STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

STATICAL REPORT
OWNER:-
PROJECT:-B+G+2 RESIDENCE
LOCATION:CITY:-HAWASSA,SUB CITY,TABOR,KEBELE:-FARA,
ETHIOPIA
PREPARED BY: -MIHIRETU TEFERA PE/24397

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Contents
1. INTRODUCTION....................................................................3
Design Standards (Codes) Used.................................................5
Method of Design.......................................................................5
Design data and Materials Used.................................................5
Software Used:-..........................................................................6
2. CHAPTER TWO SLAB DESIGN......................................7
2.1 SLAB ANALYSIS AND DESIGN.................................11
2.1.1 Check the Panels for One-Way or Two-Way System.....11
2.1.2 Depth for Deflection........................................................11
3. CHAPTER THREE EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS.............14
3.1 Equivalent Static Analysis..................................................14
4 CHAPTER FOUR FRAME ANALYSIS..............................17
4.1 STORY DISPLACEMENTS..............................................29
4.2 SECOND ORDER ANALYSIS.........................................30
5 CHAPTER FIVE STAIR DESIGN.........................................31
6. ETABS INPUTS AND OUTPUTS........................................34
6.1. INPUTS................................................................................35
7 OUTPUTS...............................................................................50
7.1 COLUMN DESIGN...........................................................50
7.2 BEAM DESIGN.................................................................54
8. FOUNDATION DESIGN.......................................................61

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1. INTRODUCTION
This document contains the structural design report for B+G+2RESIDENCE BUILDING located in
SIDAMA, HAWASSA, ETHIOPIA.
The horizontal elements (floors) are rectangular in shape with plan dimension varying from floor to floor as
it moves to the top.
The building system consists of frame structures with rigid diaphragms connecting the vertical elements at
all levels. The frames are made of reinforced concrete beams, reinforced concrete columns and ribbed slab as
a floor deck and a mat foundation.
Concrete class of C-25 is used for design of beam and slab and C-30 for the design of column and footing.
Reinforcing steel strength of 400MPa is used for all structure members. Analysis and design are based on the
new EBCS EN 1990, EBCS EN 1992-1, EBCS EN 1997-1, EBCS EN 1998-1, EBCS EN 2014 and EBCS
EN 2015.
According to EBCS EN1998-1 (1), earth quake resistance concrete buildings that are built in seismic regions
for which the provisions of low seismicity do not apply ( low seismicity cases are those in which the design
ground acceleration on type A ground ,ag, is not greater than 0.08g (0.78m/s2) or those where the product is
not greater than 0.1g (0.98m/s2)) should be designed to provide adequate capacity to dissipate energy
without substantial reduction of its overall resistance against horizontal and vertical loading and an overall
ductility behavior. Concrete building design to meet these requirement are classified in two ductility classes,
medium ductility (DCM) and high ductility (DCH) depend on their hysteretic dissipation capacity.
With the design ground acceleration ag=1.0 x 0.15g m/s2 .the provision of low seismicity do not apply and
therefore the structure should be designed to meet the requirements of either of the two ductility classes.
Considering the more rigorous detailing requirements associated with high ductility class (DCH) that are
more difficult to implement, medium ductility class (DCM) is chosen for the seismic design of the structure.
The structure will be designed and constructed in such a way that the no-collapse and damage limitation
requirements under the effect of reference seismic actions associated with a 10% probability of exceedance
in 50years and 10 years respectively are met. These level of the seismic actions have a mean return period of
475 and 95 years respectively.
Fig ETABs 3D modeling of the building concrete frame

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Design Standards (Codes) Used

- Ethiopian Building Code Standard (ES EN 2015) and Eurocode-2, 2004.

Method of Design

The Limit state design method is used for design of the structure and for any individual
parts/components of structures.

Design data and Materials Used

Concrete and reinforced concrete are used as building materials in many countries. The
universal nature of reinforced concrete construction stems from the wide availability of
reinforcing bars and the constituents of concrete, gravel, sand and cement, the relatively
simple skills required in concrete construction, and the economy of reinforced concrete
compared to other forms of constructions.

Concrete
The most important property of concrete for civil engineering works is its compressive
strength. The compressive strength of concrete is obtained by conducting a laboratory
test. The compressive strength is the load at which 95 percentile of the specimens can
carry before failure.
Characteristic cube compressive strength (fcu):- this is the strength of a 150mm cube
concrete specimen. This value is used to classify the grade of concrete.
Characteristic cylinder compressive strength (fck):- The size of the specimen is 150 mm
diameter cylinder with 300 mm height with h/d ratio of 2.
Characteristic tensile strength (fctk) :- conducting a direct tensile test on concrete does
not provide reliable results .According to the new code in the absence of more accurate
data fctk can be calculated from the fck of the concrete using the formula
Design strength (fcd):- is the design strength of the concrete after reduction by partial safety
factor.
 C25 concrete used for all the structural components of the structure.
fcu=25MPa
fck=20MPa
fctk=1.55MPa

Reinforcement steel

The characteristics strength of steel is given as its grade. For example S-400 has
characteristics strength of fyk=400MPa
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Design tensile strength (fyd)

fyd=347.83MPa.

Software Used:-

ETABS2016 for analysis and design of structural system frame, Excel 2016 spread sheet for
the loading analysis and design of stairs, solid slabs and for foundation design were used.

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2. CHAPTER TWO SLAB DESIGN

Solid slab is designed by using coefficient method of analysis.

Design Procedure for Two-way Solid Slabs

1) Depth Determination: The first stage of design is to determine the minimum thickness of
the slab. The depth of solid slabs is usually controlled by deflection rather than flexural strength
requirement, in that respect, the code gives equations to minimum thickness formula for solid
slabs.
2) Load Determination: Once that is done the Loading on the Slabs can be calculated using
the Ultimate limit state load combination for live and dead loads.
3) Moment Determination: The next step is to determine support and span moments for all
panels individually by treating their edges as either simply supported or fully fixed. External
edges are generally considered as simply supported and continuous edges are considered as fully
fixed in this paper, If the slab is connected with an external wall or if any of its edges is partly
fixed and partly simply supported, the following procedure may be adopted:

(a) The ratio of the actual support moment to the bending moment of fully fixed slab, or
the ratio of the width of fixed part to the width of the simply supported part of the edge is
evaluated.
(b) The bending moments of the slab are then computed by interpolating between
different support conditions.
For this case, slabs with partly fixed and partly simply supported are treated as fully simply
supported as it is the conservative side
4) Moment Adjustment: For each support over which the slab is continuous there will thus
generally be two different support moments. The difference may be distributed between the
panels on either side of the support to equalize their moments, as in the moment distribution
method for frames. The bending moments of the slab are then computed by interpolating
between different support conditions. Two methods were used to adjust the support moments in
the following design, these are:
I. When differences between initial support moments are less than 20 percent of the
larger moment, the average of the two values was taken as the balanced moment
II. When the difference is greater than 20 percent of the larger moment, The unbalanced
moment is distributed using the moment distribution method. If the support moment is
decreased, the span moments mxf and myf are then increased to allow for the changes of
support moments. This increase is calculated as being equal to the change of the support
moment multiplied by the factors given in Table.
5) Reinforcement Calculation: The moments balanced will be used for the design of
reinforcements. The sample Calculation as for how this is carried out is provided below.
6) Reinforcement Detailing: Since moments exist in both principal directions of two-way edge-
supported slabs, the main flexural reinforcement is placed in an orthogonal pattern with bars parallel
and perpendicular to the supported edges.
A sample drawing has been provided after the sample calculation
First floor slab plan view:-

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2.1 SLAB ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

2.1.1 Check the Panels for One-Way or Two-Way System

2.1.2 Depth for Deflection

Member Simply End Span Interior Cantilevers

Supported Span
Beams 20 24 28 10
Slabs
Span ratio=2:1 25 30 35 12
Span ratio=1:1 35 40 45 10
Flat slabs(based on longer span) 24

Over all depth, D o D=d+cover+ Ǿ/2 o Assuming Ǿ=10mm

o Cover=15mm
(3)
In order to make the construction of the slab easier, first the effective depth for each panel is calculated and
the maximum depth of those panels was taken for the whole floor.
GROUND ,FIRST AND SECOND
Effective depth requirement

