to its great importance.
We will start from the fact that we have a folder open with Windows Explorer.
Organizing the files involves deciding according to what criteria we group them.
we show.
We can do it from the file list, with the Organize by menu. To
deploy the menu they appear
las opcionesCarpeta,Mes,día,Clasificación,EtiquetayBorrar changes
enclosed in three groups, separated by thin lines.

• Folder: It is the default option and the one we have been seeing throughout the
theme. It means that the files are organized by folders and
subfolders. Each file is located in its containing folder
corresponding.
• Month, day, classification and Tag: Surely you recognize them, they are properties and the
we have seen as headers in the detail list. It is the information that the
the system has a certain file. If we organize by month and day,
we will see the files organized by date. In the case of the images, the date

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of capture. We could also organize our music by Album,

for Gender Interpreter. If we include the detailed information about our
we can get a lot of performance from these organizational options,
without the need to create folders to organize ourselves.

• Deletechanges: It will show us the list of files with the original view. This
Option is only allowed when we view files by folders.
These same organizational options are also available in the menu.
context of the File List. We right-click with the mouse on the
empty area of this zone and the menu with the option Sort by is displayed.
When organizing files or folders, what we do is indicate according to what
property arranges the list and in which direction. For example, we could sort
byName, in Ascending order, this is how the files would be displayed
alphabetically from Aa to Z. The two ways to sort are:
Through the headers of the File List, we can see if we are
viewing the files in Detail view. We just have to click on the
property and alternatively changes from ascending to descending, so if
we are used to using this view, it can be very comfortable and fast for us
ordenar según diferentes criterios según nos interese.

And through a contextual menu: by right-clicking with the mouse on

the surface of the File List. We select Sort by and we will have
available the different sorting options. The menu shows three areas or
groups: The first to choose the property by which to sort, the second to
decide if we want it to be Ascending or Descending and the third option, More...
It is to modify the available properties for sorting.
In the following image, you will be able to see how the files are organized, already
be by name, creation date, or in ascending and descending order.

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It also allows us to choose the Group by option from the context menu.
The structure is almost identical to the Sort By menu. It can be useful in listings.
extensive. This option includes a small header in the File List that
it separates the elements into groups. For example, if we grouped
by Name, we would have the files in blocks by letters.

We must bear in mind that grouping takes precedence over ordering. This means
to say that if we group byName and sort byDate, we will have the files
by alphabetical groups (letterA, letterB, etc.) and within each group is where it
I would apply sorting by date.
To remove the sorting, we will open the menu again and choose (None).
The option is only available if we have previously grouped. If you pay attention to
the options to sort by, you will notice that the options
marked with black dots. This means they are exclusive, that is, they do not
we will be able to choose two different criteria at the same time. We will not be able to sort then.
by name and within those that are called the same, by size or date.

4. Is it possible to recover a file if I accidentally delete it?

If you accidentally deleted important files on your computer, to
we present you some tricks and tips to recover them before
it is very late.
It only takes a second, a little oversight, a click too many, to ruin the
work of your life by accident. But not everything is lost, there is still a glimmer of

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hope to try to recover images, documents, and even videos after

have been eliminated.

Let's see what tricks, tips, and applications you need to recover
a file accidentally deleted on the PC:
How to recover deleted files
Method 1: Check the Recycle Bin
The Recycle Bin is an extraordinary invention of Windows that is used to hold
for a certain amount of time to the files that you have decided to delete from
your PC. Its storage capacity amounts to a small percentage of your
hard drive, therefore, when it is full, it starts to automatically say goodbye to
the oldest documents.
To recover your file, you just need to double-click on the thumbnail that appears in
the screen and track the name of whatever you have deleted. When it
find it, right-click on it and choose the Restore option.
You will also be able to retrieve all the documents that are there.
clicking on the Restore all Items option, but you must be careful
with this decision, they will reappear simultaneously and in the place they were from
farewells.
This alternative is extremely efficient if you notice the error promptly and not
you perform a complete cleanup of the Recycle Bin. In the unfortunate case
On the contrary, here we present the second solution.
If you can't find a file on the device or have modified or deleted a file
by mistake, you can restore it from a backup (if you use Backup
Windows security) or you can try restoring it from a previous version. The
Previous versions are copies of files and folders that Windows keeps.
automatically as part of a restore point. Previous versions of
sometimes they are called snapshots.
To restore a file from a backup, make sure that the medium or
the unit where the backup is located is available and follows these
steps:
To restore files from a backup
To open backup and restore, select the start button, select Control Panel
from control, select system and maintenance and then click on copy
of security and restoration.
Select Restore my files and follow the steps of the wizard.

