Wool Fiber Processing and Machinery Guide
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsWool Fiber Processing and Machinery Guide
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsDIAGRAM OF THE FIBER OBTAINING PROCESS.
DESCRIPTION OF THE MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT TO BE USED
INDUSTRIALIZED PROCESS
SHEARING: Clipper for cutting the wool from the sheep
WASHING: Industrial washer and dryer
SHEARED: Industrial carder
HILADORA: Machine that spins and rolls the wool at a single thickness
MADEJA: It is a collection of thread in equal turns.
DYEING: Synthetic or organic paints.
TEJIDO: Telar industrial
DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FIBER
What is the wool?
Woolsi knownasananm
i alb
fiertypcialofcertan
i caprn
i eanm
i asl (suchassheep)and
camelids (such as llama, vicuña, and alpaca), obtained through a process called shearing.
Dichafibraesempleadaenlaindustriatextilcomomateriaprimaenlaelaboracióndeprendasde
diversity type.
Among the different versions, the lane is a thick and elastic fiber that retains heat very well.
tisi athermaln
i sua
l [Link],tiprotectsbothanm
i asl fromthecod
l
It comes from, like the users of the clothing made with it.
Origin
Lalanaseorigina, as we said before, from the skin of living animals, which produce it.
to shelter and preserve body heat.
Itsi producedn
i thefocile
l s:n
i ternalstructuresoftheanm
i as'lskn
i thatpenetratedeepyl.
within the dermis, linked to sebaceous and sweat glands.
Dependn
i gontheanm
i as'lfe
il cyce
l ,woolsi generatedfromcertan
i stages,ben
i gabe
l to
evenvaryn
i propere
tis(andtherefore,n
i quatyil).Forexampe
l ,themostvau
l abe
l woolfromthe
Sheep reproduce between the ages of 3 and 6 years.
History
Lanaesquila
The sheep was introduced in Europe and America to be used as wool.
The example of the sewing of textile materials by humans began in the Neolithic.
when the agricultural work and animal domestication began.
However,thesheepandotheranm
i asl ofthem
ti edd
i notaw
l ayspossessthecharactersictis
necessary for the production of wool, since they had short and coarse fleece.
He carried out a selection process for sheep and other animals that are specially cared for.
Solana, also known as Jade Asia, introduces the Near East and from there Europe and America.
Composition
The hair is mainly composed of an animal protein called keratin, the same that
enotrascondcio
i nespermtiea
l formacó
i ndea
l suñas,pezuñas,pu
l mas,peo
l ycuernoseno
ls
animals and human beings.
Itsi ann
i sou
l be
l ,ressitantmacromoe
l cue
l thatsi secretedbyepd
i ermalcesl ofthe
animal, the general porosity is covered with waxy and lipid substances like lanolin.
Classification
Lanaovejamerinaeslamasfina.
The Merino sheep wool is the most valuable.
The fibers can be classified, in the first instance, by the animal that produces them: llama fibers,
alpaca wool, sheep wool, etc. Of all, however, the most used is sheep wool.
which are usually classified into:
LanaMern
i [Link],tihasshort,veryfn
i efb
i ers,and
wrinkles. They are used in the production of fine garments, which makes them much more valuable.
Knte
i [Link]
i me
l ngthande
l ssn
fiethantheprevo
i usone,tisusedn
i themanufacturn
i gof
fabrcis,uphosltery,rugs,andba
l nkets,oroftenn
i be
l ndswtihMern
i owoolorforfabrcis
cards.
Ordn
i [Link]
i edfromordn
i arysheep,whcihhavenotundergoneaprocessof
see
l co
[Link] atypeofo
l ng,softwoolwth
i [Link] oftenusedfor
to manufacture pillows, mattress filling and other similar products.
Physical properties
Stretchable fabric, capable of stretching without breaking, as its fibers generally
They are folded into themselves. But they are also elastic, so they tend to preserve their shape, and yes
flexibly
Perhapstsi mostn
i teresn
tigpropertysitsi hugetherman
li sua
lo
tincapactyi,gvienthat
the fibers, when not compacted, maintain an air space that acts as an insulator.