Panel Lx(mm) Ly(mm) Panel Type Span ratio beta depth(mm) remark
P1 2720 6000 2 2.21 30 90.66666667 140.6289951
P2 2500 5500 2 2.2 30 83.33333333
P3 5500 6000 2 1.09 39.11 140.6289951
P4 5000 6000 2 1.2 38.01 131.5443304

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P5 2500 5000 2 2 30.01 83.30556481

P6 5000 6000 2 1.2 38.01 131.5443304

Total Depth of the slab =140+15+5=160mm Use depth of slab=160mm

C1 1300 6000 4.62 12 108.333333 125
3
C2 1300 2500 1.92 12 108.333333
3
C3 1500 5100 3.4 12 125
C4 1500 5100 3.4 12 125

Design Load Determination

Panel Le (mm) Ly(mm) Area (m2) DL (Kn/m2) LL (Kn/m2) Design Load
P1 2720 6000 16.32 5.36 3 11.768
p2 2500 5500 13.75 6.96 3 13.848
p3 5500 6000 33 7.76 3 14.888
p4 5000 6000 30 6.92 3 13.796
p5 2500 5000 12.5 6.1 3 12.73
p6 5000 6000 30 10.4 3 18.32

Two Way Slab analysis

End and Interrior Spans

Pan Support Lx Ly Ly/ αxs αxf αys αyf Mxs Mxf Mys Myf
el condition Lx
Type
P1 4 272 600 2.2 0.09 0.07 0.04 0.03 8.0969 6.0945 4.0920254 3.1343173
0 0 1 3 7 6 87 06 46 63
p2 1 250 550 2.2 0.06 0.048 0.03 0.02 5.4526 4.1544 2.7696 2.0772
0 0 3 2 4 5
p3 3 550 600 1.0 0.04 0.035 0.03 0.03 21.617 15.942 17.564118 13.51086
0 0 9 8 4 9 38 81
p4 4 500 600 1.2 0.06 0.047 0.04 0.03 21.728 16.210 16.2103 12.4164
0 0 3 7 6 7 3
p5 2 250 500 2 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.02 5.3306 3.9781 3.1029375 2.3073125
0 0 7 9 9 88 25
p6 3 500 600 1.2 0.05 0.042 0.03 0.03 25.648 19.236 17.862 13.74
0 0 6 9

Cantilever
Panel L(mm) Partition Load Design load Moment
c1 1300 1 11.76 11.2372
c2 1300 1 11.76 11.2372
c3 1500 1 11.76 14.73
c4 1500 1 11.76 14.73

depth(H) effective
depth
160 140

Panel moment d(mm) kz z(mm) As spacing- spacing- 0

no (N) calu(m required( provded(mm)
m2) mm)
c1 M 1.12E+ 140 0.05058912 0.9617 134.6 239.93 327.1658 10 320 300
07 3 48 447 95 124

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c2 M 1.12E+ 140 0.05058912 0.9617 134.6 239.93 327.1658 10 320 300

07 3 48 447 95 124
c3 M 1.47E+ 140 0.06631347 0.9547 133.6 316.83 247.7663 10 240 240
07 5 295 621 08 458
c4 M 1.47E+ 140 0.06631347 0.9547 133.6 316.83 247.7663 10 240 240
07 5 295 621 08 458

Panel moment d(mm) kz z(mm) As spacing- spacing- 0

no (N) calu(m required( provded(mm)
m2) mm)
p1 mxf 6.09E+ 130 0.03182049 0.9709 126.2 138.81 565.5099 10 560 300
06 4 541 24 28 232
myf 3.13E+ 130 0.01636482 0.9799 127.3 70.731 1109.823 10 1100 300
06 5 792 973 96 556
mxs 8.10E+ 130 0.04227579 0.9657 125.5 185.42 423.3607 10 420 300
06 9 26 444 11 055
mys 4.09E+ 130 0.02136518 0.9765 126.9 92.670 847.0915 10 840 300
06 9 368 498 03 339
p2 mxf 4.15E+ 130 0.02169085 0.9765 126.9 94.082 834.3732 10 830 300
06 7 368 498 6 216
myf 2.08E+ 130 0.01084542 0.9837 127.8 46.695 1681.100 10 1680 300
06 9 662 896 61 371
mxs 5.45E+ 130 0.02846925 0.9724 126.4 123.99 633.0845 10 630 300
06 993 249 61 604
mys 2.77E+ 130 0.01446057 0.9812 127.5 62.421 1257.584 10 1250 300
06 1 377 609 25 582
p3 mxf 1.59E+ 130 0.08324025 0.9470 123.1 372.27 210.8651 10 210 210
07 6 868 213 58 521
myf 1.35E+ 130 0.07054259 0.9528 123.8 313.56 250.3477 10 250 250
07 986 768 38 649
mxs 2.16E+ 130 0.11286814 0.9334 121.3 512.17 153.2691 10 150 150
07 4 215 448 07 978
mys 1.76E+ 130 0.09170536 0.9433 122.6 411.73 190.6548 10 190 190
07 7 962 415 88 417
p4 mxf 1.62E+ 130 0.08463684 0.9464 123.0 378.76 207.2512 10 200 200
07 4 73 415 72 895
myf 1.24E+ 130 0.06482822 0.9553 124.1 287.42 273.1128 10 270 270
07 1 396 941 7 462
mxs 2.17E+ 130 0.11344938 0.9331 121.3 514.98 152.4325 10 150 150
07 6 07 039 19 564
mys 1.62E+ 130 0.08463684 0.9464 123.0 378.76 207.2512 10 200 200
07 4 73 415 72 895
p5 mxf 3.98E+ 130 0.02077049 0.9771 127.0 90.033 871.9019 10 870 300
06 4 608 309 06 727
myf 3.98E+ 130 0.02077049 0.9771 127.0 90.033 871.9019 10 870 300
06 4 608 309 06 727
mxs 5.33E+ 130 0.02783246 0.9728 126.4 121.18 647.7752 10 640 300
06 2 088 651 4 087
mys 3.10E+ 130 0.01620098 0.9799 127.3 70.023 1121.047 10 1120 300
06 6 792 973 82 15
p6 mxf 1.92E+ 130 0.10043455 0.9393 122.1 452.86 173.3413 10 170 170
07 9 705 182 37 577
myf 1.37E+ 130 0.07173897 0.9522 123.7 319.08 246.0150 10 240 240
07 879 974 62 072
mxs 2.56E+ 130 0.13391274 0.9227 119.9 614.69 127.7060 10 120 120
07 5 521 578 27 865
mys 1.79E+ 130 0.09326066 0.9427 122.5 418.99 187.3526 10 180 180
07 2 79 613 59 584

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3. CHAPTER THREE EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS

REFERENCE PEAK GROUND ACCELERATION

Reference peak ground acceleration is agR = 0.15g for HAWASSA and since the building is categorized as
Importance Class II with an importance factor I = 1.0, the design ground acceleration on type A ground is ag = I
agR = 1.0* 0.15 = 0.15.

With the design ground acceleration ag = 0.15g, the provisions of low seismicity do apply and the building is
designed to meet the requirements of either of the two ductility classes. Considering the more rigorous
detailing requirements associated with high ductility class (DCH) that are more difficult to implement,
medium ductility class (DCM) is chosen for the seismic design of the building.

MEMBER STIFFNESS

The internal forces are computed based on cracked elements according to EN 1998-1, clause 4.3.1(6)(7)[1].
Therefore, the elastic flexural and shear stiffness properties are taken to be equal to one-half of the
corresponding stiffness of the uncracked elements. Also the torsional stiffness of the elements has been
reduced to 10% of the torsional stiffness of the uncracked sections.

3.1 Equivalent Static Analysis

Two response spectrum cases, EQX and EQY are considered with the 30% combination rule to
compute the action effects due to the combination of the horizontal components of the seismic
actions in the two orthogonal directions.