5. Components of a file.
In the field ofcomputer science, An 'archive' is referred to as an element of information.
composed of a sum of records (combinations of bytes). They carry this
name for being the digitized equivalents of the files previously described. Both
this is how many of the "paper" files are currently being digitized, to

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reduce their physical size and facilitate their organization and search. The files
Informaticians, in general, share some common characteristics:
• Name. Each file is identifiable by a name, which cannot coincide.
with another one in the same location.
• Extension. Files have an optional extension, which often indicates
in its format.
• Size. As mentioned, they are composed of a series ofbytesthat determine
its size. It can reach kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes.
• [Link] addition to the name and the extension, they usually have other.
characteristics. Within these characteristics, the protection of can appear
file, which means limited permission for thereadingor modification.
• Location. All files belong to a specific place in
thecomputer(or incidentally outside of it), the so-called space of
storage. Most are stored on hard drives, which
They are organized hierarchically in folders and subfolders. There exists
necessarily a pathway to that place, which starts with the disk at
that refers to (C:, D:).
• Format. The way the file will be interpreted depends on its format,
among those are the formats oftext,executable, fromdataof image, of
audio, video, among many others.
The way computers organize files is commonly called systems
of files and depend on theoperating system with which one is working. The
archivos pueden ser ejecutables o no ejecutables, según si funcionan en sí mismos
(how it can be a PC game) or if they need another application to load them
(como un documento de Word.

6. Open a file, use the appropriate software package.

The information of a computer is stored in what are called files.

Files are usually made up of a name, a dot, and an extension.
(e.g. [Link]). The name helps us to differentiate some files from
others and the extension to assign specific properties to it. These properties
associated or 'file type' is given by the letters that make up the extension.
Usually, the maximum is three letters, although there are some exceptions (.jpeg,
.html, .java, etc.). Each of these small groups of characters is associated with
a type of file.
The most common file types are:
• From text: txt, doc, docx, etc.
• Image: jpg, gif, bmp, png, etc.
• Video: avi, mp4, mpeg, mwv, etc.
• Execution or system: exe, bat, dll, sys, etc.
• Audio: mp3, wav, wma, etc.
• Of compressed file: zip, rar, tar, etc.

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• Reading: pdf, epub, azw, ibook, etc.

• Disk image: iso, mds, img, etc.

III. Internet and Browsers

Types of applications that require the internet

There are applications such as webmail, wikis, blogs, online stores, and the
Wikipedia itself questions well-known examples of web applications. It is
It is important to mention that a website can contain elements that allow
an active communication between the user and the information.
2. Browsers, basic elements and learning to use them
Until a few years ago, when the need arose to be informed or trained on
a topic, the acquisition and selection of information used to be done through a
library consulting some book or an encyclopedia or buying it.
Today, most of us use the Internet for these purposes. But, with so much information
available what we need to know is which one interests us, where to find it, how
obtain it and the best way to manage it. With the help of the browsers of
The WWW facilitates the tasks of localization and acquisition, but knowing what it is that
Well, what interests us and how to use it are more complex issues.
Browsers:
A web browser, in English 'browser', is a program that
allows you to view the information contained on a web page. They are also used
to view files that use the same format as the documents in the
Internet.
And why do we need browsers to visit these sites? This is due to
that the format of the documents on the web is quite particular, to allow the
use of the links that we all know, among other elements. To achieve
this, pages are coded using specialized languages, which only the
browsers can read. Just as we use Microsoft Word to visualize
files .doc, we will use a browser to be able to view .html and .php files, among others.
other extensions used on the network.
List of browsers:
This list is not exhaustive, but it includes the most recognized browsers:

Es elnavegadordeInternetmás utilizado de la
current events. However, it is not always chosen as the
better since shortcomings are recognized compared to others
web browser options.
This free Microsoft browser is integrated
Windows as new versions were
Internet Explorer appearing, it was modernizing and incorporating
innovative functions of their competitors.