In addo
tin, ti si extremeyl hygroscopci on tsi n
i ner sd
i e, meann
i g ti can absorb
normayluptoonethridoftsiweg
ihtn
i waterfromtheenvrionmentn
i ahumd
i [Link]
iout
embargo,tsi dryn
i gsi so
l wbecausetsi extero
i rsd
i esi hydrophobci,thusretan
in
i gthe
the skin moisture that protects and does not dry out, keeping the heat.
Chemical properties of wool
Lanacoo
l rs
Thank you, you can obtain various colors.
Lalanaesignífuga does not produce flames for combustion that requires high temperatures. Similarly,
It is resistant to organic solvents and mild acids, but not to alkalis, which are capable
denaturalize the keratin and break the macromolecule.
Its chemical constitution also gives it a margin of resistance to the proliferation of fungi.
andbactera
i ,butathesamem
ti emakestivun
l erabe
l ton
i sects,whcihcanfeedon
she.
ARTICLES IN WHICH THE LANA IS USED
Theman
i usesofwoolare,obvo
i usyl,texe
[Link]
l thn
i gpe
i cesarecommonfor
bunde
l upfromthecod
l (go
l ves,scarves,sweaters,etc.),aswelasba
l nkets,bedspreadsand
carpets.
They are made from materials such as pillows, seats, and upholstery. Another one is wool.
soundproofing in pianos, heavy machinery as an absorber of odors and sounds.
Processing of wool
Lanaescarmenada
Lalanaseestiraduranteelescarmenado.
The obtaining of wool through different processes, which are:
[Link],thewoolyanimalsaregatheredandtrimmed,withoutcausingthemharm,
gathern
i [Link]:thecreoe
l ormanaged,tyn
i gtheanm
i a,l
Australian, with the loose animal.
Raw wool is usually dirty and must be industrially washed, removing it
dust,sandandotherm
i pure
tis(vegetabe
l reman
i s,n
i sects,etc.).Forthsi,cod
l watersi usedand
hot.
Cardn
i [Link] stretcheddurn
i gtiscardn
i g,manuayl separatn
i gthefb
i ers.
to cut them.
Spinning. Using industrial or traditional methods, the fibers of wool are twisted to form.
unhilogrueso. With this, pieces of clothing are made from whatever is desired.
Dyeing. Apply natural or artificial dyes to give the yarn its desired colors.
Allergies produce
Allergic rhinitis is extremely common and is recognized by its main symptoms:
Skin rash, which can even escalate to burns and welts.
Appearance of eczema that lasts even after contact with the wool has ended.
Respiratory difficulties, sneezing, coughing.
Eye irritation, runny nose, mucus.
Wool Trade
Llama can also obtain camelids like the alpaca.
Thewooltexe
ltin
i dustrywasextremeylm
i portantn
i theMd
i de
l Ages,andtiprofe
ilratedn
i Europe.
enormously towards the 16th century, being a vital part of European and Atlantic trade.
Cities like Bruges, Amberes and Verviers in Belgium, as well as Middelburg in Holland and Rouen.
In France, they have traditionally been important in wool trade, as well as from the.
In the 13th century, they were Burgos, Valladolid, Medina del Campo, and Bilbao in Spain.
Curentyl,thea
l rgestwoolproducersn
i theword
l areAustraa
il ,Argentn
i a,Chn
i a,
India,Irán,NuevaZelanda, Rusia,Sudáfrica,elReinoUnidoyUruguay.
INTRODUCTION
Wool is a natural fiber obtained from sheep, primarily sheep.
Wool products are mostly used in cold areas because their use
the body heat is maintained, this is due to the nature of the fiber of the material.
Since ancient times, wool has played an important role in clothing for man.
the harshness of the weather. Currently, there are several types of wool made
taking into account a series of characteristics which are: fineness, regularity,
uniformity, resistance, elongation, elasticity. So far it is believed that the
washed wool production is around two million tons being the
main producers Australia, Argentina, China, United Kingdom, the dissolved Union
Soviet Union, New Zealand, South Africa, and Uruguay.
CONCLUSION
This process is very interesting in current Guatemala, it does not produce wool from the
highest quality, so far it is not possible to export sheep wool, as the sheep
In Guatemala, they are of a breed not suitable for wool production.
QUESTIONNAIRE