Fb = Sd (T1) * m *
Where:
Sd (T1) is the ordinate of design spectrum at period T1.
Type I spectrum is adopted. S = 1.2(Subsoil Class C based on the ground condition at of building)

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 2 .5 TC TD 
a
 g S   
 Sd(T1) =  q  T 2 


 ag
Where:
q is the behavior factor;
As stated in the introduction, the q-factor approach is adopted and a value of q = 3.12 is used for buildings
Determination of fundamental period, T1
Fundamental period is the time taken for each complete cycle of oscillation (i.e. one complete back-and-
forth motion). The value depends on the building flexibility and mass. The more flexibility the building has,
the longer is T1, and more the mass, the longer is T1. Though it is difficult to generalize things in earthquake,
usually taller buildings are more flexible and have larger mass and therefore have a longer T 1.
According to ES-EN 1998 Article [Link].1, equation 4.4 the fundamental periods of vibration T1 need to be
limited as follow:

T1=

Thus, T1 ≤ 1.6sec
According to Article [Link].2 of ES-EN1998 the value of T1 (in sec) for buildings up to a height of 40m
can be approximated by the following expression:

Where
Ct 0.085 for moment resistant space steel frames, 0.075 for moment resistant space concrete frames and for
eccentrically braced steel frames and 0.050 for all other structures
H Height of the building, in m, from the foundation or from the top of a rigid footing = 11.2m

Now it is possible to determine the design spectrum acceleration, Sd(T).

CALCULATION OF BEHAVIOR FACTORS

X-direction (Frame system):

q = q0 kw 1.5

Basic value of the behavior factor qo = 3.12 for Frame system with medium ductility class (DCM)

kw = (1 + αo) / 3 ≤ 1, but not less than 0.5

kw = 1.0

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ACCIDENTAL ECCENTRICITY

In order to account for uncertainties in the location of masses and in the spatial variation of seismic motion,
the calculated center of mass at each floor i shall be considered as being displaced from its nominal location in
each direction by an additional eccentricity:

eai = ± 0.05 Li

Design Load Combinations

The values of actions which occur simultaneously are combined as follows:

i) Persistent and transient situation

COMB1 – 1.35 Gk + 1.5 Qk

Geometric imperfections are included by defining the following two additional load combinations

COMB1 + IMPX – 1.35 Gk + 1.5 Qk + IMPX

COMB1 – IMPX – 1.35 Gk + 1.5 Qk - IMPX

COMB1 + IMPY – 1.35 Gk + 1.5 Qk + IMPY

COMB1 + IMPY – 1.35 Gk + 1.5 Qk – IMPY

ii) Seismic Situation

General Format: Gkj + AEd + 2i Qki Imperfection,

Finally, envelopes have been evaluated for the purpose of determining the design action effects at the
critical region

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4 CHAPTER FOUR FRAME ANALYSIS

FIG shear force Diagram

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Fig. Bending moment diagram

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Fig. Axial Force diagram

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4.1 STORY DISPLACEMENTS

According to EN 1998-1: 2004 [1] (Eqn. 4.23), the actual displacements of a point of the structural system, ds,
shall be calculated as a product of the behavior factor q and the displacement of the same point, de, obtained
by Lateral response analysis based on design response spectrum.
The value of ds does not need to be larger than the value derived from the elastic spectrum. The story
drifts dr/h is presented in Table below.

The inter-story drift shouldn’t exceed limitation of dr / h≤ 0.010 imposed for buildings having non-
structural elements of brittle materials attached to the structure.

STORY q v status
DRIFT
ROOF 0.000841 3.12 0.5 0.00131196 ok

SECOND 0.0029 3.12 0.5 0.004524 ok

FLOOR
FIRST FLOOR 0.0015 3.12 0.5 0.00234 ok

GROUND 0.0026 3.12 0.5 0.004056 ok

FLOOR

The inter-storey drift shown above satisfies the limitation of dr / h ≤ 0.010 imposed for buildings
having nonstructural elements of brittle materials attached to the structure in a way so as not to
interfere with structural deformation.

Limitation of inter-story drift

 For buildings having non-structural elements of brittle materials attached to the structure:
drV ≤ 0.005h

 For buildings having ductile non-structural elements: drV ≤

0.0075h

• for buildings having non-structural elements fixed in a way so as not to interfere with structural
deformations, or without non-structural elements:

drV ≤0.010 h
Where:
dr =Design inter-story drift

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H= Story height
V Reduction factor which takes into account the lower return period of the seismic action
associated with the damage limitation requirement.
The value of the reduction factor V may also depend on the importance class of the building.
The recommended values of V are:

• V=0.4 for importance classes III and IV and

• V = 0.5 for importance classes I and II.

4.2 SECOND ORDER ANALYSIS

Second order effects (P- effects) need not be taken into account if the inter- story drift sensitivity coefficient
fulfills the following condition in all story’s according to EBCS EN 1998 - 1:

If 0.1 < θ ≤ 0.2, the second - order effects may approximately be taken into account by multiplying the
relevant seismic action effects by a factor equal to 1/ (1 -θ) or by carrying out P-Delta analysis. The value of
the coefficient θ shall not exceed 0.3 as it indicates an unstable building.

The Results of Stability Index calculations are as shown below.

P tot VX Dr status

ROOF 154.67 14.18 0.00131196 0.01431036 non sway

SECOD 2720.5 187.3 0.004524 0.06571032 non sway

FIRST 4000.3 202.1 0.00234 0.04631718 non sway

GROUND 4952.6 245.2 0.004056 0.08192392 non sway

As shown on the above table, the structure is classified under non sway frame. Therefore, no need to
consider second order effect .

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5 CHAPTER FIVE STAIR DESIGN

Stair No. 1
0.50 m 2.30 m 0.95 m

Riser = 16 cm
Thread = 25 cm
θ = 32.62 º
Stair width = 1.0 m
θ

Materials Used:
Concrete: C-25 fu= 25
Steel: S-300 fyk= 300

Constants: gc = 1.50 fcd= 11.33 m= 28.77

gs = 1.15 fct d= 1.03 c1 = 0.09
fck= 20 fyd= 260.87 c2 = 3002.34

 f yk  Lx
DepthUsed: d  0.4  0.6 
 400  a
ba = 24 (EBCS 2 - 5.2.3)

Required d = 132.81 Provided d = 138.00

Required D = 154.81 D= 160
L oading:

Dead load at Stair:

- Own wt. of slab (Inclined) = 4.75 KN/m

- Due to steps per unit run = 2.00 KN/m
- 3cm cement screed = 0.69 KN/m
- 3cm terrazzo floor finish = 0.69 KN/m
On thread = 1.38 KN/m
On riser = 0.67 KN/m No. of Steps =
7
- 1.5cm plastering = 0.41 KN/m
Total Dead Load on Stair 9.21 KN/m

- Live load = 3.00 KN/m2

Live load per unit meter = 3.00 KN/m

Design Load = 1.3DL + 1.6LL

= 16.77 KN/m

Dead load at Landing:

- Own wt. of slab = 4.00 KN/m
- 3cm cement screed = 0.69 KN/m
- 3cm terrazzo floor finish = 0.69 KN/m
- 1.5cm plastering = 0.35 KN/m
5.73 KN/m

- Live load = 3.00 KN/m2

Live load per unit meter = 3.00 KN/m

Design Load = 1.3DL + 1.6LL

= 12.24 KN/m

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Modeling
16.77
12.24 12.24

RZ = RZ =
28.791 27.540
0.50 2.30 0.95

Design actions
Design Moment = 24.1751 KNm
Design Shear = 28.791 KN

Check for Deflection

5wL 4
 max  w= 12.21 KN/m
384EI L= 3.75 m
E= 29.0 Gpa
I= 0.00034 m4
= 3.2 mm

- According to EBCS-2 Sec. 5.2.2 The final deflection shall not exceed the value:

Le
 
= 18.75 mm OK!
200
Check for Shear Capacity

Vc 0 .25 f ctd k1 k 2 bw d
f ctd = 1.03  min = 0.001667
K 1 = 1.08
K 2 = 1.46
Calculated Shear Capacity, Vc = 56.37 OK!