For its simplicity, stability, and the large number of

possibilities that Mozilla Firefox offers

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in the best browser that exists. The good thing too

is based on being a code browser
open (meaning that its source code is released or
available freely). Because it is multiplatform can
Mozilla Firefox support different operating systems.

The Opera Browser is one of the best browsers.

that exists today. It was created by the company
Norway Opera Software in the year 1994. It has great
speed, security, and standard support. It is of
reduced size and is constantly innovating as
Opera Error-free versions are released weekly.
and improved for different PC platforms such as
Windows, Mac, and Unix.

It is a web browser developed by Google.

compiled based on open source code components.
The Chrome browser window is functional,
clear and simple. It is available for free under
Google Chrome specific terms of service. Chrome also
includes functions that are designed for use
effective and simple.

Netscape Navigator competed head to head with

Internet Explorer a few years ago and in the
current affairs lost ground due to the emergence of
new technologies and offers regarding navigation
Web.
Netscape
This Apple browser grows more every day in the
market. Although it is far from taking the first place in
As for web explorers, it has many
redeemable characteristics that make it worthy to be
included in the list of the best browsers.
Safari
Search engines:
A search engine is a webpage where you can consult a database on the
how web page addresses relate to their content. It is a site designed
to facilitate the user's search for specific information on the Internet.
The service provided by search engines is based on combined hardware systems,
software and, in many cases, the intervention of people who evaluate and select
the websites. To stay updated about the content of the Web, the
Search engines use programs called web crawlers, which jump from one page to another.
web to another collecting addresses and storing all the information in gigantic
databases. These databases can include the title of the pages, a
descripción de la información encontrada, palabras clave y una lista de sitios
related.
Search engines have greatly expanded the range of services they offer, due to
example:

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• Search results accompanied by comments from an editor or

rated according to user votes.
• Translation of web pages to and from different languages.
• Different versions of search sites, tailored to the user's country.
• Language selection of the web pages to limit the search.
• Search for personal data (email, phone, postal address).
General search sites
• High view, [Link]
• Excite, [Link]
• Google, [Link]
• HotBot, [Link]
• Lycos, [Link]
• Metacrawler (is a metasearch engine, meaning it searches using the
resources from various search engines at the same timepo),[Link]

3. Manage favorites
How to add a favorite
1. On the computer, open Chrome.
2. Go to the place you want to visit again in the future.
3. To the right of the address bar, click on the star
.
How to search for a favorite
1. On the computer, open Chrome.
2. In the upper right corner, click on More Favorites.
3. Search for a favorite and click on it.
Suggestion: You can open your favorites faster with the favorites bar.
You will find your favorites in the address bar. To open one, click on it.
To enable or disable the favorites bar, click on
More Favorites Show favorites bar.

4. Descargar contenido de la red

There are many types of files that can be downloaded from the Internet: documents,
images, videos, applications, extensions, and toolbars for the
browser, in addition to many others. When you select a file that you want
descargar, Internet Explorer te preguntará qué quieres hacer con él. A continuación
we explain some of the things you can do, depending on the type of file
that you are going to download:

• Open the file to view it, but do not save it on the device.

