YEAR OF THE FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION AND IMPUNITY

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
Professional School of Mechanical Engineering

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A MCI ONLINE AND IN V

ALUMNO:

- Surnames and names

Nuevo Chimbote, 23 de octubre del 2019

1
Content
I.- OBJECTIVE........................................................................................................................ 3

II.- THEORETICAL BASIS ..................................................................................... 3

III.- RESULTS ............................................................................................................ 11

IV.-CONCLUSIONS......................................................................................................... 12

V.- BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................... 12

VI.- ANNEXES...................................................................................................................... 13

2
I.- OBJECTIVE

To know how to differentiate between an inline internal combustion engine and a V engine.

II.- THEORETICAL FOUNDATION

This type of engines is characterized by having the cylinders arranged in a vertical line.

one after another. This type of blocks can be offered from two up to eight cylinders.

aunque el bloque con cuatro cilindros es el más utilizado hoy en día, ya que en motores de 6

cylinders or more, the length of the crankshaft is too long, which can produce vibrations

or worse, its deformation or breakage. Curiously, this is the easiest architecture to build.

and repair for what is not surprising that it is the most used.

In smaller vehicles, we can find only 3 cylinders. On the other hand, BMW

It is known for its 6 inline cylinders and other Volvo models feature 5 inline cylinders.

Fig. 1. Inline 6-cylinder engine block.

3
 The most common arrangement today is inline cylinders.

In the market, the supply is quite broad and we can find blocks of this type starting from two.

up to six inline cylinders. From largest to smallest: with two cylinders we find the small Fiat

The 0.9-liter Twin Air (which we have already tested in the Fiat 500) with three cylinders now has more options.

in several brands (the 1.0 Ecoboost from Ford won the engine of the year award in this category).

Above are the most popular ones, the four-cylinder ones that are present in almost all.

car manufacturers today. Although they are few, we can also find some

five-cylinder inline block, like the 2.5 TFSI we tested in the Audi TT RS. From six

line cylinders, BMW is one of the great leaders with such good examples as the

of the BMW M4. Historically, there have also been inline eight-cylinder engines, but their

dimensions have limited its use in cars.

Advantages

Simple construction

Reduced width

For four-stroke engines with six cylinders (inline six, R6) or more (number

pair of cylinders) and a longitudinally symmetrical crankshaft, all the moments and

The first and second order inertial forces are balanced.

Relatively cheap to produce

It is also easy to design it with air cooling.

Las variantes con diferentes números de cilindros son posibles a partir de un diseño básico

modular of the cylinders and the cylinder head (typical Deutz design)

4
 With 6 cylinders, these engines are inherently balanced, while with 4 they are not.

they are, contrary to what happens for the configurations in V and boxer for 4 cylinders.

Disadvantages

High longitudinal space requirement for more than four cylinders

With six or more cylinders, the torsional vibrations of the crankshaft are more difficult to

to control

Longitudinally mounted air-cooled engines can experience

cooling problems related to the rear cylinders

In the popular four-stroke inline four-cylinder engines, the forces of

Second-order free inertias are not balanced, although it is possible to use

a Lanchester Compensation to avoid it.

One disadvantage of a transverse engine is the fact that the moment of inertia of the crankshaft

and the flywheel produce a rocking effect in the vehicle during gear changes

engine regime. This considerably worsens the ride comfort and is more disturbing

which is the pitching moment around the transverse axis when the rate is increased or decreased

of the engine.

V engine

Definition

It has the cylinders arranged in two blocks joined by the base or bed and forming a certain

angle (60º, 90º, etc.). This engine is used for 6 cylinders and above for passenger cars and 2 cylinders.

for motorcycles. This construction method is advantageous for a number of cylinders greater than 6,

since it is more compact, which means the crankshaft, being shorter, operates under better conditions.

It has the disadvantage that distribution becomes complicated as it must have double the number of trees.

5
to lifts that an inline engine, which brings with it a drive (timing belts) more

difficult and with more maintenance.

In the V engine, the cylinders are grouped into two blocks or rows of cylinders forming a

V letters that converge at the same crankshaft. In these engines, the intake air is sucked in.

inside the V and the exhaust gases expelled from the left and right sides (L and R).

It is used in engines with 2 cylinders or more, as is the case with many motorcycles, see for

For example, the typical Ducati engine, there are also V4 engines for motorcycles. In cars, there are V6 engines.

They tend to be the most common although there have been V4 and even V5, as it shortens the length of the

motor halfway. The opening of the V varies from 54º or 60º up to 90º or 110º depending on

all of the cylinder number to try to homogenize the torque as much as possible and nullify the

second order alternating forces. Although the most common are 90º and 60º, the VR6 engine of

Volkswagen has a V6 with just a 15º angle of opening, which allows for a slight reduction in length.

of the engine (in transverse arrangement)

6
 Fig. 2. V6 engine block.

There are several V engine configurations, the most common are:

V engine (V6)

V6 is an internal combustion engine configuration in which 6 cylinders are arranged

in two banks of 3 cylinders joined at the bottom, forming a 'V'. These engines

they can to be so much of cycle Otto, how of cycle Diesel.