Reinforcement calculation

 = 14
M= 24.18 KNm
2
Km = 36 Ks = 4.10 As = 718.25 mm

Spacing Required Use  = 14 @ 214 mm

- According to EBCS-2 Sec.[Link] the ratio of the secondary reinforcement to the
main reinforcement shall be at least equal to 0.2. Thus transverse reinforcement:

As
= 276.00
= 8
Spacing Required Use  = 8 @ 180 mm

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6. ETABS INPUTS AND OUTPUTS

User Report 1
Model File: OIC 4B+G+40, Revision 0
Page 31 of 69
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6/3/2025

6.1. INPUTS

6.1.1. STRUCTURE DATA

1 Structure Data
This chapter provides model geometry information, including items such as story levels, point coordinates, and
element connectivity.

1 Structure Data
This chapter provides model geometry information, including items such as story levels, point coordinates, and
element connectivity.

1.1 Story Data

Table 1.1 - Story Data

Height Elevation Master Splice
Name Similar To
mm mm Story Story
WTB 1850 13500 No None No
ROOF 3450 11650 No None No
SECOND 3650 8200 No None No
FIRST 3950 4550 No None No
GROUND 2850 600 No None No
BASEMENT 1500 -2250 No None No
Base 0 -3750 No None No

1.2 Grid Data

Table 1.2 - Grid Systems

Bubble
Story X Origin Y Origin Rotation
Name Type Size Color
Range m m deg
mm
G1 Cartesian Default 0 0 0 1250 ffa0a0a0

Table 1.3 - Grid Lines

Grid Grid Bubble Ordinate
Grid ID Visible
System Direction Location m
G1 X A' Yes End 0
G1 X A Yes End 1.5
G1 X B Yes End 7.5
G1 X C Yes End 10
G1 X D Yes End 16
G1 Y 4 Yes Start 0
G1 Y 3 Yes Start 2
G1 Y 2 Yes Start 7
G1 Y 2' Yes Start 9.78
G1 Y 1 Yes Start 12.5
G1 Y 1' Yes Start 13.8

2 Properties
This chapter provides property information for materials, frame sections, shell sections, and links.

2.1 Materials

Page 32 of 69
 1/1/2024

Table 2.1 - Material Properties - Summary

Unit
E Design
Name Type ν Weight
MPa Strengths
kN/m³
C20/25 Concrete 30000 0 24.51 Fc=20 MPa
C25/30 Concrete 31000 0 24.51 Fc=25 MPa
C50/60 Concrete 37000 0 24.51 Fc=50 MPa
Fy=400 MPa,
S400 Rebar 199948 0 76.9729
Fu=400 MPa
Fy=500 MPa,
S500 Rebar 199948 0 76.9729
Fu=500 MPa

2.2 Frame Sections

Table 2.2 - Frame Sections - Summary

Name Material Shape
Concrete
BM 25X35 C20/25
Rectangular
Concrete
BM 25X40 C20/25
Rectangular
CIRCULAR Concrete
C25/30
40 Circle
Concrete
COL 30/30 C25/30
Rectangular
Concrete
COL 30/40 C25/30
Rectangular

2.3 Shell Sections

Table 2.3 - Shell Sections - Summary

Total
Design Element
Name Material Thickness
Type Type
mm
Slab160 Slab Shell-Thin C20/25 160

2.4 Reinforcement Sizes

Table 2.4 - Reinforcing Bar Sizes

Diameter Area
Name
mm mm²
#2 6.4 32
#4 12.7 129
#6 19.1 284
#9 28.7 645

3 Loads
This chapter provides loading information as applied to the model.

3.1 Load Patterns

Table 3.1 - Load Patterns

Self
Name Type Weight Auto Load
Multiplier
SELFWT Dead 1
Superimpose
PARTITION 0
d Dead
Superimpose
FLOORFIN 0
d Dead
LIVEC Live 0
LIVEA Live 0
LIVEG Live 0
EQXR Seismic 0 EUROCOD

Page 33 of 69
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Self
Name Type Weight Auto Load
Multiplier
E8 2004
EUROCOD
EQXL Seismic 0
E8 2004
EUROCOD
EQYR Seismic 0
E8 2004
EUROCOD
EQYL Seismic 0
E8 2004
LIVE B Live 0
LIVED Live 0
LIVE E Live 0

3.2 Load Sets

Table 3.2 - Shell Uniform Load Sets

Load Load
Load Set
Pattern kN/m²
Parking PARTITION 0.5
Parking FLOORFIN 2
Parking LIVEG 5
Shops PARTITION 1
Shops FLOORFIN 1.7
Shops LIVED 4
Game Zone PARTITION 1.5
Game Zone FLOORFIN 2
Game Zone LIVEC 5
Food Court PARTITION 1
Food Court FLOORFIN 2
Food Court LIVEC 4
Gym PARTITION 1.5
Gym FLOORFIN 2
Gym LIVEC 5
Apartment PARTITION 2.7
Apartment FLOORFIN 2
Apartment LIVEA 2
Service
FLOORFIN 2
Floor
Service
PARTITION 0.5
Floor
Service
LIVEC 5
Floor
Roof FLOORFIN 2
Roof LIVEC 5
Office PARTITION 1.5
Office FLOORFIN 2
Office LIVE B 3
Meeting Hall FLOORFIN 2
Meeting Hall LIVEC 5
Meeting Hall PARTITION 0.5
STORE PARTITION 0.5
STORE FLOORFIN 2
STORE LIVEC 6
Rest Room PARTITION 1.5
Rest Room FLOORFIN 2
Rest Room LIVEA 2
TERRACE PARTITION 1
TERRACE FLOORFIN 2
TERRACE LIVEC 5
LobbyS FLOORFIN 3
LobbyS LIVEA 3
Bank PARTITION 1.5
Bank FLOORFIN 2

Page 34 of 69
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Load Load
Load Set
Pattern kN/m²
Bank LIVED 4

EUROCODE8 2004 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern EQXR according to
EUROCODE8 2004, as calculated by ETABS.

Direction and Eccentricity

Direction = X + Eccentricity Y

Eccentricity Ratio = 5% for all diaphragms

Structural Period

Period Calculation Method = Program Calculated

Coefficient, Ct [EC [Link].2]

Structure Height Above Base, H

Factors and Coefficients

Country =

Design Ground Acceleration, ag

Ground Type [EC Table 3.1] = C

Soil Factor, S [EC Table 3.2]

Constant Acceleration Period Limit, TB [EC Table 3.2]
Constant Acceleration Period Limit, TC [EC Table 3.2]
Constant Displacement Period Limit, TD [EC Table 3.2]
Lower Bound Factor, β [EC [Link](4)]
Behavior Factor, q [EC [Link](3)]

Seismic Response

Spectral Response Acceleration, Sd(T1) [EC [Link](4) Eq.

3.13]

Equivalent Lateral Forces

Seismic Base Shear Coefficient

Calculated Base Shear

Page 35 of 69
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Period
W Fb
Direction Used
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
X + Ecc. Y 0.703 3962.3057 373.9975

Applied Story Forces

Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir

m kN kN
WTB 11.8 18.5451 0
ROOF 9.6 69.847 0
SECOND 6.4 168.8379 0
FIRST 3.2 102.8054 0
GROUND 0 13.9621 0
Base -2 0 0

Page 36 of 69
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EUROCODE8 2004 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern EQXL according to
EUROCODE8 2004, as calculated by ETABS.

Direction and Eccentricity

Direction = X - Eccentricity Y

Eccentricity Ratio = 5% for all diaphragms

Structural Period

Period Calculation Method = Program Calculated

Coefficient, Ct [EC [Link].2]

Structure Height Above Base, H

Factors and Coefficients

Country =

Design Ground Acceleration, ag

Ground Type [EC Table 3.1] = C

Soil Factor, S [EC Table 3.2]

Constant Acceleration Period Limit, TB [EC Table 3.2]
Constant Acceleration Period Limit, TC [EC Table 3.2]
Constant Displacement Period Limit, TD [EC Table 3.2]
Lower Bound Factor, β [EC [Link](4)]
Behavior Factor, q [EC [Link](3)]

Seismic Response

Spectral Response Acceleration, Sd(T1) [EC [Link](4) Eq.