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• Save the file in the default download location of the computer. One
once Internet Explorer performs a security check and finishes
download the file, you will be able to open it, open the folder where it is stored or
see it in the Download Manager.
• Save as, with a different name or file type, or in another location
equipment download.
• Run the application, the extension or another type of file. After that
Internet Explorer will perform a security scan, the file will open and will
will run on your PC.
• Cancel the download and browse the Internet again.
• You can also save smaller files, such as individual images,
on the team. Right-click on the image, link, or file that
Do you want to save and select Save image or Save destination as.
• Search for the downloaded files on the device
The download manager keeps track of the images, the
documents and other files downloaded from the Internet. The downloaded files are
are automatically saved in the Downloads folder. Typically, this folder is
find in the drive where Windows is installed (for example,
C:\users\your_name\downloads). You can always move the downloads from the
Downloads folder to other places on your PC.

5. How to know which pages have been viewed on my computer?

All web browsers save and log in temporary files called the
History, information about the pages the user has accessed.
These data accumulate until they are deleted at the user's request, to
free up space or lighten the load of the program, since over time this database of
data is increasing in size and reducing the browser's performance.
Viewing the History allows you to have accurate statistics of all locations.
visited, makes it easier in case you share the use of your computer, to be able to
verify and control the sites and web pages that others have accessed
people.
It also makes it possible to identify addresses of sites accessed previously,
that interest us and we cannot remember the name.
In Google Chrome
• Access the Options in the wrench icon in the upper right corner, in
you will see the History available in the menu.

• Use the CTRL+H keys.

• Type or copy and paste into the address bar: chrome://history/ and press
Enter.
In Google Chrome, you can search the content of the History, as well as select
pages and by using the Edit option, delete them if you do not want them to
show more.

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6. General internet safety tips

• Make sure before buying online.
• Get a good antivirus.
• Do not trust public networks.
• Caution with received emails and suspicious links.
• Watch out for the well-known 'internet of things'

• Prevents cyber attacks.

• Increase the security of your passwords.
• Do not share your geolocation information.

IV. Search Engines

1. Google, basic search

Get some tricks and tips that will help you find information.
easily on Google.
Suggestion 1: Start with the basics
Whatever you are looking for, start with a simple search, like where is the
nearest airport? You can add some descriptive words if necessary.
If you are looking for a place or a product in a specific location, include it.
example, bakery seattle.
Suggestion 2: Perform voice searches
Are you tired of typing? To search by voice, say 'Ok Google' or
select the Microphone.
Suggestion 3: Choose your words carefully
When you are thinking about what words to write in the search box, choose the
which will probably appear on the site you are looking for. For example, instead of
Tell me, my head hurts, headache pain, because that is the phrase that would be used in
a medical site.
Suggestion 4: Don't worry about what doesn't matter.
• Spelling The Google spell checker uses the most common spelling of
a specific word automatically, regardless of whether you wrote it
correctly.
• Uppercase: you will get the same results whether you search for New York Times or new
York Times.
Suggestion 5: Find quick answers
Para muchas búsquedas, Google se encargará de mostrarte una respuesta a tu
question in the search results. Some elements, like the information
About sports equipment, they are not available in all regions.

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2. Google search results page

When you perform a search on Google, you find thousands or even millions of
matching web pages. The most relevant results are displayed at the top.
To search for more web results, click Next or More results at the bottom
bottom of the search results page.
How to perform searches without omitting results
When you reach the end of the results, you may find a message that
It indicates that some entries were omitted. This happens when the entries are
similar to those of the results that are already shown. That is to say, they are omitted if we believe
that the results following the message do not differ significantly from the content
previously relevant.
To continue searching and see those results, click on the link in the message.
Suggestion: Generally, Google does not show more than 40 pages of results.
for any search. Ultimately, it involves hundreds of results that to
they are sufficient to conduct in-depth research. To define better
to search and get more information, enter a related query.
How to see all the results of a search
If no verifiable matches are found for your search, it is possible that
you receive a message indicating that the results may not be what you want or
there are no good matches for your search.
To achieve better results, you can do the following:
• Rewrite the search with more general words.
• Click on the All tab to see a broader range of results.