In the past, inline 6-cylinder engines were predominant, as there was no need

to produce compact engines, once cars were produced with rear-wheel drive.

The factors that contribute most to making V6 engines more suitable than 6 engines.

cylinders in line are: the generalization of the use of front-wheel drive, and the current trend of

aesthetic, in which the wedge-shaped front predominates, requiring compact engines

generally mounted in a transverse position. In general terms, it could be said that the

V6 engines have a greater refinement and smoothness compared to 4-cylinder engines.

operation and a more uniform response in terms of power delivery.

It is also known that the mechanical longevity of these is usually greater than others with a smaller number.

of cylinders although the latter usually have lower power and consumption.

7
 V6 Engine

V engine (V8)

The V8 is a very common configuration for trucks, large cars, and in the

called 'muscle cars'. Their engine displacement is rarely less than 3.0L and has reached

approach 9.0L. The most common angle between banks is 90º. This configuration achieves

a wide and low engine in dimensions. Like many V6 and V10 engines have been obtained from

the designs of the V8 usually use the 90º angle as well, but with some changes, such as

for example, more complex connecting rods, to equalize the ignition cycle.

There are two types of V8 that differ by the type of crankshaft. The cross-plane V8 is the typical one.

V8 configuration used in automobiles. The first and the last of the four connecting rods are at

180° in relation to the others such as the second and third, each pair is at an angle

90º from the other, so that, viewed from the end of the crankshaft, it is a cross. The cross-plane.

it can achieve a very good balance, but requires large counterweights on the crankshaft. The

flat-plane design is based on the crankshaft of 4-cylinder engines with 180º angles, which

they are indeed the most common engine configuration in the industry. The angle between banks in

8
a flat-plane can be 90º or 180º, this engine generates vibrations throughout the stroke of the

pistons, due to a higher speed at the top of the pistons' stroke in

comparison with the speed at the bottom of the route. To counteract this type of

vibrations, counter-rotating bars are used that rotate at double the speed of the crankshaft. At

Unlike the cross-plane engine, the flat-plane does not require heavy counterweights.

V8 Engine

V10

The two rows of 5 cylinders in the V10 normally have an opening of 60º or 90º between the two.

rows. Each row is a block of 5 cylinders in line, with a configuration characterized by

its operation without vibrations, so it does not require counter-rotating balance shafts.

Therefore, the V10 engine is characterized by its greater smoothness of operation due to the fact that the

Cylinder explosions occur at shorter time intervals, with one occurring for each

72º of crankshaft rotation in the case of a four-stroke engine, which also allows for the

9
funcionamiento del motor a pocas revoluciones (menos de 1500 rpm) sin vibraciones ni tendencia

to calm down.

V10 engine

V12

In automotive mechanics, a V12 engine is one that has two banks of 6 cylinders.

common crankcase and crankshaft for both, generally with an opening of 60º or 120º between them.

Each bank is basically a block of 6 cylinders in line, a configuration that is characterized

for its fine operation, practically free of vibrations, so it does not need shafts

of balanced. Therefore, a V12 engine, with the cylinder banks at 60º, 120º, or even

180º is characterized by its even greater operational finesse due to the explosions

the cylinders occur at much shorter time intervals, one occurring every 60º

of the crankshaft rotation in a four-stroke engine, which also enables the operation

from the engine at very low revolutions (less than 1500 rpm) without any type of vibrations or

tendency to get wet. This is why they are very commonly used in luxury vehicles.

10
 Advantages of the V Engine

They are engines equipped with excellent smoothness, thanks to the balance of the masses.

when the forces act in two directions.

Being more compact, they make better use of space in the engine bay.

For high-speed motor at low RPM.

Allows the creation of larger displacement engines thanks to the angle formed by the

cylinders, which can be placed closer together.

Disadvantages of the V Engine

Weight greater than a block with the same number of cylinders in line

Its development is more expensive, because it is produced in 2 planes of space, without

embargo, from a block other blocks can be generated (for example, a V6 or a V10)

starting from a V8)

They are more expensive to repair and maintain.

Motor Orientation

The orientation can be longitudinal or transversal, meaning that the axis of the motor

(crankshaft) is placed along or across the direction of travel of the vehicle

respectively.

III.- RESULTS

LINEAR MOTOR V MOTOR

11
 Simpler construction. More complex construction.
It is cheaper to produce. It is more expensive to produce.
It presents fewer mechanical problems. Its maintenance is more difficult.
You cannot put many cylinders in Large displacement engine.
line, in order not to increase the length of the It presents fewer vibrations than a
motor. inline motor.
This is usually used
configuration with large engines.

IV.-CONCLUSIONES
Each engine has a different operation and that makes its use also different.

V.- BIBLIOGRAPHY

[Link]

12
 [Link]

cylinders/273610ps://[Link]/12729/engine-v-engine-line/

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]

VI.- ANNEXES

13