3.13]

Equivalent Lateral Forces

Seismic Base Shear Coefficient

Calculated Base Shear

Period
W Fb
Direction Used
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
X - Ecc. Y 0.703 3962.3057 373.9975

Page 37 of 69
 1/1/2024

Applied Story Forces

Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir

m kN kN
WTB 11.8 18.5451 0
ROOF 9.6 69.847 0
SECOND 6.4 168.8379 0
FIRST 3.2 102.8054 0
GROUND 0 13.9621 0
Base -2 0 0

Page 38 of 69
 1/1/2024

EUROCODE8 2004 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern EQYR according to
EUROCODE8 2004, as calculated by ETABS.

Direction and Eccentricity

Direction = Y + Eccentricity X

Eccentricity Ratio = 5% for all diaphragms

Structural Period

Period Calculation Method = Program Calculated

Coefficient, Ct [EC [Link].2]

Structure Height Above Base, H

Factors and Coefficients

Country =

Design Ground Acceleration, ag

Ground Type [EC Table 3.1] = C

Soil Factor, S [EC Table 3.2]

Constant Acceleration Period Limit, TB [EC Table 3.2]
Constant Acceleration Period Limit, TC [EC Table 3.2]
Constant Displacement Period Limit, TD [EC Table 3.2]
Lower Bound Factor, β [EC [Link](4)]
Behavior Factor, q [EC [Link](3)]

Seismic Response

Spectral Response Acceleration, Sd(T1) [EC [Link](4) Eq.

3.13]

Equivalent Lateral Forces

Seismic Base Shear Coefficient

Calculated Base Shear

Period
W Fb
Direction Used
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
Y + Ecc. X 0.864 3962.3057 304.3365

Page 39 of 69
 1/1/2024

Applied Story Forces

Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir

m kN kN
WTB 11.8 0 15.0909
ROOF 9.6 0 56.8373
SECOND 6.4 0 137.3901
FIRST 3.2 0 83.6568
GROUND 0 0 11.3615
Base -2 0 0

Page 40 of 69
 1/1/2024

EUROCODE8 2004 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern EQYL according to
EUROCODE8 2004, as calculated by ETABS.

Direction and Eccentricity

Direction = Y - Eccentricity X

Eccentricity Ratio = 5% for all diaphragms

Structural Period

Period Calculation Method = Program Calculated

Coefficient, Ct [EC [Link].2]

Structure Height Above Base, H

Factors and Coefficients

Country =

Design Ground Acceleration, ag

Ground Type [EC Table 3.1] = C

Soil Factor, S [EC Table 3.2]

Constant Acceleration Period Limit, TB [EC Table 3.2]
Constant Acceleration Period Limit, TC [EC Table 3.2]
Constant Displacement Period Limit, TD [EC Table 3.2]
Lower Bound Factor, β [EC [Link](4)]
Behavior Factor, q [EC [Link](3)]

Seismic Response

Spectral Response Acceleration, Sd(T1) [EC [Link](4) Eq.

3.13]

Equivalent Lateral Forces

Seismic Base Shear Coefficient

Calculated Base Shear

Period
W Fb
Direction Used
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
Y - Ecc. X 0.864 3962.3057 304.3365

Page 41 of 69
 1/1/2024

Applied Story Forces

Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir

m kN kN
WTB 11.8 0 15.0909
ROOF 9.6 0 56.8373
SECOND 6.4 0 137.3901
FIRST 3.2 0 83.6568
GROUND 0 0 11.3615
Base -2 0 0

Page 42 of 69
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Load Combinations
Table 4.13 - Load Combinations
Load
Scale
Name Case/Comb Type Auto
Factor
o
GRAVITY Dead 1.35 Linear Add No
GRAVITY SDead 1.35 No
GRAVITY Partition 1.35 No
GRAVITY Live Cat A 1.5 No
GRAVITY Live Cat B 1.5 No
GRAVITY Live Cat C 1.5 No
GRAVITY Live Cat D 1.5 No
GRAVITY Live Cat E 1.5 No
GRAVITY Live Cat F 1.5 No
GRAVITY LEP 1.35 No
GRAVITY Live Cat H 1.5 No
SESMIC-
Dead 1 Linear Add No
GRAVITY
SESMIC-
SDead 1 No
GRAVITY
SESMIC-
Partition 1 No
GRAVITY
SESMIC-
Live Cat A 0.3 No
GRAVITY
SESMIC-
Live Cat C 0.6 No
GRAVITY
SESMIC-
Live Cat F 0.3 No
GRAVITY
SESMIC-
Live Cat B 0.3 No
GRAVITY
SESMIC-
Live Cat E 0.8 No
GRAVITY
SESMIC-
Live Cat D 0.6 No
GRAVITY
SESMIC-
LEP 1 No
GRAVITY
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
1+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXR 1 No
1+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYR 0.3 No
1+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
1+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
2+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXR 1 No
2+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYR -0.3 No
2+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
2+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
3+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXR 1 No
3+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYL 0.3 No
3+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
3+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
4+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXR 1 No
4+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYL -0.3 No
4+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
4+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
5+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXR -1 No
5+IMPX
COMBEQX- EQYR 0.3 No

43
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT
Load
Scale
Name Case/Comb Type Auto
Factor
o
5+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
5+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
6+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXR -1 No
6+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYR -0.3 No
6+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
6+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
7+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXR -1 No
7+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYL 0.3 No
7+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
7+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
8+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXR -1 No
8+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYL -0.3 No
8+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
8+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
9+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXL 1 No
9+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYR 0.3 No
9+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
9+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
10+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXL 1 No
10+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYR -0.3 No
10+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
10+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
11+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXL 1 No
11+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYL 0.3 No
11+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
11+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
12+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXL 1 No
12+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYL -0.3 No
12+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
12+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
13+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXL -1 No
13+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYR 0.3 No
13+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
13+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
14+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXL -1 No
14+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYR -0.3 No
14+IMPX

44
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT
Load
Scale
Name Case/Comb Type Auto
Factor
o
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
14+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
15+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXL -1 No
15+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYL 0.3 No
15+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
15+IMPX
COMBEQX- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
16+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBEQX-
EQXL -1 No
16+IMPX
COMBEQX-
EQYL -0.3 No
16+IMPX
COMBEQX-
IMPX 1 No
16+IMPX
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
1+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYR 1 No
1+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXR 0.3 No
1+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
1+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
2+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYR 1 No
2+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXR -0.3 No
2+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
2+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
3+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYR 1 No
3+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXL 0.3 No
3+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
3+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
4+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYR 1 No
4+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXL -0.3 No
4+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
4+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
5+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYR -1 No
5+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXR 0.3 No
5+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
5+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
6+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYR -1 No
6+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXR -0.3 No
6+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
6+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
7+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYR -1 No
7+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXL 0.3 No
7+IMPY
COMBEQY- IMPY 1 No

45
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT
Load
Scale
Name Case/Comb Type Auto
Factor
o
7+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
8+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYR -1 No
8+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXL -0.3 No
8+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
8+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
9+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYL 1 No
9+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXR 0.3 No
9+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
9+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
10+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYL 1 No
10+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXR -0.3 No
10+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
10+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
11+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYL 1 No
11+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXL 0.3 No
11+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
11+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
12+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYL 1 No
12+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXL -0.3 No
12+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
12+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
13+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYL -1 No
13+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXR 0.3 No
13+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
13+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
14+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYL -1 No
14+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXR -0.3 No
14+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
14+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
15+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYL -1 No
15+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXL 0.3 No
15+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
15+IMPY
COMBEQY- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
16+IMPY GRAVITY
COMBEQY-
EQYL -1 No
16+IMPY
COMBEQY-
EQXL -0.3 No
16+IMPY
COMBEQY-
IMPY 1 No
16+IMPY

46
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT
Load
Scale
Name Case/Comb Type Auto
Factor
o
COMBRSM- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
1+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBRSM-
SPECX 1 No
1+IMPX
COMBRSM-
SPECY 0.3 No
1+IMPX
COMBRSM-
IMPX 1 No
1+IMPX
COMBRSM- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
2+IMPX GRAVITY
COMBRSM-
SPECX 1 No
2+IMPX
COMBRSM-
SPECY -0.3 No
2+IMPX
COMBRSM-
IMPX 1 No
2+IMPX
COMBRSM- SESMIC-
1 Linear Add No
3+IMPX GRAVITY

47
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

7 OUTPUTS

7.1 COLUMN DESIGN

48
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

49
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

50
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

51
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

7.2 BEAM DESIGN

52
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

53
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

54
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Beam shear reinforcement

55
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

56
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

57
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

8. FOUNDATION DESIGN

REACTION OUTPUT FROM SOFTWARE

Foundation is one of the structure parts that transfer the load of the building safely to
the underlying soil. Various type of foundation shall be used to buildings. Among them
isolated footing and combined footing are most widely used.