3. Google, Advanced Search

First of all, it is vital to understand that Google does not conduct searches in a way
literal, so searching solely based on keywords may not be the best
suitable. In that sense, the first tool, useful for any journalist, is about
from Google's advanced search, it can optimize the process of
exploration, since it allows for a quicker and more specific inquiry of the
information.
Performing this type of search is very simple; it is enough to accompany the words.
key with one or more commands. The latter are words, characters, or operators.
that browsers understand as an instruction.
The only thing to do is to enter the keywords in the search engine with one or
several operators. Some of those recommended by Ponce de León we leave to
continuation with other additions.
Search operators
Operator Function Example
Find pages what contain
words
exactly the words that are between the "Nikola tesla"
key
quotes

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Find pages that include any

OR Tesla OR Edison
of the words included in the search
This operator has the same functionality
| of 'OR'. Useful if the Caps-lock of the tesla | edison
the computer is not working

() Allows combining operators (tesla OR edison)

– Exclude any word after the hyphen Tesla - motors
This is a wildcard and will match
* tesla 'rock * roll'
any word
Tesla
Find the included numbers and the interval
#..# announcements
among them
#2015..2017#
Look for prices with the dollar sign ($).
tesla deposit
$ you can combine ($) and (.) to find
$1000
exact prices like $19.99
Search prices with the dollar sign ($).
€ most of the other currency signs not €9.99 lunch deals
appear on Google
in Convert a value from one unit to another 250 kph in mph is approximately 155.34 mph.

website: It throws results from that specific website site:[Link]

time: It says the time in a specific location time:colombia

Advanced search operators

Operator Function Example

Returns pages with the exact phrase in title: "tesla" vs
intitle:
edison title
Throw pages with any of the allintitle: tesla vs
allintitle:
specified words Edison
Tesla announcements
inurl: Throw pages with the exact phrase in the URL
inurl:2016
allinurl: amazon
Includes pages with any of the
allinurl: field-keywords
specified words
nikon
Throw pages with the exact phrase in the intext: 'orbi vs eero'
intext:
text or in the body of the page vs google wifi
It throws pages with any of the
allintext: orbi eero
allintext: words specified in the text or body
google wifi
from the page
tesla
Only show results with that file
filetype: announcements
concrete
filetype:pdf

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4. Image search
You can consult more information about an image or about the objects that you
they are using image search. For example, you can take a photo of
a plant and use it to search for information or other similar images.
What can you find when making searches
The results may include the following:
• Objects that appear in the image
• Similar images
• Websites that contain that image or a similar one

5. Other search engines

1. Google (69,80 %)
The Google search engine or Google web search is a search engine in the
The web property of Alphabet Inc. is the most used search engine on the Web.
receives hundreds of millions of queries every day through its different services.
The main objective of the Google search engine is to search for text on web pages, in
place of another type of data.
2. Bing (13.31 %)
As an online search engine, Bing's main goal is to connect users to the
users with the most relevant search results on the Internet, providing
easy access to quality content produced by web publishers. For
do it, automatically track the Internet to generate an index of new pages
and updated (or URLs) to display as a result set of
relevant searches to a search or action initiated by the user. The content
these pages may contain or refer to various resources or content
online, such as websites, images, videos, documents, etc. The results of
searches are obtained through computer algorithms that associate the terms of
search that you write with the results of its index.
3. Baidu (12.53%)
Baidu is the number 1 search engine in China. It offers a nearly identical service
all of Google. Highlight its audio file / mp3 search section.
4. Yahoo! Search (2.11%)
Yahoo! Search is the search engine that helps you find exactly what
What are you looking for? Find the information, videos, images, and answers most
relevant from all over the Web.
5. Yandex (1.19%)
Traditionally, the task of any search engine was to find
information on the Internet. But now that role has expanded. The Internet can no longer
see it as something separate from the reality that surrounds us, and the search engines
now they have to search for all kinds of things, not only online but also all over the
offline world. And they not only seek things and find them, but they also provide
useful suggestions in any real-life situation.

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6. Ask (0.18%)
[Link], originally known as Ask Jeeves, is a search engine
Internet. It was the first commercial question-answer search engine developed.
for the Internet. It allows a wide variety of queries made in English, so
like traditional keyword searches, and aims for searches
sean más intuitivas que con los otros buscadores web.
V. Email
What is email?
Email is a free service where you can send and receive
instant messages over the Internet, including photographs or
files of all kinds.

