Arrays Arrays

 Arrays are variables that can hold more than one value, they can hold a list of values of  Declaring an array to store 7 character elements.
the same type.
 Key Features of Arrays: char AL[]=new char[7]; // declaration
Fixed Length: after creating an array, its size is fixed, we can not change it. AL
Contiguous Memory Allocation: In array elements are stored in contiguous locations. AL[0] AL[1] AL[2] AL[3] AL[4] AL[5] AL[6]
Zero Based Indexing: The first element of the array start from index 0.
Total memory allocated to array AL=7*2=14 bytes.
Array index goes from 0 to n-1 for an array of size n
 Declaring an array to store 7 integer elements.
 Syntax to declare an array- int m[]=new int[7]; // declaration
dataType arrayName[ ]= new dataType[size]; m
OR
dataType[ ] arrayName= new dataType[size]; m[0] m[1] m[2] m[3] m[4] m[5] m[6]
Total memory allocated to array m=7*4=28 bytes.
dataType: The type of elements the array will hold(e.g., int, char, double, float)
arrayName: The name of the array variable. Declaring and initializing an array-
size: The number of elements the array can store.
new : it is a keyword and dynamically(run-time) allocates memory to array. double size[]={20.45,17.50,40.25, 10.75, 35.06}; //static initialization

size 20.45 17.50 40.25 10.75 35.06

Arrays Arrays
public class Array1 //program to enter 5 students marks and display on screen
{ import [Link];
public static void main(String[] args) public class Array2
{ {
int []num={20,30,45,15,60}; public static void main(String[] args)
[Link](num[0]); {
[Link](num[1]); //try below code in place of 5 lines int i;
[Link](num[2]); for(int i=0; i<5,i++) int marks[]=new int[5];
[Link](num[3]); [Link](num[i]); Scanner ob=new Scanner([Link]);
[Link](num[4]);
[Link]("Enter marks for 5 students");
}
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
}
marks[i]=[Link]();
Output: [Link]("The marks are: ");
20 for(i=0;i<[Link];i++)
30 [Link](marks[i]+" ");
45 }}
15 Note: An array variable has a useful property, the length property, which is the size of the
array. For example, for the marks array, [Link] will be 5.
60
Note: [Link](num[5]); Error- ArrayIndex out of bounds
 User-Defined Method User-Defined Method
A method in Java is a block of statements grouped together to perform a specific task. *The method body is enclosed within a pair of curly braces and contains the statements of the
A method has- method.
 a name, *The statements end with an optional return statement that returns a value back to the calling
 a return type, method.
 an optional list of parameters, and *The return type is the type of the value that the method returns.
 a body. Example- User defined method to calculate area of rectangle
The structure of Java Method:
return_type method_name(list of parameters separated by commas) returntype methodname Parameters list
{
statements static double rectangle_area(double length, double breadth)
::::::::::::::::: {
return statement return (length * breadth);
} }
* return_type can be any dataType (void, char, int , float,double).
*method_name- this is a single word followed by round bracket. *The static(keyword) modifier allows us to call this method without an invoking object.
*The parameter list placed within the round brackets allows data to be passed into the method. *A method is called/invoked from another method.
*This list is a comma separated list of variables (as many as needed) along with their data types. *When a method is called, control is transferred from the calling method to the called method.
*The variables of the parameter list act just like regular local variables inside the method body. *The statements inside the called method's body are executed.
*Control is then returned back to the calling method.

User-Defined Method
//program to calculate area of rectangle using User Defined Method
public class UDM
{
static double RA(double L, double B)
{
return L*B;
}
public static void main(String[ ] args)
{
double A; //main() is calling method
A=RA(20.5,10.05); // RA() is called method
[Link]("area of rectangle is:"+A);
}
}
Output:
area of rectangle is:206.025