Foundations are designed to resist shear, axial load & moment from structure. Two
types of shear are commonly checked in foundation design:-
a) Wide beam shear
b) Punching shear
Bearing Capacity of Soil
The bearing capacity of the soil is a key element in foundation design. Therefore, the soil
test is done for different parameters and summarized in soil test report document.

Therefore, take the allowable bearing capacity of the soil as 220 KPa from soil test report.

Footing Analysis and Design

Loading
Axial loads and moments from the structure are applied through foundation column at the
intersection of axis where the columns are located.

From ETABS 2016 analysis results of total joint reactions through each column are
summarized as follows:-

58
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

59
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

60
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Footing
F-1 Y
Footing Group ISOLATED FOOTING
Super-structure load, Ps (Kn) 734.00
Mx (Kn-m) 2.42 Ly b
My (Kn-m) 1.09 X
Column width, a (m) * b(m) 0.30 0.40 a
Foundation depth, fd (m) 1.50 Lx
Ultimate bearing capacity, s (Kpa) 220 1.7 Lx
Footing Dimension, (Lx * Ly ) m 2.20 2.20 Footing Plan
Depth, D (m) 0.50
2
Footing Area, Af (m ) 4.84 f cu = 25 kN/mm2
Effective depth, d (m) = D - 0.035-bar dia. 0.451 gc = 1.50
Own Weight of Footing, Wc (Kn) =1.3*Af*D*gc 79
Unit weight of soil, gs (Kn/m )
3
25.00
Soil Weight , Ws(Kn) =1.3*( Af - Ac)*(fd - D)*gs 153
Total load on footing, PT (Kn) = Ps+Wc+Ws 966
Checking Bearing pressure (Kpa) = PT /A 199.6
Max. soil pressure, Qmax. (Kpa) (P/A)*(1+6*ey /Ly +6*ex /LX) < Qult 201.6
Min. Soil pressure, Qmin. (Kpa) (P/A)*(1-6*ey /Ly -6*ex /Lx ) >0.0 197.6
Tensile strength of conc., fctd (Mpa) 0.3*0.7*(0.8*fcu)^(2/3)/gc= 1.03
Allowable punching resistance of concrete,
0.25*fctd*1.1*(1.6-d) *10^3 325.9
Vup(Kn/m2)
Allowable wide beam shear resistance of
0.25*fctd*1.1*(1.6-d)*10^3 325.9
concrete, vud (Kn/m2)
Punching Shear, Vp (kn) Ps-(7.07d^2+3d(a+b)+ab)*Qact 234.0
Punching Shear Stress, Vup (Kpa) Vp /((9.42*d+2*(a+b))*d) 91.8 91.8
Wide beam Shear, Vwp (Kn/m) (Ps/Af)*(L/2-d-a/2) 75.7 68.1
2
Wide beam Shear stress (Kn/m ) Vwp/(b*d) 167.8 151.0
Max Design Moment, Md (Kn-m) 0.25*(Qmin + 3* Qmax)*((L-a)/2)^2)*0.5 68.9 61.8
[Link] strength(Mpa) fyk 300 300
r (%) (1-SQRT(1 - (2
0.132 0.118
M/(1000*d^2*fcd))))*fcd/fyd
Diameter of Steel, (mm) 14 14
2
Single Area, as (mm ) 22/7*dia.^2/4 154.0 154.0
2
Area of Steel required, Asd (mm ) p*b*d 594.5 532.7
2
Minimum Reinforcement, As,min.(mm ) (0.5/fyk )*b*d=0.0012*b*D 600.0 600
2
Provided Area of steel, As (mm ) MAX(required,designed) 600.0 600.0
Spacing, S (mm) as*100/(p*d) 257 257
Allowable bond stress, Fbd= 2*Fctd 2.06 2.06
Number of bars / meter length 4.9 4.9
Actual bond stress, Fbact.= V/(perimeter*J*d) 1.66 1.57
Bond checking Fbact.<Fbd, OK
Fbact.<Fbd, OK
Adjusted spacing (mm) 250 250
Number of bars / meter length 5 5
Actual bond stress, Fbact.= 1.66 1.57
Bond re-checking Fbact.<Fbd, OKFbact.<Fbd, OK
k2 1.149
k1 1.12 1.088

61
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Footing
F-2 Y
Footing Group ISOLATED FOOTING
Super-structure load, Ps (Kn) 552.00
Mx (Kn-m) -1.71 Ly b
My (Kn-m) 4.98 X
Column width, a (m) * b(m) 0.30 0.40 a
Foundation depth, fd (m) 1.50 Lx
Ultimate bearing capacity, s (Kpa) 220 Lx
Footing Dimension, (Lx * Ly ) m 2.00 2.00 Footing Plan
Depth, D (m) 0.50
2
Footing Area, Af (m ) 4.00 f cu = 25 kN/mm2
Effective depth, d (m) = D - 0.035-bar dia. 0.451 gc = 1.50
Own Weight of Footing, Wc (Kn) =1.3*Af*D*gc 65
Unit weight of soil, gs (Kn/m )
3
25.00
Soil Weight , Ws(Kn) =1.3*( Af - Ac)*(fd - D)*gs 126
Total load on footing, PT (Kn) = Ps+Wc+Ws 743
Checking Bearing pressure (Kpa) = PT /A 185.8
Max. soil pressure, Qmax. (Kpa) (P/A)*(1+6*ey /Ly +6*ex /LX) < Qult 188.2
Min. Soil pressure, Qmin. (Kpa) (P/A)*(1-6*ey /Ly -6*ex /Lx ) >0.0 183.3
Tensile strength of conc., fctd (Mpa) 0.3*0.7*(0.8*fcu)^(2/3)/gc= 1.03
Allowable punching resistance of concrete,
0.25*fctd*1.1*(1.6-d) *10^3 325.9
Vup(Kn/m2)
Allowable wide beam shear resistance of
0.25*fctd*1.1*(1.6-d)*10^3 325.9
concrete, vud (Kn/m2)
Punching Shear, Vp (kn) Ps-(7.07d^2+3d(a+b)+ab)*Qact 86.6
Punching Shear Stress, Vup (Kpa) Vp /((9.42*d+2*(a+b))*d) 34.0 34.0
Wide beam Shear, Vwp (Kn/m) (Ps/Af)*(L/2-d-a/2) 55.1 48.2
2
Wide beam Shear stress (Kn/m ) Vwp/(b*d) 122.1 106.8
Max Design Moment, Md (Kn-m) 0.25*(Qmin + 3* Qmax)*((L-a)/2)^2)*0.5 50.3 44.6
[Link] strength(Mpa) fyk 300 300
r (%) (1-SQRT(1 - (2
0.096 0.085
M/(1000*d^2*fcd))))*fcd/fyd
Diameter of Steel, (mm) 14 14
2
Single Area, as (mm ) 22/7*dia.^2/4 154.0 154.0
2
Area of Steel required, Asd (mm ) p*b*d 432.3 382.4
2
Minimum Reinforcement, As,min.(mm ) (0.5/fyk )*b*d=0.0012*b*D 600.0 600
2
Provided Area of steel, As (mm ) MAX(required,designed) 600.0 600.0
Spacing, S (mm) as*100/(p*d) 257 257
Allowable bond stress, Fbd= 2*Fctd 2.06 2.06
Number of bars / meter length 4.9 4.9
Actual bond stress, Fbact.= V/(perimeter*J*d) 1.35 1.27
Bond checking Fbact.<Fbd, OK
Fbact.<Fbd, OK
Adjusted spacing (mm) 250 250
Number of bars / meter length 5 5
Actual bond stress, Fbact.= 1.35 1.27
Bond re-checking Fbact.<Fbd, OKFbact.<Fbd, OK
k2 1.149
k1 1.12 1.064