What do you need to use email?

To use it, you only need a computer that has an internet connection and to open or
create an email account.
You don't need the people you send messages to be connected to the Internet.
at the same time as you, nor should you be connected to the Internet all the
time to receive them.
2. Create an email account (Various services)
How to create a Gmail Account
To sign up for Gmail, create a Google Account. You can use the name of
username and password to access Gmail and other Google products, such as
YouTube, Google Play, and Google Drive.
Go to the Google Account creation page.
2. Follow the steps that appear on the screen to set up your account.
3. Use the account you created to access Gmail.
The username I want to use is not available
You will not be able to get a Gmail address if the username you requested:
• It is already in use.

• It is very similar to an existing username (for example, if

ejemplo@[Link] already exists, you cannot use ejemp1o@[Link].
• It is the same as the username that another user used in the past and then deleted.
• It is reserved by Google to prevent spam or abuse.

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PRACTICAL ACTIVITY

Now that you have completed the basic computer course, I invite you to
resolve the following questions and practical exercises.

1. Read the additional information, answer and solve the following practical exercises.

TASK 1: Read carefully what the following link says

[Link]
in our livesand respond about the importance of the computer

TASK 2: In the following box, recognize the devices through images.

input, processing, and output of the computer

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 MANUAL DEL CURSO DE COMPUTACIÓN BÁSICA

TASK 3: Using your PC, complete the following exercises

Exercise 1: Create a folder structure

a) Create the following folder structure in the drive of your choice.

Exercise 2: Copy and Move folders or files

a) Search the PC's disk for any file with a .doc extension
b) Copy the document found in the previous point to the folder Exercise 2
c) Move the entire folder Exercise 2 to the folder Exercise 1
Exercise 3: Obtain several copies of a file in the same folder
a) Create the following folder structure in the drive of your choice.

In the Access folder, create two Notepad files named

document1 and document2.
c) Once the two documents have been created, try to copy document1 twice.
in the Excel folder and name them document1_a and document1_b.

TASK 4: In the following box, paste images of the different browsers

TAREA 5:Crea un e-mail personal en la cuenta de gmail.

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Bibliography
• L. López Luján (National School of Anthropology and History, Mexico), "The
"Mexica, last lords of Mesoamerica", in Great Encyclopedia of Spain and
America, vol. 1, Espasa-Calpe/Argantonio, Madrid, 1983, pp. 170-188.
• M. Lucena et al., "Los aztecas", en Historia de Iberoamérica, vol. 1, Cátedra,
Madrid, 1987.
• J. L. Rojas, The Aztecs. Between the God of Rain and the God of War, Anaya, Madrid,
1988.
• J. L. Rojas, The Aztecs, Col. 'Ibero-American Library', Anaya, Madrid, 1988.
Ballesteros et. al., The Aztecs, Cuadernos de Historia 16, no. 27, Madrid, 1985.
• T. Castello, Presence of Pre-Hispanic Food, Banamex, Mexico, 1986.
• G. W. Conrad, Religion and Empire. Dynamics of Aztec and Inca Expansionism.
Alliance, Madrid, 1988.
• F. Díaz Infante, The Education of the Aztecs, Panorama Editorial S.A., Mexico
1985.
• López Austín, Tarascos and Mexicas, SEP/80 and Economic Culture Fund,
Mexico, 1981.
• M. Lucena et al., The Aztecs in the History of Ibero-America, vol. 1, Cátedra,
Madrid, 1987.
• M. Lucena, Pre-Colombian America, Col. "Basic History Library", Anaya,
Madrid, 1989.
• M. Lucena, Así vivían los aztecas, Anaya, Madrid, 1992.
• E. Matos, Life and Death in the Templo Mayor, Oceano, Mexico, 1986.

Web links

• Basic computing for adults, taken from:

Unable to translate since the content is a video link..
• Basic computing for beginners, taken from:
[Link]
• Complete computer course: taken from:
[Link]

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