62
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Project : Date :
Client : Designed By :
Project No. : Checked By :
Combined Footing CF1
Design Data:
P1= 1143.00 KN
P2= 1072.00 KN
ΣP= 2215.00 KN Y
M1x = 0.83 KNm Xc L1
M1y = 0.95 KNm
M2x = 4.17 KNm C1 C2

M2y = -2.30 KNm

d1

d2
b
C1 C2
Xc = 2.50 m
σall = 220.00 KN/m 2
X
X
σult = 220.00 KN/m2 a
c 1= 0.30 m
d1= 0.40 m
c 2= 0.30 m
d2= 0.40 m
Proportioning:
L1 = 0.30 m
X= 1.21 m (Distance from C1 to the location of the resultant load)

a= 3.48 3.55 m
b= (P)/(σa) 2.84 m
Use b = 3.00 m
σact = 207.98 KN/m2
(σact)b= 623.94 KN/m
The shear force & bending moment diagrams are as shown below:
P1 P2

0.60 2.50 0.45

Shear Force Diagram 374.37 791.23

0.00
0.00

1.23
-768.63
-280.77

Bending moment diagram 137.42

139.72
113.26

112.31

-361.96
Material Properties:
Use Concrete Strength of C 25 MPa Use Steel Grade of S 400
f cd = 11.33 fyd 347.8
f ctd= 1.17
ρmin = 0.0012
Vup= 618.33 KN/m2
Vud= 371.00 KN/m2
Concrete cover = 50 mm

63
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Depth Determination:

Depth From Wide Beam Shear

Max shear force at "d" distance from face of column of C1 or C 2 = 791.23 KN

d= 0.40 m
D= 458.64 mm Use D= 600.00 mm
d= 543.00 mm
Check for Punching Shear
First Column:
The critical section is at "d/2" distance from face of column.
Punching Perimeter = 3.57 m
Punching Shear, VP = 968.11 KN
VP per unit area = 499.13 KN/m2 OK
Second Column:
The critical section is at "d/2" distance from face of column.
Punching Perimeter = 3.57 m
Punching Shear, VP = 897.11 KN
VP per unit area = 462.52 KN/m2 OK
Therefore, take
a= 3.55 m
b= 3.00 m
d= 538.000 mm
D= 600.00 mm
Reinforcement Calculation
Asmin = rminbd = 1936.80 mm2
Long Direction
Bottom Reinforcement
Mdsupport = 137.42 KNm r = 0.0005
As, calc = rbd =
2
741.311 mm
2
As, provided = 1936.80 mm
Using a bar diameter of F = 14 mm
Spacing required = 238.44182 mm
Use F = 14 c/c 200
Top Reinforcement
Mdspan = 361.96 KNm r = 0.0012
As, calc = rbd = 1971.202 mm
2

2
As, provided = 1971.20 mm
Using a bar diameter of F = 14 mm
Spacing required = 234.28 mm
Use F = 14 c/c 200
Short Direction
Assuming that strip A takes all the bending moment at column C1,
Mmax, at the face of the column = (P1/b) x ((b-d1)/2)2/2 = 321.95 KNm

Assuming that sprip B takes all the bending moment at column C2,
Mmax, at the face of the column = (P2/b) x ((b-d2)/2)2/2 = 301.95 KNm
Using the same reinforcement spacing for strip A and Strip B for easy construction;
Md = 321.95 KNm
Y
ρ= 0.0038
Strip A Strip B
2
As = 1713.50 mm
Using a bar diameter of F =
C1 C2
14 mm
d1

d2
b

C1 C2

Spacing required = 75.28 mm

X
Use F = 14 c/c 70 C1+d C2+d

Provide minimum reinforcement in the transverse direction.

ρmin = 0.0013 0.8 m 0.8 m
2
2017.50 mm
As =
Using a bar diameter of F = 14 mm
Spacing required = 228.90 mm
Use F = 14 c/c 200

64
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Project : Page :
Client : Designed By :
Project No. : Date : Checked By :

Strap Footing 1
P1 P2
Analysis Results
Ws
P1 = 641.00 KN Xs
d1 = 0.30 m
c1 = 0.40 m
P2 = 793.00 KN
d2 = 0.30 m e XR
c2 = 0.40 m
R1 R2
Xc = 6.00 m Y
2 XC
sall = 220.00 KN/m
2
sult = 220.00 KN/m d1 d2
b1 C1 C2 b2
Proportioning of Footings
X
a1 a2
Assuming half length of a1= 1.10 m
a1 = 2.20 m
e= 0.95 m
XR = 5.05 m
Soil Reaction, R1 (Neglecting weight of strap beam)
Area of F1, A(F1 )= 3.46 Use the "tools-Goal seek" command and feed the
R1 = 761.58 KN value in "D33" to obtain this result. The value in
"D30" should be used as a variable to change in
b1 = 1.57 m order to achieve this result.
Dimensions of Footing 1 (a1 xb1 ) = 2.20 X 2.20 m
For Footing 2
R2 = 672.42 KN
2
Area of F2,A(F2 )= 3.06 m
a2 = 1.3893 m
b2 = 2.20 m
Dimensions of Footing 2 (a2 xb2 ) = 2.20 X 2.20 m
q1 = 346.17 KN/m
q2 = 305.64 KN/m
Note: The distribution per meter run under the pad is the same for each pad.
Structural Design

Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams

332.90
120.58
51.93 Xo

xo = 1.70 m
-460.10
-589.07
24.02
3.89

-83.76

-497.31 -476.31

Materials Used:
Concrete: C-25 fu= 25
Steel: S-300 fyk= 400
Constants:
gc = 1.50 fcd= 11.33
gs = 1.15 fctd= 1.03
fck= 20.00 fyd= 347.83

65
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT
Determination of Depths of Footings
Footing 1
Trial Depth, D 1 = 600 mm
d = 560 mm
Check for Punching Shear :
r = 0.001
k1 = 1.063
k2 = 1.580
U = 3361.00 mm
Vpu n ch i n g = 267.887 KN OK!
Vre s i s tan ce = 814.824 KN
Check for Wide Beam Shear :
X-Direction
Vu d = 395.216 KN
VC = 533.357 KN OK!
Y-Direction (Note: the shear force in the y-direction may be esstimated as for
the case of an isolated fooring.)
Vu d = 258.939 KN
VC = 533.357 KN OK!
Footing 2
Trial Depth, D 2 = 600 mm
d = 563 mm
Check for Punching Shear :
r = 0.001
k1 = 1.063
k2 = 1.580
U = 6757.40 mm
Vpu = 215.748 KN OK!
VRD = 1647.007 KN
Check for Wide Beam Shear :
X-Direction
Vu d = 288.025 KN
VC = 536.214 KN OK!
Y-Direction (Note: the shear force in the y-direction may be esstimated as for
the case of an isolated fooring.)
Vu d = 226.604 KN
VC = 536.214 KN OK!
Reinforcement
Footing 1
Direction X (TOP)
Maximum moment = 497.31 KNm
Km = 59 Ks = 4.73 Min. Reinf.
Ast eel = 4200.5 mm2 1540 mm
2

f 16 201.06 c/c 100

Direction Y (BOTTOM)
M = 89.10 KNm/m
Km = 17 Ks = 3.95 Min. Reinf.
Ast eel = 628.47 mm2 700 mm
2

f 14 153.94 c/c 210

Footing 2
Direction X (TOP)
Maximum moment = 83.76 KNm
Km = 7 Ks = 3.95 Min. Reinf.
Ast eel = 587.68 mm2 1549 mm
2
F 14 153.94 c/c 210
Direction X (BOTTOM)
Maximum moment = 24.02 KNm
Km = 4 Ks = 3.95 Min. Reinf.
Ast eel = 168.49 mm2 1549 mm
2
F 14 153.94 c/c 210
Direction Y (BOTTOM)
M = 89.10 KNm/m
Km = 17 Ks = 3.95 Min. Reinf.
Ast eel = 625.12 mm2 704 mm
2
F 14 153.94 c/c 210
Design of the Strap
Note : The strap should be designed to withstand the shear foce and
moment on the respective diagrams
V = 120.58 KN
M = 476.31 KNm
Km = 101 K s = 4.73
Asteel = 4172.1 mm2
F 20 314.16 No. 13.28
Take width of strip, b = 0.40 m
Assume depth, D = 0.60 m d = 0.54

Shear resistance of concrete

VRd= 612 KN r = 0.001
Vc= 94.6624 KN k1 = 1.063
V-Vc = 25.92 KN k2 = 1.599

By using a shear stirrup of diameter f = 8

Spacing required = 728
Maximum spacing of shear stirrups = 270
Thus provide f = 8 c/c 200

66
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Footing
LF1 Y
Footing Group ISOLATED FOOTING
Super-structure load, Ps (Kn) 931.00
Mx (Kn-m) 0.28 Ly b
My (Kn-m) -1.39 X
Column width, a (m) * b(m) 0.30 0.40 a
Foundation depth, fd (m) 2.00 Lx

Ultimate bearing capacity, s (Kpa) 220 Lx

Footing Dimension, (Lx * Ly ) m 2.60 2.60 Footing Plan
Depth, D (m) 0.60
2
Footing Area, Af (m ) 6.76
Effective depth, d (m) = D - 0.035-bar dia. 0.551
Own Weight of Footing, Wc (Kn) =1.3*Af *D*gc 132
Unit weight of soil, gs (Kn/m )
3
25.00
Soil Weight , Ws(Kn) =1.3*( Af - Ac)*(fd - D)*gs 302
Total load on footing, PT (Kn) = Ps+Wc+Ws 1365
Checking Bearing pressure (Kpa) = PT/A 201.9
Max. soil pressure, Qmax. (Kpa) (P/A)*(1+6*ey /Ly +6*ex /LX) < Qult 201.5
Min. Soil pressure, Qmin. (Kpa) (P/A)*(1-6*ey/Ly -6*ex /Lx ) >0.0 202.3
Tensile strength of conc., fctd (Mpa) 0.21*(fc )^0.5/1.5 1.03
Allowable punching resistance of concrete,
0.25*fctd*1.1*(1.6-d) *10^3 297.6
Vup(Kn/m2)
Allowable wide beam shear resistance of
0.25*fctd*1.1*(1.6-d)*10^3 297.6
concrete, vud (Kn/m2)
Punching Shear, Vp (kn) Ps-(7.07d^2+3d(a+b)+ab)*Qact 239.7
Punching Shear Stress, Vup (Kpa) Vp/((9.42*d+2*(a+b))*d) 66.0 66.0
Wide beam Shear, Vw p (Kn/m) (Ps/Af)*(L/2-d-a/2) 82.5 75.6
2
Wide beam Shear stress (Kn/m ) Vwp/(b*d) 149.7 137.2
Max Design Moment, Md (Kn-m) 0.25*(Qmin + 3* Qmax)*((L-a)/2)^2)*0.5 90.9 83.2
[Link] strength(Mpa) fyk 300 300
(1-SQRT(1 - (2
rho (% ) 0.116 0.106
M/(1000*d^2*fcd))))*fcd/fyd
Diameter of Steel, (mm) 14 14
2
Single Area, as (mm ) 22/7*dia.^2/4 154.00 154.00
2
Area of Steel required, Asd (mm ) p*b*d 641.3 586.1
2
Minimum Reinforcement, As,m in.(mm ) (0.5/fyk)*b*d=0.0012*b*d 661.2 661.2
2
Provided Area of steel, As (mm ) MAX(required,designed) 661.2 661.2
Spacing, S (mm) as *100/(p*d) 233 233
Allowable bond stress, Fbd= 2*Fctd 2.06 2.06
Number of bars / meter length 5.3 5.3
Actual bond stress, Fbact.= V/(perimeter*J*d) 1.37 1.31
Bond checking Fbact.<Fbd,Fbact.<Fbd,
OK OK
Adjusted spacing (mm) 180 180
Number of bars / meter length 5 5
Actual bond stress, Fbact.= 1.37 1.31
Bond re-checking Fbact.<Fbd, OK
Fbact.<Fbd, OK
k2 1.049
k1 1.12 1.079

67
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Project : Date :
Client : Designed By :
Project No. : Checked By :
Combined Footing CF2&3
Design Data:
P1= 47.00 KN
P2= 39.00 KN
ΣP= 86.00 KN Y
M1x = -2.37 KNm Xc L1
M1y = 0.62 KNm
M2x = -0.92 KNm C1 C2

M2y = 0.74 KNm

d1

d2
b
C1 C2
Xc = 0.40 m
σall = 220.00 KN/m 2
X
X
σult = 220.00 KN/m2 a
c 1= 0.40 m
d1= 0.40 m
c 2= 0.40 m
d2= 0.40 m
Proportioning:
L1 = 0.20 m
X= 0.20 m (Distance from C1 to the location of the resultant load)

a= 1.21 1.30 m
b= (P)/(σa) 0.30 m
Use b = 1.20 m
σact = 55.13 KN/m2
(σact)b= 66.15 KN/m
The shear force & bending moment diagrams are as shown below:
P1 P2

0.50 0.40 0.40

Shear Force Diagram 33.08 12.54

0.00
0.00

0.21
-13.92
-26.46

Bending moment diagram 11.10

10.36
8.89

8.27

9.17
Material Properties:
Use Concrete Strength of C 25 MPa Use Steel Grade of S 400
f cd = 11.33 fyd 347.8
f ctd= 1.17
ρmin = 0.0008
Vup= 606.67 KN/m2
Vud= 364.00 KN/m2
Concrete cover = 50 mm

68
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT

Depth Determination:

Depth From Wide Beam Shear

Max shear force at "d" distance from face of column of C1 or C 2 = 33.08 KN

d= 0.04 m
D= 95.46 mm Use D= 400.00 mm
d= 344.00 mm
Check for Punching Shear
First Column:
The critical section is at "d/2" distance from face of column.
Punching Perimeter = 2.98 m
Punching Shear, VP = -74.78 KN
VP per unit area = -73.04 KN/m2 OK
Second Column:
The critical section is at "d/2" distance from face of column.
Punching Perimeter = 2.98 m
Punching Shear, VP = -82.78 KN
VP per unit area = -80.86 KN/m2 OK
Therefore, take
a= 1.30 m
b= 1.20 m
d= 338.000 mm
D= 400.00 mm
Reinforcement Calculation
Asmin = rminbd = 324.48 mm2
Long Direction
Bottom Reinforcement
Mdsupport = 11.10 KNm r = 0.0002
As, calc = rbd = 95.00077 mm
2

2
As, provided = 324.48 mm
Using a bar diameter of F = 12 mm
Spacing required = 418.25938 mm
Use F = 12 c/c 200
Top Reinforcement
Mdspan = 9.17 KNm r = 0.0002
As, calc = rbd = 78.26563 mm
2

2
As, provided = 324.48 mm
Using a bar diameter of F = 12 mm
Spacing required = 418.26 mm
Use F = 12 c/c 200
Short Direction
Assuming that strip A takes all the bending moment at column C1,
Mmax, at the face of the column = (P1/b) x ((b-d1)/2)2/2 = 3.13 KNm

Assuming that sprip B takes all the bending moment at column C2,
Mmax, at the face of the column = (P2/b) x ((b-d2)/2)2/2 = 2.60 KNm
Using the same reinforcement spacing for strip A and Strip B for easy construction;
Md = 3.13 KNm
Y
ρ= 0.0014
Strip A Strip B
2
As = 358.58 mm
Using a bar diameter of F =
C1 C2
12 mm
d1

d2
b

C1 C2

Spacing required = 232.77 mm

X
Use F = 12 c/c 200 C1+d C2+d

Provide minimum reinforcement in the transverse direction.

ρmin = 0.0013 0.7 m 0.7 m
2
507.00 mm
As =
Using a bar diameter of F = 12 mm
Spacing required = 267.69 mm
Use F = 12 c/c 200

69